Synergistic Air Pollutants and GHG Reduction Effect of Commercial Vehicle Electrification in Guangdong’s Public Service Sector
This paper aims to analyze the associated environment and climate benefits of electrification by comparing the air pollutant and CO2 emissions from the fuel cycle of battery electric commercial vehicles (BECVs) and internal combustion engine commercial vehicles (ICECVs) through a case study in Guang...
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description | This paper aims to analyze the associated environment and climate benefits of electrification by comparing the air pollutant and CO2 emissions from the fuel cycle of battery electric commercial vehicles (BECVs) and internal combustion engine commercial vehicles (ICECVs) through a case study in Guangzhou Province. Five types of vehicles (i.e., electric buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers) used in the public service sector were selected for analysis, taking into account six development scenarios based on the prevalent ownership trends of electric vehicles and the energy system optimization process. The results reveal that an increase in commercial vehicle electrification in the public service sector will cause reductions of 19.3 × 103 tons, 0.5 × 103 tons, 9.5 × 103 tons, and 8.5 × 106 tons for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2, respectively, from the base 2030 case (CS_II, the electrification rates of buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers will reach 100%, 26.5%, 15.4%, 24.0%, and 33.1%, and their power needs will be met by 24% coal, 18.4% gas, and 13.2% renewable power), but with a slight increase in SO2 emissions. With the further penetration of BECVs into the market, the emission reduction benefits for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2 could be even more remarkable. Moreover, the benefit obtained from the optimization of the share of renewable energy is more noticeable for CO2 reduction than for air pollutant reduction. Prioritizing the electrification of light-duty trucks after completing bus electrification could be a potential solution for achieving ozone pollution control and lowering carbon emissions in Guangdong. In addition, these results can provide scientific support for the formulation or adjustment of advanced pollution mitigation and peaking carbon policies in Guangdong, as well as other regions of China. |
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Five types of vehicles (i.e., electric buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers) used in the public service sector were selected for analysis, taking into account six development scenarios based on the prevalent ownership trends of electric vehicles and the energy system optimization process. The results reveal that an increase in commercial vehicle electrification in the public service sector will cause reductions of 19.3 × 103 tons, 0.5 × 103 tons, 9.5 × 103 tons, and 8.5 × 106 tons for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2, respectively, from the base 2030 case (CS_II, the electrification rates of buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers will reach 100%, 26.5%, 15.4%, 24.0%, and 33.1%, and their power needs will be met by 24% coal, 18.4% gas, and 13.2% renewable power), but with a slight increase in SO2 emissions. With the further penetration of BECVs into the market, the emission reduction benefits for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2 could be even more remarkable. Moreover, the benefit obtained from the optimization of the share of renewable energy is more noticeable for CO2 reduction than for air pollutant reduction. Prioritizing the electrification of light-duty trucks after completing bus electrification could be a potential solution for achieving ozone pollution control and lowering carbon emissions in Guangdong. In addition, these results can provide scientific support for the formulation or adjustment of advanced pollution mitigation and peaking carbon policies in Guangdong, as well as other regions of China.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su131911098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Air pollution ; Alternative energy sources ; Battery cycles ; Buses ; Buses (vehicles) ; Carbon dioxide ; Coal ; Dump trucks ; Electric vehicles ; Electricity distribution ; Electrification ; Emissions ; Energy consumption ; Fuel cycles ; Greenhouse gases ; Internal combustion engines ; Light duty trucks ; Mitigation ; Nitrogen oxides ; Optimization ; Particulate matter ; Pollutants ; Pollution control ; Public service ; Public services ; Renewable resources ; Sulfur dioxide ; Sustainability ; Trucks ; VOCs ; Volatile organic compounds ; Wind power</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2021-10, Vol.13 (19), p.11098</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-772525a486a50d3ad683444427b6a5e09c2c493436bb124ef47805b188b9aa553</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-772525a486a50d3ad683444427b6a5e09c2c493436bb124ef47805b188b9aa553</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27907,27908</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Jixian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yixi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Yinping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Qianru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Yutao</creatorcontrib><title>Synergistic Air Pollutants and GHG Reduction Effect of Commercial Vehicle Electrification in Guangdong’s Public Service Sector</title><title>Sustainability</title><description>This paper aims to analyze the associated environment and climate benefits of electrification by comparing the air pollutant and CO2 emissions from the fuel cycle of battery electric commercial vehicles (BECVs) and internal combustion engine commercial vehicles (ICECVs) through a case study in Guangzhou Province. Five types of vehicles (i.e., electric buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers) used in the public service sector were selected for analysis, taking into account six development scenarios based on the prevalent ownership trends of electric vehicles and the energy system optimization process. The results reveal that an increase in commercial vehicle electrification in the public service sector will cause reductions of 19.3 × 103 tons, 0.5 × 103 tons, 9.5 × 103 tons, and 8.5 × 106 tons for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2, respectively, from the base 2030 case (CS_II, the electrification rates of buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers will reach 100%, 26.5%, 15.4%, 24.0%, and 33.1%, and their power needs will be met by 24% coal, 18.4% gas, and 13.2% renewable power), but with a slight increase in SO2 emissions. With the further penetration of BECVs into the market, the emission reduction benefits for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2 could be even more remarkable. Moreover, the benefit obtained from the optimization of the share of renewable energy is more noticeable for CO2 reduction than for air pollutant reduction. Prioritizing the electrification of light-duty trucks after completing bus electrification could be a potential solution for achieving ozone pollution control and lowering carbon emissions in Guangdong. In addition, these results can provide scientific support for the formulation or adjustment of advanced pollution mitigation and peaking carbon policies in Guangdong, as well as other regions of China.</description><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Alternative energy sources</subject><subject>Battery cycles</subject><subject>Buses</subject><subject>Buses (vehicles)</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Coal</subject><subject>Dump trucks</subject><subject>Electric vehicles</subject><subject>Electricity distribution</subject><subject>Electrification</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Fuel cycles</subject><subject>Greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Internal combustion engines</subject><subject>Light duty trucks</subject><subject>Mitigation</subject><subject>Nitrogen oxides</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Pollution control</subject><subject>Public service</subject><subject>Public services</subject><subject>Renewable resources</subject><subject>Sulfur dioxide</subject><subject>Sustainability</subject><subject>Trucks</subject><subject>VOCs</subject><subject>Volatile organic compounds</subject><subject>Wind power</subject><issn>2071-1050</issn><issn>2071-1050</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkM9KAzEQxoMoWGpPvkDAo6zmz2Y3eyylbgsFi1WvSzabrSnbpCZZobe-hq_nk5haDx0YvmHmx3zwAXCL0QOlBXr0Paa4wBgV_AIMCMpxghFDl2fzNRh5v0Gx6BHNBuCw2hvl1toHLeFYO7i0XdcHYYKHwjSwnJXwRTW9DNoaOG1bJQO0LZzY7VY5qUUH39WHlp2C0y7enG61FH-wNrDshVk31qx_Dt8eLvu6iy4r5b60VFFlsO4GXLWi82r0r0Pw9jR9ncySxXM5n4wXiSQFD0meE0aYSHkmGGqoaDJO01gkr-NGoUISmRY0pVldY5KqNs05YjXmvC6EYIwOwd3p787Zz175UG1s70y0rAjjMZzYPFL3J0o6671TbbVzeivcvsKoOqZcnaVMfwGX6G_S</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>Liu, Jianjun</creator><creator>Cui, Jixian</creator><creator>Li, Yixi</creator><creator>Luo, Yinping</creator><creator>Zhu, Qianru</creator><creator>Luo, Yutao</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Synergistic Air Pollutants and GHG Reduction Effect of Commercial Vehicle Electrification in Guangdong’s Public Service Sector</title><author>Liu, Jianjun ; Cui, Jixian ; Li, Yixi ; Luo, Yinping ; Zhu, Qianru ; Luo, Yutao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-772525a486a50d3ad683444427b6a5e09c2c493436bb124ef47805b188b9aa553</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Alternative energy sources</topic><topic>Battery cycles</topic><topic>Buses</topic><topic>Buses (vehicles)</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Coal</topic><topic>Dump trucks</topic><topic>Electric vehicles</topic><topic>Electricity distribution</topic><topic>Electrification</topic><topic>Emissions</topic><topic>Energy consumption</topic><topic>Fuel cycles</topic><topic>Greenhouse gases</topic><topic>Internal combustion engines</topic><topic>Light duty trucks</topic><topic>Mitigation</topic><topic>Nitrogen oxides</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Particulate matter</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Pollution control</topic><topic>Public service</topic><topic>Public services</topic><topic>Renewable resources</topic><topic>Sulfur dioxide</topic><topic>Sustainability</topic><topic>Trucks</topic><topic>VOCs</topic><topic>Volatile organic compounds</topic><topic>Wind power</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Jixian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yixi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Yinping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Qianru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Yutao</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Jianjun</au><au>Cui, Jixian</au><au>Li, Yixi</au><au>Luo, Yinping</au><au>Zhu, Qianru</au><au>Luo, Yutao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Synergistic Air Pollutants and GHG Reduction Effect of Commercial Vehicle Electrification in Guangdong’s Public Service Sector</atitle><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>11098</spage><pages>11098-</pages><issn>2071-1050</issn><eissn>2071-1050</eissn><abstract>This paper aims to analyze the associated environment and climate benefits of electrification by comparing the air pollutant and CO2 emissions from the fuel cycle of battery electric commercial vehicles (BECVs) and internal combustion engine commercial vehicles (ICECVs) through a case study in Guangzhou Province. Five types of vehicles (i.e., electric buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers) used in the public service sector were selected for analysis, taking into account six development scenarios based on the prevalent ownership trends of electric vehicles and the energy system optimization process. The results reveal that an increase in commercial vehicle electrification in the public service sector will cause reductions of 19.3 × 103 tons, 0.5 × 103 tons, 9.5 × 103 tons, and 8.5 × 106 tons for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2, respectively, from the base 2030 case (CS_II, the electrification rates of buses, coaches, light-duty trucks, dump trucks, and waste haulers will reach 100%, 26.5%, 15.4%, 24.0%, and 33.1%, and their power needs will be met by 24% coal, 18.4% gas, and 13.2% renewable power), but with a slight increase in SO2 emissions. With the further penetration of BECVs into the market, the emission reduction benefits for NOx, PM2.5, VOCs, and CO2 could be even more remarkable. Moreover, the benefit obtained from the optimization of the share of renewable energy is more noticeable for CO2 reduction than for air pollutant reduction. Prioritizing the electrification of light-duty trucks after completing bus electrification could be a potential solution for achieving ozone pollution control and lowering carbon emissions in Guangdong. In addition, these results can provide scientific support for the formulation or adjustment of advanced pollution mitigation and peaking carbon policies in Guangdong, as well as other regions of China.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/su131911098</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Air pollution Alternative energy sources Battery cycles Buses Buses (vehicles) Carbon dioxide Coal Dump trucks Electric vehicles Electricity distribution Electrification Emissions Energy consumption Fuel cycles Greenhouse gases Internal combustion engines Light duty trucks Mitigation Nitrogen oxides Optimization Particulate matter Pollutants Pollution control Public service Public services Renewable resources Sulfur dioxide Sustainability Trucks VOCs Volatile organic compounds Wind power |
title | Synergistic Air Pollutants and GHG Reduction Effect of Commercial Vehicle Electrification in Guangdong’s Public Service Sector |
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