Early Paleocene tropical forest from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA
Earliest Paleocene megafloras from North America are hypothesized to be low diversity and dominated by long-lived cosmopolitan species following the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction. However, megafloras used to develop this hypothesis are from the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North Amer...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Paleobiology 2019-09, Vol.45 (4), p.612-635 |
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| description | Earliest Paleocene megafloras from North America are hypothesized to be low diversity and dominated by long-lived cosmopolitan species following the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction. However, megafloras used to develop this hypothesis are from the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America, and relatively little is known about floras from southern basins. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of an earliest Paleocene megaflora ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/pab.2019.24 |
| format | Article |
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However, megafloras used to develop this hypothesis are from the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America, and relatively little is known about floras from southern basins. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of an earliest Paleocene megaflora (<350 kyr after K/Pg boundary) from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone in the San Juan Basin (SJB), New Mexico. The megaflora, comprising 53 morphotypes, was dominated by angiosperms, with accessory taxa composed of pteridophytes, lycophytes, and conifers. Diversity analyses indicate a species-rich, highly uneven, and laterally heterogeneous flora. Paleoclimate estimates using multivariate and univariate methods indicate warm temperatures and relatively high precipitation consistent with a modern tropical seasonal forest. When compared with contemporaneous floras from the Denver Basin (DB) of Colorado and the Williston Basin (WB) of North Dakota, the SJB flora had significantly higher species richness but lower evenness. Paleoclimate estimates from the SJB were 7–14°C warmer than the estimates for the DB and WB, indicating a shift from a temperate forest in the NGP to a tropical forest in the SJB. These results demonstrate the presence of a latitudinal floral diversity and paleoclimatic gradient during the earliest Paleocene in western North America. We hypothesize that the warm, wet conditions in the earliest Paleocene SJB drove rapid rates of speciation following the K/Pg boundary, resulting in a diverse and heterogeneous flora.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8373</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-5331</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/pab.2019.24</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boulder: The Paleontological Society</publisher><subject>Angiospermae ; Angiosperms ; biodiversity ; Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness ; Cenozoic ; Coniferales ; Conifers ; correspondence analysis ; Cosmopolitan species ; Cretaceous ; Endangered & extinct species ; Estimates ; Extinction ; Flora ; Gymnospermae ; lithostratigraphy ; lower Paleocene ; Lycopsida ; Mass extinctions ; Mesozoic ; New Mexico ; Ojo Alamo Sandstone ; Palaeocene ; Paleobotany ; Paleocene ; Paleoclimate ; Paleoclimatology ; paleoecology ; paleoenvironment ; Paleogene ; Plantae ; Plants ; Pteridophyta ; San Juan Basin ; San Juan County New Mexico ; Sandstone ; Sedimentary rocks ; Speciation ; Species diversity ; Species richness ; Spermatophyta ; statistical analysis ; Temperate forests ; terrestrial environment ; Tertiary ; Tropical climate ; tropical environment ; Tropical forests ; United States ; Upper Cretaceous ; vegetation ; Wilderness areas</subject><ispartof>Paleobiology, 2019-09, Vol.45 (4), p.612-635</ispartof><rights>2019 The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>GeoRef, Copyright 2020, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld @Alexandria, VA @USA @United States. Abstract, Copyright, The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>2019 The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>Copyright © The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a306t-2c7a3671b668529449bd2cc5124ff0e47d891060f8355d4e1a8e4b0593adf9ef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a306t-2c7a3671b668529449bd2cc5124ff0e47d891060f8355d4e1a8e4b0593adf9ef3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1371-1878</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48574082$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48574082$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27901,27902,57992,58225</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Flynn, Andrew G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peppe, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><title>Early Paleocene tropical forest from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA</title><title>Paleobiology</title><description>Earliest Paleocene megafloras from North America are hypothesized to be low diversity and dominated by long-lived cosmopolitan species following the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction. However, megafloras used to develop this hypothesis are from the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America, and relatively little is known about floras from southern basins. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of an earliest Paleocene megaflora (<350 kyr after K/Pg boundary) from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone in the San Juan Basin (SJB), New Mexico. The megaflora, comprising 53 morphotypes, was dominated by angiosperms, with accessory taxa composed of pteridophytes, lycophytes, and conifers. Diversity analyses indicate a species-rich, highly uneven, and laterally heterogeneous flora. Paleoclimate estimates using multivariate and univariate methods indicate warm temperatures and relatively high precipitation consistent with a modern tropical seasonal forest. When compared with contemporaneous floras from the Denver Basin (DB) of Colorado and the Williston Basin (WB) of North Dakota, the SJB flora had significantly higher species richness but lower evenness. Paleoclimate estimates from the SJB were 7–14°C warmer than the estimates for the DB and WB, indicating a shift from a temperate forest in the NGP to a tropical forest in the SJB. These results demonstrate the presence of a latitudinal floral diversity and paleoclimatic gradient during the earliest Paleocene in western North America. We hypothesize that the warm, wet conditions in the earliest Paleocene SJB drove rapid rates of speciation following the K/Pg boundary, resulting in a diverse and heterogeneous flora.</description><subject>Angiospermae</subject><subject>Angiosperms</subject><subject>biodiversity</subject><subject>Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness</subject><subject>Cenozoic</subject><subject>Coniferales</subject><subject>Conifers</subject><subject>correspondence analysis</subject><subject>Cosmopolitan species</subject><subject>Cretaceous</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Extinction</subject><subject>Flora</subject><subject>Gymnospermae</subject><subject>lithostratigraphy</subject><subject>lower Paleocene</subject><subject>Lycopsida</subject><subject>Mass extinctions</subject><subject>Mesozoic</subject><subject>New Mexico</subject><subject>Ojo Alamo Sandstone</subject><subject>Palaeocene</subject><subject>Paleobotany</subject><subject>Paleocene</subject><subject>Paleoclimate</subject><subject>Paleoclimatology</subject><subject>paleoecology</subject><subject>paleoenvironment</subject><subject>Paleogene</subject><subject>Plantae</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Pteridophyta</subject><subject>San Juan Basin</subject><subject>San Juan County New Mexico</subject><subject>Sandstone</subject><subject>Sedimentary rocks</subject><subject>Speciation</subject><subject>Species diversity</subject><subject>Species richness</subject><subject>Spermatophyta</subject><subject>statistical analysis</subject><subject>Temperate forests</subject><subject>terrestrial environment</subject><subject>Tertiary</subject><subject>Tropical climate</subject><subject>tropical environment</subject><subject>Tropical forests</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Upper Cretaceous</subject><subject>vegetation</subject><subject>Wilderness 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USA</atitle><jtitle>Paleobiology</jtitle><date>2019-09-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>612</spage><epage>635</epage><pages>612-635</pages><issn>0094-8373</issn><eissn>1938-5331</eissn><abstract>Earliest Paleocene megafloras from North America are hypothesized to be low diversity and dominated by long-lived cosmopolitan species following the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction. However, megafloras used to develop this hypothesis are from the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America, and relatively little is known about floras from southern basins. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of an earliest Paleocene megaflora (<350 kyr after K/Pg boundary) from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone in the San Juan Basin (SJB), New Mexico. The megaflora, comprising 53 morphotypes, was dominated by angiosperms, with accessory taxa composed of pteridophytes, lycophytes, and conifers. Diversity analyses indicate a species-rich, highly uneven, and laterally heterogeneous flora. Paleoclimate estimates using multivariate and univariate methods indicate warm temperatures and relatively high precipitation consistent with a modern tropical seasonal forest. When compared with contemporaneous floras from the Denver Basin (DB) of Colorado and the Williston Basin (WB) of North Dakota, the SJB flora had significantly higher species richness but lower evenness. Paleoclimate estimates from the SJB were 7–14°C warmer than the estimates for the DB and WB, indicating a shift from a temperate forest in the NGP to a tropical forest in the SJB. These results demonstrate the presence of a latitudinal floral diversity and paleoclimatic gradient during the earliest Paleocene in western North America. We hypothesize that the warm, wet conditions in the earliest Paleocene SJB drove rapid rates of speciation following the K/Pg boundary, resulting in a diverse and heterogeneous flora.</abstract><cop>Boulder</cop><pub>The Paleontological Society</pub><doi>10.1017/pab.2019.24</doi><tpages>24</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-1878</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Paleobiology, 2019-09, Vol.45 (4), p.612-635 |
| issn | 0094-8373 1938-5331 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2581680550 |
| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; Cambridge University Press Journals Complete |
| subjects | Angiospermae Angiosperms biodiversity Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness Cenozoic Coniferales Conifers correspondence analysis Cosmopolitan species Cretaceous Endangered & extinct species Estimates Extinction Flora Gymnospermae lithostratigraphy lower Paleocene Lycopsida Mass extinctions Mesozoic New Mexico Ojo Alamo Sandstone Palaeocene Paleobotany Paleocene Paleoclimate Paleoclimatology paleoecology paleoenvironment Paleogene Plantae Plants Pteridophyta San Juan Basin San Juan County New Mexico Sandstone Sedimentary rocks Speciation Species diversity Species richness Spermatophyta statistical analysis Temperate forests terrestrial environment Tertiary Tropical climate tropical environment Tropical forests United States Upper Cretaceous vegetation Wilderness areas |
| title | Early Paleocene tropical forest from the Ojo Alamo Sandstone, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA |
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