Application of Lignite Combustion Waste Slag Generated in Heating Plants as a Partial Replacement for Cement. Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete
The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Minerals (Basel) 2021-09, Vol.11 (9), p.925 |
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| creator | Kragović, Milan Ristić, Nenad Gulicovski, Jelena Nedeljković, Andrijana Pašalić, Snežana Ristović, Ivica Stojmenović, Marija |
| description | The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with waste slag and silica fumes in mortars and concrete production. Detailed physical–mechanical characterization was performed on the mortar and concrete samples according to standard procedures. Test results indicated that the replacement of cement with slag and silica fumes reduces the physical and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete, but cement composites retained the required structural properties. If 15–20% is considered an acceptable level of compressive strength decrease, then it can be concluded that waste slag can be implemented in practice and be used as a construction material, with cement replacement in the maximal amount of 20% (17.8% of slag and 2.2% of silica fumes). On hardened mortar samples with maximal possible cement replacement (20%), physical–chemical characterizations were performed and included X-ray and infrared spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Results showed the absence of new phases and the presence of only those which were characteristic for starting samples, predominantly portlandite, quartz, calcite and calcium silicate-oxide. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/min11090925 |
| format | Article |
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Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete</title><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Kragović, Milan ; Ristić, Nenad ; Gulicovski, Jelena ; Nedeljković, Andrijana ; Pašalić, Snežana ; Ristović, Ivica ; Stojmenović, Marija</creator><creatorcontrib>Kragović, Milan ; Ristić, Nenad ; Gulicovski, Jelena ; Nedeljković, Andrijana ; Pašalić, Snežana ; Ristović, Ivica ; Stojmenović, Marija</creatorcontrib><description>The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with waste slag and silica fumes in mortars and concrete production. Detailed physical–mechanical characterization was performed on the mortar and concrete samples according to standard procedures. Test results indicated that the replacement of cement with slag and silica fumes reduces the physical and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete, but cement composites retained the required structural properties. If 15–20% is considered an acceptable level of compressive strength decrease, then it can be concluded that waste slag can be implemented in practice and be used as a construction material, with cement replacement in the maximal amount of 20% (17.8% of slag and 2.2% of silica fumes). On hardened mortar samples with maximal possible cement replacement (20%), physical–chemical characterizations were performed and included X-ray and infrared spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Results showed the absence of new phases and the presence of only those which were characteristic for starting samples, predominantly portlandite, quartz, calcite and calcium silicate-oxide.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/min11090925</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Calcite ; Calcium ; Calcium oxide ; Calcium silicates ; Cement ; Coal ; Combustion ; Compressive strength ; Concrete ; Construction industry ; Construction materials ; Density ; Electron microscopy ; Environmental impact ; Fumes ; Gravity ; Hazardous materials ; Hazardous wastes ; Heating ; Heating equipment ; Heavy metals ; Infrared analysis ; Infrared spectrophotometers ; Landfill ; Lignite ; Lime ; Mechanical properties ; Mortars (material) ; Physical properties ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Silica ; Silicates ; Silicon dioxide ; Slag ; Spectrophotometry ; Thermal analysis</subject><ispartof>Minerals (Basel), 2021-09, Vol.11 (9), p.925</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-9082867f16871140b94b84407cc53ecd7abf72f2a43e46ca5c2e07b1a38ed74c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-9082867f16871140b94b84407cc53ecd7abf72f2a43e46ca5c2e07b1a38ed74c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0286-9079 ; 0000-0002-8201-892X ; 0000-0003-1564-1217 ; 0000-0001-5553-8236</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kragović, Milan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ristić, Nenad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gulicovski, Jelena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nedeljković, Andrijana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pašalić, Snežana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ristović, Ivica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stojmenović, Marija</creatorcontrib><title>Application of Lignite Combustion Waste Slag Generated in Heating Plants as a Partial Replacement for Cement. Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete</title><title>Minerals (Basel)</title><description>The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with waste slag and silica fumes in mortars and concrete production. Detailed physical–mechanical characterization was performed on the mortar and concrete samples according to standard procedures. Test results indicated that the replacement of cement with slag and silica fumes reduces the physical and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete, but cement composites retained the required structural properties. If 15–20% is considered an acceptable level of compressive strength decrease, then it can be concluded that waste slag can be implemented in practice and be used as a construction material, with cement replacement in the maximal amount of 20% (17.8% of slag and 2.2% of silica fumes). On hardened mortar samples with maximal possible cement replacement (20%), physical–chemical characterizations were performed and included X-ray and infrared spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Results showed the absence of new phases and the presence of only those which were characteristic for starting samples, predominantly portlandite, quartz, calcite and calcium silicate-oxide.</description><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium oxide</subject><subject>Calcium silicates</subject><subject>Cement</subject><subject>Coal</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Concrete</subject><subject>Construction industry</subject><subject>Construction materials</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Electron microscopy</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Fumes</subject><subject>Gravity</subject><subject>Hazardous materials</subject><subject>Hazardous wastes</subject><subject>Heating</subject><subject>Heating equipment</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Infrared analysis</subject><subject>Infrared spectrophotometers</subject><subject>Landfill</subject><subject>Lignite</subject><subject>Lime</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Mortars (material)</subject><subject>Physical properties</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Silica</subject><subject>Silicates</subject><subject>Silicon dioxide</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Spectrophotometry</subject><subject>Thermal analysis</subject><issn>2075-163X</issn><issn>2075-163X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUc1q20AQXkoKDW5OfYGFHoOd_ZG0Um5GNI7BoSZtaW9itBrZG6RddXd9SE55h7xWniJPUkUpwcPAfPPNLzOEfOFsIWXBLnpjOWcFK0T6gZwKptI5z-SfkyP8iZyFcMdGKbjMU3FKnpfD0BkN0ThLXUs3ZmdNRFq6vj6Eif0NYSR-dLCjK7ToIWJDjaXXOFbZHd12YGOgMCrdgo8GOnqLQwcae7SRts7TcoKLKU7X60u63d-HcWz38vh0g3oP9tWhYJvjSLnHfuLLPXjQEb15eN_0xvkIfiopndUeI34mH1voAp79tzPy6-rbz_J6vvm-WpfLzVyLIo_zguUiz1TLs1xxnrC6SOo8SZjSOpWoGwV1q0QrIJGYZBpSLZCpmoPMsVGJljPy9a3v4N3fA4ZY3bmDt-PISqQqS1TKxmvPyPlblvYuBI9tNXjTg7-vOKteP1YdfUz-A4UhjcQ</recordid><startdate>20210901</startdate><enddate>20210901</enddate><creator>Kragović, Milan</creator><creator>Ristić, Nenad</creator><creator>Gulicovski, Jelena</creator><creator>Nedeljković, Andrijana</creator><creator>Pašalić, Snežana</creator><creator>Ristović, Ivica</creator><creator>Stojmenović, Marija</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0286-9079</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-892X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-1217</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-8236</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210901</creationdate><title>Application of Lignite Combustion Waste Slag Generated in Heating Plants as a Partial Replacement for Cement. 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Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete</atitle><jtitle>Minerals (Basel)</jtitle><date>2021-09-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>925</spage><pages>925-</pages><issn>2075-163X</issn><eissn>2075-163X</eissn><abstract>The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with waste slag and silica fumes in mortars and concrete production. Detailed physical–mechanical characterization was performed on the mortar and concrete samples according to standard procedures. Test results indicated that the replacement of cement with slag and silica fumes reduces the physical and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete, but cement composites retained the required structural properties. If 15–20% is considered an acceptable level of compressive strength decrease, then it can be concluded that waste slag can be implemented in practice and be used as a construction material, with cement replacement in the maximal amount of 20% (17.8% of slag and 2.2% of silica fumes). On hardened mortar samples with maximal possible cement replacement (20%), physical–chemical characterizations were performed and included X-ray and infrared spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. 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| subjects | Calcite Calcium Calcium oxide Calcium silicates Cement Coal Combustion Compressive strength Concrete Construction industry Construction materials Density Electron microscopy Environmental impact Fumes Gravity Hazardous materials Hazardous wastes Heating Heating equipment Heavy metals Infrared analysis Infrared spectrophotometers Landfill Lignite Lime Mechanical properties Mortars (material) Physical properties Scanning electron microscopy Silica Silicates Silicon dioxide Slag Spectrophotometry Thermal analysis |
| title | Application of Lignite Combustion Waste Slag Generated in Heating Plants as a Partial Replacement for Cement. Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete |
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