Modelling Debris Flow Runout: A Case Study on the Mesilau Watershed, Kundasang, Sabah
Debris flows are among the fatal geological hazards in Malaysia, with 23 incidents recorded in the last two decades. To date, very few studies have been carried out to understand the debris flow processes, causes, and runouts nationwide. This study simulated the debris flow at the Mesilau watershed...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water (Basel) 2021-10, Vol.13 (19), p.2667 |
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| creator | Rosli, Muhammad Iylia Che Ros, Faizah Razak, Khamarrul Azahari Ambran, Sumiaty Kamaruddin, Samira Albati Nor Anuar, Aznah Marto, Aminaton Tobita, Tetsuo Ono, Yusuke |
| description | Debris flows are among the fatal geological hazards in Malaysia, with 23 incidents recorded in the last two decades. To date, very few studies have been carried out to understand the debris flow processes, causes, and runouts nationwide. This study simulated the debris flow at the Mesilau watershed of Kundasang Sabah caused by the prolonged rainfall after the 2015 Ranau earthquake. Several interrelated processing platforms, such as ArcGIS, HEC-HMS, and HyperKANAKO, were used to extract the parameters, model the debris flow, and perform a sensitivity analysis to achieve the best-fit debris flow runout. The debris flow travelled at least 18.6 km to the Liwagu Dam. The best-fit runout suggested that the average velocity was 12.5 m/s and the lead time to arrive at the Mesilau village was 4.5 min. This high debris flow velocity was probably due to the high-water content from the watershed baseflow with a discharge rate of 563.8 m3/s. The flow depth and depositional thickness were both lower than 5.0 m. This study could provide crucial inputs for designing an early warning system, improving risk communication, and strengthening the local disaster risk reduction and resilience strategy in a tectonically active area in Malaysia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/w13192667 |
| format | Article |
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To date, very few studies have been carried out to understand the debris flow processes, causes, and runouts nationwide. This study simulated the debris flow at the Mesilau watershed of Kundasang Sabah caused by the prolonged rainfall after the 2015 Ranau earthquake. Several interrelated processing platforms, such as ArcGIS, HEC-HMS, and HyperKANAKO, were used to extract the parameters, model the debris flow, and perform a sensitivity analysis to achieve the best-fit debris flow runout. The debris flow travelled at least 18.6 km to the Liwagu Dam. The best-fit runout suggested that the average velocity was 12.5 m/s and the lead time to arrive at the Mesilau village was 4.5 min. This high debris flow velocity was probably due to the high-water content from the watershed baseflow with a discharge rate of 563.8 m3/s. The flow depth and depositional thickness were both lower than 5.0 m. This study could provide crucial inputs for designing an early warning system, improving risk communication, and strengthening the local disaster risk reduction and resilience strategy in a tectonically active area in Malaysia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/w13192667</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Average velocity ; Communications systems ; Datasets ; Detritus ; Earthquakes ; Flow velocity ; Geology ; Landslides & mudslides ; Lead time ; Moisture content ; Parameter sensitivity ; Rainfall ; Risk communication ; Risk management ; Risk reduction ; Rivers ; Seismic activity ; Sensitivity analysis ; Simulation ; Velocity ; Water content ; Watersheds</subject><ispartof>Water (Basel), 2021-10, Vol.13 (19), p.2667</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 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This study could provide crucial inputs for designing an early warning system, improving risk communication, and strengthening the local disaster risk reduction and resilience strategy in a tectonically active area in Malaysia.</description><subject>Average velocity</subject><subject>Communications systems</subject><subject>Datasets</subject><subject>Detritus</subject><subject>Earthquakes</subject><subject>Flow velocity</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Landslides & mudslides</subject><subject>Lead time</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Parameter sensitivity</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Risk communication</subject><subject>Risk management</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Seismic activity</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><subject>Water content</subject><subject>Watersheds</subject><issn>2073-4441</issn><issn>2073-4441</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUF9LwzAcDKLgmHvwGwR8ElbNv6aJb2M6FTcE5_CxJM0vW0dtZ9Iy9u2tTMR7uXs47rhD6JKSG841ud1TTjWTMjtBA0Yynggh6Ok_fY5GMW5JD6GVSskArRaNg6oq6zW-BxvKiGdVs8dvXd107R2e4KmJgJdt5w64qXG7AbyAWFamwx-mhRA34Mb4paudiaZej_HSWLO5QGfeVBFGvzxEq9nD-_Qpmb8-Pk8n86RgmrWJ4Jx5YbkseOGVZFZYKEArmWqnJKHEa1ZY46SxBFy_UGRaOQ8SPHE6ZXyIro65u9B8dRDbfNt0oe4rc5YqSlLKeda7ro-uIjQxBvD5LpSfJhxySvKf4_K_4_g3wXFeLg</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>Rosli, Muhammad Iylia</creator><creator>Che Ros, Faizah</creator><creator>Razak, Khamarrul Azahari</creator><creator>Ambran, Sumiaty</creator><creator>Kamaruddin, Samira Albati</creator><creator>Nor Anuar, Aznah</creator><creator>Marto, Aminaton</creator><creator>Tobita, Tetsuo</creator><creator>Ono, Yusuke</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7263-2531</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-2137</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Modelling Debris Flow Runout: A Case Study on the Mesilau Watershed, Kundasang, Sabah</title><author>Rosli, Muhammad Iylia ; Che Ros, Faizah ; Razak, Khamarrul Azahari ; Ambran, Sumiaty ; Kamaruddin, Samira Albati ; Nor Anuar, Aznah ; Marto, Aminaton ; Tobita, Tetsuo ; Ono, Yusuke</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c292t-4332f4b36c3cf862b4bece98659d86010f92cbad6ab0ed3904798dfe6ef0d9523</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Average velocity</topic><topic>Communications systems</topic><topic>Datasets</topic><topic>Detritus</topic><topic>Earthquakes</topic><topic>Flow velocity</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Landslides & mudslides</topic><topic>Lead time</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Parameter sensitivity</topic><topic>Rainfall</topic><topic>Risk communication</topic><topic>Risk management</topic><topic>Risk reduction</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Seismic activity</topic><topic>Sensitivity analysis</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><topic>Water content</topic><topic>Watersheds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rosli, Muhammad Iylia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Che Ros, Faizah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razak, Khamarrul Azahari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ambran, Sumiaty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamaruddin, Samira Albati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nor Anuar, Aznah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marto, Aminaton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tobita, Tetsuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ono, Yusuke</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rosli, Muhammad Iylia</au><au>Che Ros, Faizah</au><au>Razak, Khamarrul Azahari</au><au>Ambran, Sumiaty</au><au>Kamaruddin, Samira Albati</au><au>Nor Anuar, Aznah</au><au>Marto, Aminaton</au><au>Tobita, Tetsuo</au><au>Ono, Yusuke</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Modelling Debris Flow Runout: A Case Study on the Mesilau Watershed, Kundasang, Sabah</atitle><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>2667</spage><pages>2667-</pages><issn>2073-4441</issn><eissn>2073-4441</eissn><abstract>Debris flows are among the fatal geological hazards in Malaysia, with 23 incidents recorded in the last two decades. 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| subjects | Average velocity Communications systems Datasets Detritus Earthquakes Flow velocity Geology Landslides & mudslides Lead time Moisture content Parameter sensitivity Rainfall Risk communication Risk management Risk reduction Rivers Seismic activity Sensitivity analysis Simulation Velocity Water content Watersheds |
| title | Modelling Debris Flow Runout: A Case Study on the Mesilau Watershed, Kundasang, Sabah |
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