Revisiting Astrocytic Roles in Methylmercury Intoxication
Intoxication by heavy metals such as methylmercury (MeHg) is recognized as a global health problem, with strong implications in central nervous system pathologies. Most of these neuropathological conditions involve vascular, neurotransmitter recycling, and oxidative balance disruption leading to acc...
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creator | Arrifano, Gabriela de Paula Augusto-Oliveira, Marcus Souza-Monteiro, José Rogério Macchi, Barbarella de Matos Lima, Rafael Rodrigues Suñol, Cristina do Nascimento, José Luis Martins Crespo-Lopez, Maria Elena |
description | Intoxication by heavy metals such as methylmercury (MeHg) is recognized as a global health problem, with strong implications in central nervous system pathologies. Most of these neuropathological conditions involve vascular, neurotransmitter recycling, and oxidative balance disruption leading to accelerated decline in fine balance, and learning, memory, and visual processes as main outcomes. Besides neurons, astrocytes are involved in virtually all the brain processes and perform important roles in neurological response following injuries. Due to astrocytes’ strategic functions in brain homeostasis, these cells became the subject of several studies on MeHg intoxication. The most heterogenous glial cells, astrocytes, are composed of plenty of receptors and transporters to dialogue with neurons and other cells and to monitor extracellular environment responding tightly through fluctuation of cytosolic ions. The overall toxicity of MeHg might be determined on the basis of the balance between MeHg-mediated injury to neurons and protective responses from astrocytes. Although the role of neurons in MeHg intoxication is relatively well-established, the role of the astrocytes is only beginning to be understood. In this review, we update the information on astroglial modulation of the MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, providing remarks on their protective and deleterious roles and insights for future studies. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12035-021-02420-y |
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Most of these neuropathological conditions involve vascular, neurotransmitter recycling, and oxidative balance disruption leading to accelerated decline in fine balance, and learning, memory, and visual processes as main outcomes. Besides neurons, astrocytes are involved in virtually all the brain processes and perform important roles in neurological response following injuries. Due to astrocytes’ strategic functions in brain homeostasis, these cells became the subject of several studies on MeHg intoxication. The most heterogenous glial cells, astrocytes, are composed of plenty of receptors and transporters to dialogue with neurons and other cells and to monitor extracellular environment responding tightly through fluctuation of cytosolic ions. The overall toxicity of MeHg might be determined on the basis of the balance between MeHg-mediated injury to neurons and protective responses from astrocytes. Although the role of neurons in MeHg intoxication is relatively well-established, the role of the astrocytes is only beginning to be understood. In this review, we update the information on astroglial modulation of the MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, providing remarks on their protective and deleterious roles and insights for future studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0893-7648</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1559-1182</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02420-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33990914</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Astrocytes ; Astrocytes - drug effects ; Astrocytes - pathology ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - pathology ; Brain injury ; Cell Biology ; Central nervous system ; Dimethylmercury ; Glial cells ; Heavy metals ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Intoxication ; Memory ; Methylmercury Compounds - toxicity ; Neurobiology ; Neurology ; Neuromodulation ; Neurons ; Neurons - drug effects ; Neurons - pathology ; Neurosciences ; Neurotoxicity ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes - pathology ; Public health ; Roles ; Visual discrimination learning</subject><ispartof>Molecular neurobiology, 2021-09, Vol.58 (9), p.4293-4308</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-a69cca8935440a3ece5f06ed47241baa62229cca001f38cfde147ccf8b8d7b003</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-a69cca8935440a3ece5f06ed47241baa62229cca001f38cfde147ccf8b8d7b003</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9367-8483 ; 0000-0002-4772-9929 ; 0000-0003-1486-4013 ; 0000-0003-2817-3539 ; 0000-0002-1335-6853 ; 0000-0002-4511-7312</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12035-021-02420-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12035-021-02420-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33990914$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Arrifano, Gabriela de Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Augusto-Oliveira, Marcus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souza-Monteiro, José Rogério</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macchi, Barbarella de Matos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima, Rafael Rodrigues</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suñol, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>do Nascimento, José Luis Martins</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crespo-Lopez, Maria Elena</creatorcontrib><title>Revisiting Astrocytic Roles in Methylmercury Intoxication</title><title>Molecular neurobiology</title><addtitle>Mol Neurobiol</addtitle><addtitle>Mol Neurobiol</addtitle><description>Intoxication by heavy metals such as methylmercury (MeHg) is recognized as a global health problem, with strong implications in central nervous system pathologies. Most of these neuropathological conditions involve vascular, neurotransmitter recycling, and oxidative balance disruption leading to accelerated decline in fine balance, and learning, memory, and visual processes as main outcomes. Besides neurons, astrocytes are involved in virtually all the brain processes and perform important roles in neurological response following injuries. Due to astrocytes’ strategic functions in brain homeostasis, these cells became the subject of several studies on MeHg intoxication. The most heterogenous glial cells, astrocytes, are composed of plenty of receptors and transporters to dialogue with neurons and other cells and to monitor extracellular environment responding tightly through fluctuation of cytosolic ions. The overall toxicity of MeHg might be determined on the basis of the balance between MeHg-mediated injury to neurons and protective responses from astrocytes. Although the role of neurons in MeHg intoxication is relatively well-established, the role of the astrocytes is only beginning to be understood. In this review, we update the information on astroglial modulation of the MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, providing remarks on their protective and deleterious roles and insights for future studies.</description><subject>Astrocytes</subject><subject>Astrocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Astrocytes - pathology</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Brain - drug effects</subject><subject>Brain - pathology</subject><subject>Brain injury</subject><subject>Cell Biology</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>Dimethylmercury</subject><subject>Glial cells</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intoxication</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Methylmercury Compounds - toxicity</subject><subject>Neurobiology</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuromodulation</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - drug 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Astrocytic Roles in Methylmercury Intoxication</title><author>Arrifano, Gabriela de Paula ; Augusto-Oliveira, Marcus ; Souza-Monteiro, José Rogério ; Macchi, Barbarella de Matos ; Lima, Rafael Rodrigues ; Suñol, Cristina ; do Nascimento, José Luis Martins ; Crespo-Lopez, Maria Elena</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-a69cca8935440a3ece5f06ed47241baa62229cca001f38cfde147ccf8b8d7b003</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Astrocytes</topic><topic>Astrocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Astrocytes - pathology</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Brain - drug effects</topic><topic>Brain - pathology</topic><topic>Brain injury</topic><topic>Cell Biology</topic><topic>Central nervous system</topic><topic>Dimethylmercury</topic><topic>Glial cells</topic><topic>Heavy 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Barbarella de Matos</au><au>Lima, Rafael Rodrigues</au><au>Suñol, Cristina</au><au>do Nascimento, José Luis Martins</au><au>Crespo-Lopez, Maria Elena</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Revisiting Astrocytic Roles in Methylmercury Intoxication</atitle><jtitle>Molecular neurobiology</jtitle><stitle>Mol Neurobiol</stitle><addtitle>Mol Neurobiol</addtitle><date>2021-09-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>4293</spage><epage>4308</epage><pages>4293-4308</pages><issn>0893-7648</issn><eissn>1559-1182</eissn><abstract>Intoxication by heavy metals such as methylmercury (MeHg) is recognized as a global health problem, with strong implications in central nervous system pathologies. Most of these neuropathological conditions involve vascular, neurotransmitter recycling, and oxidative balance disruption leading to accelerated decline in fine balance, and learning, memory, and visual processes as main outcomes. Besides neurons, astrocytes are involved in virtually all the brain processes and perform important roles in neurological response following injuries. Due to astrocytes’ strategic functions in brain homeostasis, these cells became the subject of several studies on MeHg intoxication. The most heterogenous glial cells, astrocytes, are composed of plenty of receptors and transporters to dialogue with neurons and other cells and to monitor extracellular environment responding tightly through fluctuation of cytosolic ions. The overall toxicity of MeHg might be determined on the basis of the balance between MeHg-mediated injury to neurons and protective responses from astrocytes. Although the role of neurons in MeHg intoxication is relatively well-established, the role of the astrocytes is only beginning to be understood. In this review, we update the information on astroglial modulation of the MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, providing remarks on their protective and deleterious roles and insights for future studies.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>33990914</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12035-021-02420-y</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9367-8483</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-9929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4013</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-3539</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-6853</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-7312</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Astrocytes Astrocytes - drug effects Astrocytes - pathology Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Brain - drug effects Brain - pathology Brain injury Cell Biology Central nervous system Dimethylmercury Glial cells Heavy metals Homeostasis Humans Intoxication Memory Methylmercury Compounds - toxicity Neurobiology Neurology Neuromodulation Neurons Neurons - drug effects Neurons - pathology Neurosciences Neurotoxicity Neurotoxicity Syndromes - pathology Public health Roles Visual discrimination learning |
title | Revisiting Astrocytic Roles in Methylmercury Intoxication |
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