On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α - κ - μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models
This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO l...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE access 2021, Vol.9, p.133849-133860 |
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| description | This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO links undergo ( \alpha -\kappa -\mu )-shadowed fading and unified Málaga turbulence with pointing error. The secrecy performance of the mixed system is studied by deriving closed-form analytical expressions of secure outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and intercept probability (IP). Besides, we also derive the asymptotic SOP, SPSC, and IP upon utilizing the unfolding of Meijer's G function where the electrical SNR of the FSO link tends to infinity. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to corroborate the analytical expressions. Our results illustrate that fading, shadowing, detection techniques (i.e. heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)), atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error significantly affect the secrecy performance. In addition, better performance is obtained exploiting the HD technique at the destination relative to IM/DD technique. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3113010 |
| format | Article |
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S. M. ; Islam, S. M. Riazul ; Islam, Sheikh Habibul ; Kundu, Milton Kumar ; Ansari, Imran Shafique ; Kwak, Kyung-Sup</creator><creatorcontrib>Sarker, Noor Ahmad ; Badrudduza, A. S. M. ; Islam, S. M. Riazul ; Islam, Sheikh Habibul ; Kundu, Milton Kumar ; Ansari, Imran Shafique ; Kwak, Kyung-Sup</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO links undergo (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\alpha -\kappa -\mu </tex-math></inline-formula>)-shadowed fading and unified Málaga turbulence with pointing error. The secrecy performance of the mixed system is studied by deriving closed-form analytical expressions of secure outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and intercept probability (IP). Besides, we also derive the asymptotic SOP, SPSC, and IP upon utilizing the unfolding of Meijer's <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">G </tex-math></inline-formula> function where the electrical SNR of the FSO link tends to infinity. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to corroborate the analytical expressions. Our results illustrate that fading, shadowing, detection techniques (i.e. heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)), atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error significantly affect the secrecy performance. In addition, better performance is obtained exploiting the HD technique at the destination relative to IM/DD technique.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3113010</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IAECCG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>Adaptive optics ; Atmospheric modeling ; Atmospheric models ; Atmospheric turbulence ; Exact solutions ; Fading ; Fading channels ; Intercept probability ; IP networks ; Mathematical analysis ; Málaga turbulence ; Optical communication ; physical layer security ; Radio frequency ; Relay ; Relaying ; Relays ; secure outage probability ; Wireless communication</subject><ispartof>IEEE access, 2021, Vol.9, p.133849-133860</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-ea613f2b2279ed145a9de10ff67cdcf47f6b02834c18bbf9ff0cbf140b8d91d33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-ea613f2b2279ed145a9de10ff67cdcf47f6b02834c18bbf9ff0cbf140b8d91d33</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0895-4450 ; 0000-0001-8461-6547 ; 0000-0002-9559-4352 ; 0000-0002-8697-6666 ; 0000-0001-5151-8545 ; 0000-0003-2968-9561</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9540216$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,2100,4022,27632,27922,27923,27924,54932</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sarker, Noor Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Badrudduza, A. S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, S. M. Riazul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, Sheikh Habibul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kundu, Milton Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ansari, Imran Shafique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwak, Kyung-Sup</creatorcontrib><title>On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α - κ - μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models</title><title>IEEE access</title><addtitle>Access</addtitle><description><![CDATA[This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO links undergo (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\alpha -\kappa -\mu </tex-math></inline-formula>)-shadowed fading and unified Málaga turbulence with pointing error. The secrecy performance of the mixed system is studied by deriving closed-form analytical expressions of secure outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and intercept probability (IP). Besides, we also derive the asymptotic SOP, SPSC, and IP upon utilizing the unfolding of Meijer's <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">G </tex-math></inline-formula> function where the electrical SNR of the FSO link tends to infinity. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to corroborate the analytical expressions. Our results illustrate that fading, shadowing, detection techniques (i.e. heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)), atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error significantly affect the secrecy performance. In addition, better performance is obtained exploiting the HD technique at the destination relative to IM/DD technique.]]></description><subject>Adaptive optics</subject><subject>Atmospheric modeling</subject><subject>Atmospheric models</subject><subject>Atmospheric turbulence</subject><subject>Exact solutions</subject><subject>Fading</subject><subject>Fading channels</subject><subject>Intercept probability</subject><subject>IP networks</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Málaga turbulence</subject><subject>Optical communication</subject><subject>physical layer security</subject><subject>Radio frequency</subject><subject>Relay</subject><subject>Relaying</subject><subject>Relays</subject><subject>secure outage probability</subject><subject>Wireless communication</subject><issn>2169-3536</issn><issn>2169-3536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ESBDL</sourceid><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUU2LFDEQbUTBZd1fsJeAFz30mK9OOsdhWHVghxFmPYd8VGZ7aDtjkkbn5_gTvIo37_ub7LGXxTpUFY_3XkG9qromeEEIVu-Wq9XNbregmJIFI4Rhgp9VF5QIVbOGief_7S-rq5wPeKp2ghp5UY3bAZV7QOuhQHJwLOhTitbYru_KCZnBox24MQHajsXsAS0H059yl1EMaNN9B4_ePPxENXr4dW6_39a7e-Pjtwk_azd_fvRmb9DdmOzYw1DQJnro86vqRTB9hqvHeVl9fn9zt_pY324_rFfL29px3JYajCAsUEupVOAJb4zyQHAIQjrvApdBWExbxh1prQ0qBOxsIBzb1iviGbus1rOvj-agj6n7YtJJR9Ppf0BMe21S6VwPmjJMZUsa6a3hPnAjQGDDJMMiSCfU5PV69jqm-HWEXPQhjml6R9a0kYpzzKScWGxmuRRzThCerhKsz3HpOS59jks_xjWprmdVBwBPCtXwiSTYX4lYkjY</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Sarker, Noor Ahmad</creator><creator>Badrudduza, A. 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(IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>ESBDL</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-4450</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-6547</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-4352</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-6666</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-8545</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-9561</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α - κ - μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models</title><author>Sarker, Noor Ahmad ; Badrudduza, A. S. M. ; Islam, S. M. Riazul ; Islam, Sheikh Habibul ; Kundu, Milton Kumar ; Ansari, Imran Shafique ; Kwak, Kyung-Sup</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-ea613f2b2279ed145a9de10ff67cdcf47f6b02834c18bbf9ff0cbf140b8d91d33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adaptive optics</topic><topic>Atmospheric modeling</topic><topic>Atmospheric models</topic><topic>Atmospheric turbulence</topic><topic>Exact solutions</topic><topic>Fading</topic><topic>Fading channels</topic><topic>Intercept probability</topic><topic>IP networks</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Málaga turbulence</topic><topic>Optical communication</topic><topic>physical layer security</topic><topic>Radio frequency</topic><topic>Relay</topic><topic>Relaying</topic><topic>Relays</topic><topic>secure outage probability</topic><topic>Wireless communication</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sarker, Noor Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Badrudduza, A. S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, S. M. 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S. M.</au><au>Islam, S. M. Riazul</au><au>Islam, Sheikh Habibul</au><au>Kundu, Milton Kumar</au><au>Ansari, Imran Shafique</au><au>Kwak, Kyung-Sup</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α - κ - μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models</atitle><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle><stitle>Access</stitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>9</volume><spage>133849</spage><epage>133860</epage><pages>133849-133860</pages><issn>2169-3536</issn><eissn>2169-3536</eissn><coden>IAECCG</coden><abstract><![CDATA[This work deals with the secrecy performance analysis of a dual-hop RF-FSO DF relaying network composed of a source, a relay, a destination, and an eavesdropper. We assume the eavesdropper is located close to the destination and overhears the relay's transmitted optical signal. The RF and FSO links undergo (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\alpha -\kappa -\mu </tex-math></inline-formula>)-shadowed fading and unified Málaga turbulence with pointing error. The secrecy performance of the mixed system is studied by deriving closed-form analytical expressions of secure outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and intercept probability (IP). Besides, we also derive the asymptotic SOP, SPSC, and IP upon utilizing the unfolding of Meijer's <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">G </tex-math></inline-formula> function where the electrical SNR of the FSO link tends to infinity. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to corroborate the analytical expressions. Our results illustrate that fading, shadowing, detection techniques (i.e. heterodyne detection (HD) and intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)), atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error significantly affect the secrecy performance. In addition, better performance is obtained exploiting the HD technique at the destination relative to IM/DD technique.]]></abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3113010</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-4450</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-6547</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-4352</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-6666</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-8545</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-9561</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptive optics Atmospheric modeling Atmospheric models Atmospheric turbulence Exact solutions Fading Fading channels Intercept probability IP networks Mathematical analysis Málaga turbulence Optical communication physical layer security Radio frequency Relay Relaying Relays secure outage probability Wireless communication |
| title | On the Intercept Probability and Secure Outage Analysis of Mixed (α - κ - μ)-Shadowed and Málaga Turbulent Models |
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