Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study
Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2-3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017-2018) of the Ola Tuputupua'e 'Growing up' study. Anaemia (Hb < 11 center dot 0 or 11 center dot 5 g/dl for...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Public health nutrition 2021-12, Vol.24 (18), p.5995-6006, Article 1368980021003980 |
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| creator | Wu, Bohao Choy, Courtney C Rivara, Anna C Soti-Ulberg, Christina Naseri, Take Reupena, Muagututia S Duckham, Rachel L Hawley, Nicola L |
| description | Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2-3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017-2018) of the Ola Tuputupua'e 'Growing up' study. Anaemia (Hb < 11 center dot 0 or 11 center dot 5 g/dl for 2-4 and >= 5 years old, respectively) was considered 'transient' when it occurred at only one wave or 'persistent' if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions. Setting: Eleven Samoan villages. Participants: Mother-child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017-2018. Results: Anaemia prevalence was 33 center dot 9 % in 2015 and 28 center dot 0 % in 2017-2018; 35 center dot 6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0 center dot 54, (95 % CI 0 center dot 35, 0 center dot 84), P = 0 center dot 007), had older mothers (>= 40 v. 18-29 years, aRR = 0 center dot 61, (95 % CI 0 center dot 39, 0 center dot 95), P = 0 center dot 029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0 center dot 97, (95 % CI 0 center dot 95, 0 center dot 99), P = 0 center dot 003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2 center dot 13, (95 % CI 1 center dot 17, 3 center dot 89), P = 0 center dot 013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4 center dot 69, (95 % CI 1 center dot 33, 16 center dot 49), P = 0 center dot 016) than those with no anaemia. Conclusions: Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S1368980021003980 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2600260688</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><cupid>10_1017_S1368980021003980</cupid><sourcerecordid>2572926653</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-c3d7c777e77b24efd1533e9761eefcec3d1912fe3e706976ebf8a2166e91f30a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkVtr3DAQhUVpaNJtf0BfiqAvgeJUF1uy-xAoS28QaCDts5Dl8a6CLW0luyH_vmN2u71R6NMMOt8MZ3QIecbZBWdcv7rhUtVNzZjgjElsHpAzXuqqEFroh9ijXCz6KXmc8y1jrNJaPyKnsqwELxt9Rq6vIWWfJwgOaOypDRZGb6kdY9jQGyw20F2C7LYxDtRugLqtH7oE4TW1dEDKT3Pngx1oxub-CTnp7ZDh6aGuyJd3bz-vPxRXn95_XL-5Klyp-VQ42WmHZkDrVpTQd7ySEhqtOEDvAGXecNGDBM0UPkPb11ZwpaDhvWRWrsjlfu9ubkfoHIQp2cHskh9tujfRevO7EvzWbOI3UytWa8FxwflhQYpfZ8iTGX12MAw2QJyzEZUWjVAKfa3Iiz_Q2zgnPBkphb-vmKprpPiecinmnKA_muHMLHmZv_LCmee_XnGc-BEQAvUeuIM29tn5JagjhonqZVep2RLu2k928jGs4xwmHH35_6NIy4N7O7bJdxv4eeS__X8H6TTA4g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2600260688</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Wu, Bohao ; Choy, Courtney C ; Rivara, Anna C ; Soti-Ulberg, Christina ; Naseri, Take ; Reupena, Muagututia S ; Duckham, Rachel L ; Hawley, Nicola L</creator><creatorcontrib>Wu, Bohao ; Choy, Courtney C ; Rivara, Anna C ; Soti-Ulberg, Christina ; Naseri, Take ; Reupena, Muagututia S ; Duckham, Rachel L ; Hawley, Nicola L</creatorcontrib><description>Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2-3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017-2018) of the Ola Tuputupua'e 'Growing up' study. Anaemia (Hb < 11 center dot 0 or 11 center dot 5 g/dl for 2-4 and >= 5 years old, respectively) was considered 'transient' when it occurred at only one wave or 'persistent' if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions. Setting: Eleven Samoan villages. Participants: Mother-child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017-2018. Results: Anaemia prevalence was 33 center dot 9 % in 2015 and 28 center dot 0 % in 2017-2018; 35 center dot 6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0 center dot 54, (95 % CI 0 center dot 35, 0 center dot 84), P = 0 center dot 007), had older mothers (>= 40 v. 18-29 years, aRR = 0 center dot 61, (95 % CI 0 center dot 39, 0 center dot 95), P = 0 center dot 029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0 center dot 97, (95 % CI 0 center dot 95, 0 center dot 99), P = 0 center dot 003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2 center dot 13, (95 % CI 1 center dot 17, 3 center dot 89), P = 0 center dot 013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4 center dot 69, (95 % CI 1 center dot 33, 16 center dot 49), P = 0 center dot 016) than those with no anaemia. Conclusions: Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1368-9800</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S1368980021003980</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34521497</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Age ; Anemia ; Anemia - epidemiology ; Attention ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Data collection ; Dietary intake ; Female ; Food ; Households ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mothers ; Nutrition & Dietetics ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritional status and body composition ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Prevalence ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Questionnaires ; Research paper ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sanitation ; Science & Technology ; Socioeconomic factors</subject><ispartof>Public health nutrition, 2021-12, Vol.24 (18), p.5995-6006, Article 1368980021003980</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>1</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000721004700005</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-c3d7c777e77b24efd1533e9761eefcec3d1912fe3e706976ebf8a2166e91f30a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-c3d7c777e77b24efd1533e9761eefcec3d1912fe3e706976ebf8a2166e91f30a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3278-196X ; 0000-0001-8693-723X ; 0000-0002-7633-2269 ; 0000-0001-7882-2950 ; 0000-0003-2626-4787 ; 0000-0002-2601-3454 ; 0000-0002-0042-2321 ; 0000-0002-6870-4384</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8608721/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8608721/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,886,27929,27930,39263,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34521497$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wu, Bohao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choy, Courtney C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rivara, Anna C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soti-Ulberg, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naseri, Take</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reupena, Muagututia S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duckham, Rachel L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hawley, Nicola L</creatorcontrib><title>Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study</title><title>Public health nutrition</title><addtitle>PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR</addtitle><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><description>Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2-3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017-2018) of the Ola Tuputupua'e 'Growing up' study. Anaemia (Hb < 11 center dot 0 or 11 center dot 5 g/dl for 2-4 and >= 5 years old, respectively) was considered 'transient' when it occurred at only one wave or 'persistent' if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions. Setting: Eleven Samoan villages. Participants: Mother-child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017-2018. Results: Anaemia prevalence was 33 center dot 9 % in 2015 and 28 center dot 0 % in 2017-2018; 35 center dot 6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0 center dot 54, (95 % CI 0 center dot 35, 0 center dot 84), P = 0 center dot 007), had older mothers (>= 40 v. 18-29 years, aRR = 0 center dot 61, (95 % CI 0 center dot 39, 0 center dot 95), P = 0 center dot 029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0 center dot 97, (95 % CI 0 center dot 95, 0 center dot 99), P = 0 center dot 003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2 center dot 13, (95 % CI 1 center dot 17, 3 center dot 89), P = 0 center dot 013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4 center dot 69, (95 % CI 1 center dot 33, 16 center dot 49), P = 0 center dot 016) than those with no anaemia. Conclusions: Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Anemia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Nutrition & Dietetics</subject><subject>Nutritional Status</subject><subject>Nutritional status and body composition</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Research paper</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sanitation</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkVtr3DAQhUVpaNJtf0BfiqAvgeJUF1uy-xAoS28QaCDts5Dl8a6CLW0luyH_vmN2u71R6NMMOt8MZ3QIecbZBWdcv7rhUtVNzZjgjElsHpAzXuqqEFroh9ijXCz6KXmc8y1jrNJaPyKnsqwELxt9Rq6vIWWfJwgOaOypDRZGb6kdY9jQGyw20F2C7LYxDtRugLqtH7oE4TW1dEDKT3Pngx1oxub-CTnp7ZDh6aGuyJd3bz-vPxRXn95_XL-5Klyp-VQ42WmHZkDrVpTQd7ySEhqtOEDvAGXecNGDBM0UPkPb11ZwpaDhvWRWrsjlfu9ubkfoHIQp2cHskh9tujfRevO7EvzWbOI3UytWa8FxwflhQYpfZ8iTGX12MAw2QJyzEZUWjVAKfa3Iiz_Q2zgnPBkphb-vmKprpPiecinmnKA_muHMLHmZv_LCmee_XnGc-BEQAvUeuIM29tn5JagjhonqZVep2RLu2k928jGs4xwmHH35_6NIy4N7O7bJdxv4eeS__X8H6TTA4g</recordid><startdate>20211201</startdate><enddate>20211201</enddate><creator>Wu, Bohao</creator><creator>Choy, Courtney C</creator><creator>Rivara, Anna C</creator><creator>Soti-Ulberg, Christina</creator><creator>Naseri, Take</creator><creator>Reupena, Muagututia S</creator><creator>Duckham, Rachel L</creator><creator>Hawley, Nicola L</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Cambridge Univ Press</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3278-196X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-723X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-2269</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-2950</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-4787</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-3454</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0042-2321</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4384</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211201</creationdate><title>Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study</title><author>Wu, Bohao ; Choy, Courtney C ; Rivara, Anna C ; Soti-Ulberg, Christina ; Naseri, Take ; Reupena, Muagututia S ; Duckham, Rachel L ; Hawley, Nicola L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-c3d7c777e77b24efd1533e9761eefcec3d1912fe3e706976ebf8a2166e91f30a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Anemia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Data collection</topic><topic>Dietary intake</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Households</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Mothers</topic><topic>Nutrition & Dietetics</topic><topic>Nutritional Status</topic><topic>Nutritional status and body composition</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Overweight</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Research paper</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sanitation</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Socioeconomic factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wu, Bohao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choy, Courtney C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rivara, Anna C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soti-Ulberg, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naseri, Take</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reupena, Muagututia S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duckham, Rachel L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hawley, Nicola L</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wu, Bohao</au><au>Choy, Courtney C</au><au>Rivara, Anna C</au><au>Soti-Ulberg, Christina</au><au>Naseri, Take</au><au>Reupena, Muagututia S</au><au>Duckham, Rachel L</au><au>Hawley, Nicola L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study</atitle><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle><stitle>PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR</stitle><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><date>2021-12-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>18</issue><spage>5995</spage><epage>6006</epage><pages>5995-6006</pages><artnum>1368980021003980</artnum><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><eissn>1475-2727</eissn><abstract>Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2-3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017-2018) of the Ola Tuputupua'e 'Growing up' study. Anaemia (Hb < 11 center dot 0 or 11 center dot 5 g/dl for 2-4 and >= 5 years old, respectively) was considered 'transient' when it occurred at only one wave or 'persistent' if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions. Setting: Eleven Samoan villages. Participants: Mother-child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017-2018. Results: Anaemia prevalence was 33 center dot 9 % in 2015 and 28 center dot 0 % in 2017-2018; 35 center dot 6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0 center dot 54, (95 % CI 0 center dot 35, 0 center dot 84), P = 0 center dot 007), had older mothers (>= 40 v. 18-29 years, aRR = 0 center dot 61, (95 % CI 0 center dot 39, 0 center dot 95), P = 0 center dot 029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0 center dot 97, (95 % CI 0 center dot 95, 0 center dot 99), P = 0 center dot 003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2 center dot 13, (95 % CI 1 center dot 17, 3 center dot 89), P = 0 center dot 013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4 center dot 69, (95 % CI 1 center dot 33, 16 center dot 49), P = 0 center dot 016) than those with no anaemia. Conclusions: Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>34521497</pmid><doi>10.1017/S1368980021003980</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3278-196X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-723X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-2269</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-2950</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-4787</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-3454</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0042-2321</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4384</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Public health nutrition, 2021-12, Vol.24 (18), p.5995-6006, Article 1368980021003980 |
| issn | 1368-9800 1475-2727 1475-2727 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" />; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Age Anemia Anemia - epidemiology Attention Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Cross-Sectional Studies Data collection Dietary intake Female Food Households Humans Infectious diseases Life Sciences & Biomedicine Longitudinal Studies Mothers Nutrition & Dietetics Nutritional Status Nutritional status and body composition Obesity Overweight Prevalence Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Questionnaires Research paper Risk analysis Risk Factors Sanitation Science & Technology Socioeconomic factors |
| title | Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study |
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