Effects of Wood Ash Application on Tree Nutrition and Soil Dynamics in a Pinus taeda System
Abstract Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay so...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forest science 2021-10, Vol.67 (5), p.618-628 |
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| creator | de Quadros, Leonardo Packer Ducheiko, Henrique Almeida Santos Maeda, Shizuo Prior, Stephen Arthur Araújo, Eloá Moura Gomes, João Bosco Vasconcelos Bognola, Itamar Antonio Soares, Marcia Toffani Simão Magri, Ederlan Frigo, Cleiton Kawasaki, Alberto Motta, Antônio Carlos Vargas |
| description | Abstract
Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay soil in 2006. Five rates of wood ash (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 T ha−1) were applied to a P. taeda system. Soil chemical properties were evaluated three times at different depths. Tree growth (i.e., height, diameter at breast height, and commercial volume) and nutrition (needle elemental composition) were determined. After 11 years, litter accumulation and soil mobilization (bioturbation) were also evaluated. Ash application did not affect tree growth/yield or litter accumulation. A small reduction in soil acidity and increased bases in the upper soil layer were observed two years after ash application; this effect reached deeper layers after six years but retreated to shallower depths at 11 years. A soil amount of 14.6 m3 ha−1 year−1 was relocated closer to the soil surface due to bioturbation by edaphic fauna. The application of wood ash to forest soils appears to be an ecologically sound alternative for disposal of this industrial by-product. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/forsci/fxab030 |
| format | Article |
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Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay soil in 2006. Five rates of wood ash (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 T ha−1) were applied to a P. taeda system. Soil chemical properties were evaluated three times at different depths. Tree growth (i.e., height, diameter at breast height, and commercial volume) and nutrition (needle elemental composition) were determined. After 11 years, litter accumulation and soil mobilization (bioturbation) were also evaluated. Ash application did not affect tree growth/yield or litter accumulation. A small reduction in soil acidity and increased bases in the upper soil layer were observed two years after ash application; this effect reached deeper layers after six years but retreated to shallower depths at 11 years. A soil amount of 14.6 m3 ha−1 year−1 was relocated closer to the soil surface due to bioturbation by edaphic fauna. The application of wood ash to forest soils appears to be an ecologically sound alternative for disposal of this industrial by-product.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0015-749X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3738</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxab030</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Acidic soils ; Acidity ; Ashes ; Biomass ; Bioturbation ; Byproducts ; Chemical composition ; Chemical properties ; Clay soils ; Energy sources ; Environmental liability ; Forest biomass ; Forest soils ; Hardwoods ; Litter ; Nutrients ; Nutrition ; Pine needles ; Pine trees ; Pinus taeda ; Renewable energy ; Soil chemistry ; Soil dynamics ; Soil fertility ; Soil layers ; Soil properties ; Sustainability ; Trees ; Wood</subject><ispartof>Forest science, 2021-10, Vol.67 (5), p.618-628</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of American Foresters. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2021</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press Oct 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-6d3d8078dba9a4d1f12d63664faa3f070e2e8c4cdb5997189ca04c50a6b723e73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-6d3d8078dba9a4d1f12d63664faa3f070e2e8c4cdb5997189ca04c50a6b723e73</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1750-6326 ; 0000-0001-7292-6492 ; 0000-0002-7096-6666 ; 0000-0001-9922-2639</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1578,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>de Quadros, Leonardo Packer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ducheiko, Henrique Almeida Santos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Shizuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prior, Stephen Arthur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Araújo, Eloá Moura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gomes, João Bosco Vasconcelos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bognola, Itamar Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soares, Marcia Toffani Simão</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magri, Ederlan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frigo, Cleiton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawasaki, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motta, Antônio Carlos Vargas</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Wood Ash Application on Tree Nutrition and Soil Dynamics in a Pinus taeda System</title><title>Forest science</title><description>Abstract
Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay soil in 2006. Five rates of wood ash (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 T ha−1) were applied to a P. taeda system. Soil chemical properties were evaluated three times at different depths. Tree growth (i.e., height, diameter at breast height, and commercial volume) and nutrition (needle elemental composition) were determined. After 11 years, litter accumulation and soil mobilization (bioturbation) were also evaluated. Ash application did not affect tree growth/yield or litter accumulation. A small reduction in soil acidity and increased bases in the upper soil layer were observed two years after ash application; this effect reached deeper layers after six years but retreated to shallower depths at 11 years. A soil amount of 14.6 m3 ha−1 year−1 was relocated closer to the soil surface due to bioturbation by edaphic fauna. The application of wood ash to forest soils appears to be an ecologically sound alternative for disposal of this industrial by-product.</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Acidic soils</subject><subject>Acidity</subject><subject>Ashes</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Bioturbation</subject><subject>Byproducts</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Clay soils</subject><subject>Energy sources</subject><subject>Environmental liability</subject><subject>Forest biomass</subject><subject>Forest soils</subject><subject>Hardwoods</subject><subject>Litter</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Pine needles</subject><subject>Pine trees</subject><subject>Pinus taeda</subject><subject>Renewable energy</subject><subject>Soil chemistry</subject><subject>Soil dynamics</subject><subject>Soil fertility</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil 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of Wood Ash Application on Tree Nutrition and Soil Dynamics in a Pinus taeda System</title><author>de Quadros, Leonardo Packer ; Ducheiko, Henrique Almeida Santos ; Maeda, Shizuo ; Prior, Stephen Arthur ; Araújo, Eloá Moura ; Gomes, João Bosco Vasconcelos ; Bognola, Itamar Antonio ; Soares, Marcia Toffani Simão ; Magri, Ederlan ; Frigo, Cleiton ; Kawasaki, Alberto ; Motta, Antônio Carlos Vargas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-6d3d8078dba9a4d1f12d63664faa3f070e2e8c4cdb5997189ca04c50a6b723e73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Acidic soils</topic><topic>Acidity</topic><topic>Ashes</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Bioturbation</topic><topic>Byproducts</topic><topic>Chemical composition</topic><topic>Chemical properties</topic><topic>Clay soils</topic><topic>Energy sources</topic><topic>Environmental 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Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay soil in 2006. Five rates of wood ash (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 T ha−1) were applied to a P. taeda system. Soil chemical properties were evaluated three times at different depths. Tree growth (i.e., height, diameter at breast height, and commercial volume) and nutrition (needle elemental composition) were determined. After 11 years, litter accumulation and soil mobilization (bioturbation) were also evaluated. Ash application did not affect tree growth/yield or litter accumulation. A small reduction in soil acidity and increased bases in the upper soil layer were observed two years after ash application; this effect reached deeper layers after six years but retreated to shallower depths at 11 years. A soil amount of 14.6 m3 ha−1 year−1 was relocated closer to the soil surface due to bioturbation by edaphic fauna. The application of wood ash to forest soils appears to be an ecologically sound alternative for disposal of this industrial by-product.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/forsci/fxab030</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-6326</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7292-6492</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7096-6666</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9922-2639</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Forest science, 2021-10, Vol.67 (5), p.618-628 |
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| subjects | Accumulation Acidic soils Acidity Ashes Biomass Bioturbation Byproducts Chemical composition Chemical properties Clay soils Energy sources Environmental liability Forest biomass Forest soils Hardwoods Litter Nutrients Nutrition Pine needles Pine trees Pinus taeda Renewable energy Soil chemistry Soil dynamics Soil fertility Soil layers Soil properties Sustainability Trees Wood |
| title | Effects of Wood Ash Application on Tree Nutrition and Soil Dynamics in a Pinus taeda System |
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