Finding Species-Specific Extracellular Surface-Facing Proteomes in Toxic Dinoflagellates
As a sequel to our previous report of the existence of species-specific protein/peptide expression profiles (PEPs) acquired by mass spectrometry in some dinoflagellates, we established, with the help of a plasma-membrane-impermeable labeling agent, a surface amphiesmal protein extraction method (SAP...
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description | As a sequel to our previous report of the existence of species-specific protein/peptide expression profiles (PEPs) acquired by mass spectrometry in some dinoflagellates, we established, with the help of a plasma-membrane-impermeable labeling agent, a surface amphiesmal protein extraction method (SAPE) to label and capture species-specific surface proteins (SSSPs) as well as saxitoxins-producing-species-specific surface proteins (Stx-SSPs) that face the extracellular space (i.e., SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
). Five selected toxic dinoflagellates,
,
and
were used in this study. Transcriptomic databases of these five species were also constructed. With the aid of liquid chromatography linked-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the transcriptomic databases of these species, extracellularly facing membrane proteomes of the five different species were identified. Within these proteomes, 16 extracellular-facing and functionally significant transport proteins were found. Furthermore, 10 SSSPs and 6 Stx-SSPs were identified as amphiesmal proteins but not facing outward to the extracellular environment. We also found SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
in the proteomes. The potential functional correlation of these proteins towards the production of saxitoxins in dinoflagellates and the degree of species specificity were discussed accordingly. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/toxins13090624 |
format | Article |
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and Stx-SSPs
). Five selected toxic dinoflagellates,
,
and
were used in this study. Transcriptomic databases of these five species were also constructed. With the aid of liquid chromatography linked-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the transcriptomic databases of these species, extracellularly facing membrane proteomes of the five different species were identified. Within these proteomes, 16 extracellular-facing and functionally significant transport proteins were found. Furthermore, 10 SSSPs and 6 Stx-SSPs were identified as amphiesmal proteins but not facing outward to the extracellular environment. We also found SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
in the proteomes. The potential functional correlation of these proteins towards the production of saxitoxins in dinoflagellates and the degree of species specificity were discussed accordingly.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6651</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6651</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090624</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34564629</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Algal Proteins - chemistry ; cell surface labeling ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyanobacteria ; Dinoflagellata ; Dinoflagellates ; Dinoflagellida - chemistry ; Genomes ; Labeling ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Membranes ; Microorganisms ; Morphology ; orthogroup inference ; Peptides ; Poisoning ; Protein transport ; Proteins ; Proteome - chemistry ; Proteomes ; proteomics ; Protozoan Proteins - chemistry ; Reagents ; Shellfish ; Species ; Species Specificity ; Specific surface ; Spectroscopy ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; toxic dinoflagellates ; Water quality</subject><ispartof>Toxins, 2021-09, Vol.13 (9), p.624</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-d15a796c85ad39dd05837b309f84ffadaba187f77eb495f3a28c6968cb1814b53</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6204-5392</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473415/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473415/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34564629$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chan, Kenrick Kai-Yuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kong, Hang-Kin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tse, Sirius Pui-Kam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Zoe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Pak-Yeung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwok, Kevin W H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Samuel Chun-Lap</creatorcontrib><title>Finding Species-Specific Extracellular Surface-Facing Proteomes in Toxic Dinoflagellates</title><title>Toxins</title><addtitle>Toxins (Basel)</addtitle><description>As a sequel to our previous report of the existence of species-specific protein/peptide expression profiles (PEPs) acquired by mass spectrometry in some dinoflagellates, we established, with the help of a plasma-membrane-impermeable labeling agent, a surface amphiesmal protein extraction method (SAPE) to label and capture species-specific surface proteins (SSSPs) as well as saxitoxins-producing-species-specific surface proteins (Stx-SSPs) that face the extracellular space (i.e., SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
). Five selected toxic dinoflagellates,
,
and
were used in this study. Transcriptomic databases of these five species were also constructed. With the aid of liquid chromatography linked-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the transcriptomic databases of these species, extracellularly facing membrane proteomes of the five different species were identified. Within these proteomes, 16 extracellular-facing and functionally significant transport proteins were found. Furthermore, 10 SSSPs and 6 Stx-SSPs were identified as amphiesmal proteins but not facing outward to the extracellular environment. We also found SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
in the proteomes. The potential functional correlation of these proteins towards the production of saxitoxins in dinoflagellates and the degree of species specificity were discussed accordingly.</description><subject>Algal Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>cell surface labeling</subject><subject>Chromatography, Liquid</subject><subject>Cyanobacteria</subject><subject>Dinoflagellata</subject><subject>Dinoflagellates</subject><subject>Dinoflagellida - chemistry</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Labeling</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Membranes</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>orthogroup inference</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Poisoning</subject><subject>Protein transport</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteome - chemistry</subject><subject>Proteomes</subject><subject>proteomics</subject><subject>Protozoan Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>Reagents</subject><subject>Shellfish</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Specific surface</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>toxic dinoflagellates</subject><subject>Water 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Species-Specific Extracellular Surface-Facing Proteomes in Toxic Dinoflagellates</title><author>Chan, Kenrick Kai-Yuen ; Kong, Hang-Kin ; Tse, Sirius Pui-Kam ; Chan, Zoe ; Lo, Pak-Yeung ; Kwok, Kevin W H ; Lo, Samuel Chun-Lap</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-d15a796c85ad39dd05837b309f84ffadaba187f77eb495f3a28c6968cb1814b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Algal Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>cell surface labeling</topic><topic>Chromatography, Liquid</topic><topic>Cyanobacteria</topic><topic>Dinoflagellata</topic><topic>Dinoflagellates</topic><topic>Dinoflagellida - chemistry</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Labeling</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Membranes</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>orthogroup inference</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Poisoning</topic><topic>Protein transport</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Proteome - chemistry</topic><topic>Proteomes</topic><topic>proteomics</topic><topic>Protozoan Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>Reagents</topic><topic>Shellfish</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Specific surface</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>toxic dinoflagellates</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chan, Kenrick Kai-Yuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kong, Hang-Kin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tse, Sirius Pui-Kam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Zoe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Pak-Yeung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwok, Kevin W H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Samuel 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Chun-Lap</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Finding Species-Specific Extracellular Surface-Facing Proteomes in Toxic Dinoflagellates</atitle><jtitle>Toxins</jtitle><addtitle>Toxins (Basel)</addtitle><date>2021-09-06</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>624</spage><pages>624-</pages><issn>2072-6651</issn><eissn>2072-6651</eissn><abstract>As a sequel to our previous report of the existence of species-specific protein/peptide expression profiles (PEPs) acquired by mass spectrometry in some dinoflagellates, we established, with the help of a plasma-membrane-impermeable labeling agent, a surface amphiesmal protein extraction method (SAPE) to label and capture species-specific surface proteins (SSSPs) as well as saxitoxins-producing-species-specific surface proteins (Stx-SSPs) that face the extracellular space (i.e., SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
). Five selected toxic dinoflagellates,
,
and
were used in this study. Transcriptomic databases of these five species were also constructed. With the aid of liquid chromatography linked-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the transcriptomic databases of these species, extracellularly facing membrane proteomes of the five different species were identified. Within these proteomes, 16 extracellular-facing and functionally significant transport proteins were found. Furthermore, 10 SSSPs and 6 Stx-SSPs were identified as amphiesmal proteins but not facing outward to the extracellular environment. We also found SSSPs
and Stx-SSPs
in the proteomes. The potential functional correlation of these proteins towards the production of saxitoxins in dinoflagellates and the degree of species specificity were discussed accordingly.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34564629</pmid><doi>10.3390/toxins13090624</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-5392</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Algal Proteins - chemistry cell surface labeling Chromatography, Liquid Cyanobacteria Dinoflagellata Dinoflagellates Dinoflagellida - chemistry Genomes Labeling Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Membranes Microorganisms Morphology orthogroup inference Peptides Poisoning Protein transport Proteins Proteome - chemistry Proteomes proteomics Protozoan Proteins - chemistry Reagents Shellfish Species Species Specificity Specific surface Spectroscopy Tandem Mass Spectrometry toxic dinoflagellates Water quality |
title | Finding Species-Specific Extracellular Surface-Facing Proteomes in Toxic Dinoflagellates |
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