Application of deep eutectic solvent in biodiesel reaction: RSM optimization, CI engine test, cost analysis and research dynamics
[Display omitted] •Application of DES as a partial substitute to methanol in transesterification reaction.•Processed crude glycerol was used first time in DES preparations.•At optimum conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% was obtained.•Biodiesel produced using this method showed lower emission. In this...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Fuel (Guildford) 2022-01, Vol.307, p.121933, Article 121933 |
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| creator | Ranjan, Alok S.S., Dawn N., Nirmala A., Santhosh J., Arun |
| description | [Display omitted]
•Application of DES as a partial substitute to methanol in transesterification reaction.•Processed crude glycerol was used first time in DES preparations.•At optimum conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% was obtained.•Biodiesel produced using this method showed lower emission.
In this study, biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) in one step process with crude glycerol-ChCl based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and NaOH catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) technique was employed in predicting the optimal operating conditions and to study the relationship between reaction parameters and the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The RSM coefficient of determination (R2) was observed to be 0.9965. The highest yield of biodiesel was 95% at the optimum reaction temperature of 65 °C with a reaction time of 90 min. The FAME produced was in compliance with the American standard for testing materials (ASTM) D6751-07 (2007) standards. CI engine test of B100 biodiesel fuel emitted lesser CO (2.01 g/kWh), HC (0.02 g/kWh) for engine load of 100% with little increase in CO2 when compared to petroleum-based diesel (PBD). Lower calorific value of biodiesel resulted in higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to the PBD. Computed biodiesel production cost was approximately 833.35 USD/ton. This investigation opens new pathway for utilizing crude glycerol-ChCl based DES as co-solvent for transesterification and other chemical reactions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121933 |
| format | Article |
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•Application of DES as a partial substitute to methanol in transesterification reaction.•Processed crude glycerol was used first time in DES preparations.•At optimum conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% was obtained.•Biodiesel produced using this method showed lower emission.
In this study, biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) in one step process with crude glycerol-ChCl based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and NaOH catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) technique was employed in predicting the optimal operating conditions and to study the relationship between reaction parameters and the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The RSM coefficient of determination (R2) was observed to be 0.9965. The highest yield of biodiesel was 95% at the optimum reaction temperature of 65 °C with a reaction time of 90 min. The FAME produced was in compliance with the American standard for testing materials (ASTM) D6751-07 (2007) standards. CI engine test of B100 biodiesel fuel emitted lesser CO (2.01 g/kWh), HC (0.02 g/kWh) for engine load of 100% with little increase in CO2 when compared to petroleum-based diesel (PBD). Lower calorific value of biodiesel resulted in higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to the PBD. Computed biodiesel production cost was approximately 833.35 USD/ton. This investigation opens new pathway for utilizing crude glycerol-ChCl based DES as co-solvent for transesterification and other chemical reactions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-2361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7153</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121933</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Biodiesel ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Calorific value ; Carbon dioxide ; Catalysts ; Chemical reactions ; Cooking ; Cooking oils ; Cost analysis ; Cost estimation ; Crude glycerol ; Diesel ; Diesel fuels ; Engine tests ; Eutectic reactions ; Fatty acids ; Fuel consumption ; Glycerol ; Ionic liquids ; Optimization ; Production costs ; Reaction time ; Response surface methodology ; Sodium hydroxide ; Solvents ; SWOT analysis ; Transesterification ; Waste cooking oil</subject><ispartof>Fuel (Guildford), 2022-01, Vol.307, p.121933, Article 121933</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jan 1, 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-8d2f78cd3ad47de9bc0826c97dcbea867d837b853d34f94cbc6abc94e3c0400e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-8d2f78cd3ad47de9bc0826c97dcbea867d837b853d34f94cbc6abc94e3c0400e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121933$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ranjan, Alok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>S.S., Dawn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>N., Nirmala</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>A., Santhosh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>J., Arun</creatorcontrib><title>Application of deep eutectic solvent in biodiesel reaction: RSM optimization, CI engine test, cost analysis and research dynamics</title><title>Fuel (Guildford)</title><description>[Display omitted]
•Application of DES as a partial substitute to methanol in transesterification reaction.•Processed crude glycerol was used first time in DES preparations.•At optimum conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% was obtained.•Biodiesel produced using this method showed lower emission.
In this study, biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) in one step process with crude glycerol-ChCl based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and NaOH catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) technique was employed in predicting the optimal operating conditions and to study the relationship between reaction parameters and the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The RSM coefficient of determination (R2) was observed to be 0.9965. The highest yield of biodiesel was 95% at the optimum reaction temperature of 65 °C with a reaction time of 90 min. The FAME produced was in compliance with the American standard for testing materials (ASTM) D6751-07 (2007) standards. CI engine test of B100 biodiesel fuel emitted lesser CO (2.01 g/kWh), HC (0.02 g/kWh) for engine load of 100% with little increase in CO2 when compared to petroleum-based diesel (PBD). Lower calorific value of biodiesel resulted in higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to the PBD. Computed biodiesel production cost was approximately 833.35 USD/ton. This investigation opens new pathway for utilizing crude glycerol-ChCl based DES as co-solvent for transesterification and other chemical reactions.</description><subject>Biodiesel</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Calorific value</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Chemical reactions</subject><subject>Cooking</subject><subject>Cooking oils</subject><subject>Cost analysis</subject><subject>Cost estimation</subject><subject>Crude glycerol</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Diesel fuels</subject><subject>Engine tests</subject><subject>Eutectic reactions</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fuel consumption</subject><subject>Glycerol</subject><subject>Ionic liquids</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Production costs</subject><subject>Reaction time</subject><subject>Response surface methodology</subject><subject>Sodium hydroxide</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>SWOT analysis</subject><subject>Transesterification</subject><subject>Waste cooking oil</subject><issn>0016-2361</issn><issn>1873-7153</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1PGzEURS1UJFLgD7Cy1C0T_DEZe6puUERbpCAkKGvL8_ymdTQZT20nUrrrP8chrFm9t7jn6uoQcsXZnDPe3Kzn_RaHuWCCz7ngrZQnZMa1kpXiC_mJzFhJVUI2_Ix8TmnNGFN6Uc_I_9tpGjzY7MNIQ08d4kRxmxGyB5rCsMMxUz_SzgfnMeFAI1o4xL_Sp-cHGqbsN_7fW8E1Xd5THH_7EWnGlK8phJSpHe2wTz6VxxU6oY3wh7r9aDce0gU57e2Q8PL9npOX73e_lj-r1eOP--XtqgIpdK60E73S4KR1tXLYdsC0aKBVDjq0ulFOS9XphXSy7tsaOmhsB22NEljNGMpz8uXYO8Xwd1vWmXXYxjItGbFo20Yq3YiSEscUxJBSxN5M0W9s3BvOzEG1WZuDanNQbY6qC_TtCGHZv_MYTQKPI6DzsYg0LviP8FeH9om_</recordid><startdate>20220101</startdate><enddate>20220101</enddate><creator>Ranjan, Alok</creator><creator>S.S., Dawn</creator><creator>N., Nirmala</creator><creator>A., Santhosh</creator><creator>J., Arun</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220101</creationdate><title>Application of deep eutectic solvent in biodiesel reaction: RSM optimization, CI engine test, cost analysis and research dynamics</title><author>Ranjan, Alok ; S.S., Dawn ; N., Nirmala ; A., Santhosh ; J., Arun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-8d2f78cd3ad47de9bc0826c97dcbea867d837b853d34f94cbc6abc94e3c0400e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Biodiesel</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Calorific value</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Chemical reactions</topic><topic>Cooking</topic><topic>Cooking oils</topic><topic>Cost analysis</topic><topic>Cost estimation</topic><topic>Crude glycerol</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Diesel fuels</topic><topic>Engine tests</topic><topic>Eutectic reactions</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fuel consumption</topic><topic>Glycerol</topic><topic>Ionic liquids</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Production costs</topic><topic>Reaction time</topic><topic>Response surface methodology</topic><topic>Sodium hydroxide</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>SWOT analysis</topic><topic>Transesterification</topic><topic>Waste cooking oil</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ranjan, Alok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>S.S., Dawn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>N., Nirmala</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>A., Santhosh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>J., Arun</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ranjan, Alok</au><au>S.S., Dawn</au><au>N., Nirmala</au><au>A., Santhosh</au><au>J., Arun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Application of deep eutectic solvent in biodiesel reaction: RSM optimization, CI engine test, cost analysis and research dynamics</atitle><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle><date>2022-01-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>307</volume><spage>121933</spage><pages>121933-</pages><artnum>121933</artnum><issn>0016-2361</issn><eissn>1873-7153</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted]
•Application of DES as a partial substitute to methanol in transesterification reaction.•Processed crude glycerol was used first time in DES preparations.•At optimum conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% was obtained.•Biodiesel produced using this method showed lower emission.
In this study, biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) in one step process with crude glycerol-ChCl based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and NaOH catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) technique was employed in predicting the optimal operating conditions and to study the relationship between reaction parameters and the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The RSM coefficient of determination (R2) was observed to be 0.9965. The highest yield of biodiesel was 95% at the optimum reaction temperature of 65 °C with a reaction time of 90 min. The FAME produced was in compliance with the American standard for testing materials (ASTM) D6751-07 (2007) standards. CI engine test of B100 biodiesel fuel emitted lesser CO (2.01 g/kWh), HC (0.02 g/kWh) for engine load of 100% with little increase in CO2 when compared to petroleum-based diesel (PBD). Lower calorific value of biodiesel resulted in higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to the PBD. Computed biodiesel production cost was approximately 833.35 USD/ton. This investigation opens new pathway for utilizing crude glycerol-ChCl based DES as co-solvent for transesterification and other chemical reactions.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121933</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biodiesel Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Calorific value Carbon dioxide Catalysts Chemical reactions Cooking Cooking oils Cost analysis Cost estimation Crude glycerol Diesel Diesel fuels Engine tests Eutectic reactions Fatty acids Fuel consumption Glycerol Ionic liquids Optimization Production costs Reaction time Response surface methodology Sodium hydroxide Solvents SWOT analysis Transesterification Waste cooking oil |
| title | Application of deep eutectic solvent in biodiesel reaction: RSM optimization, CI engine test, cost analysis and research dynamics |
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