Strategies for integrating sexually propagated corals into Caribbean reef restoration: experimental results and considerations
Caribbean hard coral cover has decreased by more than 80% in the last 40 years. In response, active coral restoration has grown in popularity as a management tool to sustain degraded reefs. To date, the majority of coral outplanting has employed asexually propagated ramets derived from wild donor co...
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description | Caribbean hard coral cover has decreased by more than 80% in the last 40 years. In response, active coral restoration has grown in popularity as a management tool to sustain degraded reefs. To date, the majority of coral outplanting has employed asexually propagated ramets derived from wild donor colonies. Unfortunately, this strategy is incapable of increasing genetic diversity and limits the adaptive potential of restored coral populations. Methods for sexual propagation in land-based systems offer increasing potential to enhance genetic diversity of target species. However, questions regarding coral performance once placed back into the dynamic marine environment must be considered. Thus, focused experiments to optimize the integration of land reared corals and novel genetic diversity are of immense value. For this reason, we designed a study using two
Acropora cervicornis
year classes produced in a land-based system and concurrently relocated to an inshore patch reef, a back reef, and placed in an ocean-based nursery (
n
= 80 sexually propagated colonies per location). A deliberate monitoring strategy measured growth and survival five times over a 480-day period. Major findings were 1) high survival rates (~ 73%) across all 160 outplanted colonies 2) significant differences in survival between outplanting locations and coral recruit year class, and 3) very high survival of sexually propagated corals relocated to the ocean-based nursery (~ 93% overall), with 40-fold greater growth than direct-outplanted colonies. Our study suggests that ex situ sexual coral propagation offers a tractable tool to meet the need for increased
A. cervicornis
genetic diversity. Lastly, we offer insight and considerations for managing the high input of novel genotypes into restoration systems and suggest further research to maximize the adaptive potential of coral populations. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00338-021-02154-2 |
format | Article |
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Acropora cervicornis
year classes produced in a land-based system and concurrently relocated to an inshore patch reef, a back reef, and placed in an ocean-based nursery (
n
= 80 sexually propagated colonies per location). A deliberate monitoring strategy measured growth and survival five times over a 480-day period. Major findings were 1) high survival rates (~ 73%) across all 160 outplanted colonies 2) significant differences in survival between outplanting locations and coral recruit year class, and 3) very high survival of sexually propagated corals relocated to the ocean-based nursery (~ 93% overall), with 40-fold greater growth than direct-outplanted colonies. Our study suggests that ex situ sexual coral propagation offers a tractable tool to meet the need for increased
A. cervicornis
genetic diversity. Lastly, we offer insight and considerations for managing the high input of novel genotypes into restoration systems and suggest further research to maximize the adaptive potential of coral populations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0722-4028</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0975</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00338-021-02154-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Back propagation ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Colonies ; Coral reefs ; Corals ; Freshwater & Marine Ecology ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic variation ; Genotypes ; Life Sciences ; Marine environment ; Marine invertebrates ; Nurseries ; Nursery grounds ; Oceanography ; Populations ; Ramets ; Reefs ; Restoration ; Species diversity ; Survival ; Year class</subject><ispartof>Coral reefs, 2021-10, Vol.40 (5), p.1667-1677</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-aff1a57c2f8a96a0100e74b5945648072a860fb632d8e5b21ed0ff3fef3ecc23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-aff1a57c2f8a96a0100e74b5945648072a860fb632d8e5b21ed0ff3fef3ecc23</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0941-2154 ; 0000-0001-6843-2094 ; 0000-0001-6578-7092 ; 0000-0001-8994-1648</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00338-021-02154-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00338-021-02154-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Henry, Joseph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Neil, Keri L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilnick, Aaron R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patterson, Joshua T.</creatorcontrib><title>Strategies for integrating sexually propagated corals into Caribbean reef restoration: experimental results and considerations</title><title>Coral reefs</title><addtitle>Coral Reefs</addtitle><description>Caribbean hard coral cover has decreased by more than 80% in the last 40 years. In response, active coral restoration has grown in popularity as a management tool to sustain degraded reefs. To date, the majority of coral outplanting has employed asexually propagated ramets derived from wild donor colonies. Unfortunately, this strategy is incapable of increasing genetic diversity and limits the adaptive potential of restored coral populations. Methods for sexual propagation in land-based systems offer increasing potential to enhance genetic diversity of target species. However, questions regarding coral performance once placed back into the dynamic marine environment must be considered. Thus, focused experiments to optimize the integration of land reared corals and novel genetic diversity are of immense value. For this reason, we designed a study using two
Acropora cervicornis
year classes produced in a land-based system and concurrently relocated to an inshore patch reef, a back reef, and placed in an ocean-based nursery (
n
= 80 sexually propagated colonies per location). A deliberate monitoring strategy measured growth and survival five times over a 480-day period. Major findings were 1) high survival rates (~ 73%) across all 160 outplanted colonies 2) significant differences in survival between outplanting locations and coral recruit year class, and 3) very high survival of sexually propagated corals relocated to the ocean-based nursery (~ 93% overall), with 40-fold greater growth than direct-outplanted colonies. Our study suggests that ex situ sexual coral propagation offers a tractable tool to meet the need for increased
A. cervicornis
genetic diversity. 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O’Neil, Keri L. ; Pilnick, Aaron R. ; Patterson, Joshua T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-aff1a57c2f8a96a0100e74b5945648072a860fb632d8e5b21ed0ff3fef3ecc23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Back propagation</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Colonies</topic><topic>Coral reefs</topic><topic>Corals</topic><topic>Freshwater & Marine Ecology</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genetic variation</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Marine environment</topic><topic>Marine invertebrates</topic><topic>Nurseries</topic><topic>Nursery grounds</topic><topic>Oceanography</topic><topic>Populations</topic><topic>Ramets</topic><topic>Reefs</topic><topic>Restoration</topic><topic>Species diversity</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Year class</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Henry, Joseph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Neil, Keri L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilnick, Aaron R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patterson, Joshua T.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Coral reefs</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Henry, Joseph A.</au><au>O’Neil, Keri L.</au><au>Pilnick, Aaron R.</au><au>Patterson, Joshua T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Strategies for integrating sexually propagated corals into Caribbean reef restoration: experimental results and considerations</atitle><jtitle>Coral reefs</jtitle><stitle>Coral Reefs</stitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1667</spage><epage>1677</epage><pages>1667-1677</pages><issn>0722-4028</issn><eissn>1432-0975</eissn><abstract>Caribbean hard coral cover has decreased by more than 80% in the last 40 years. In response, active coral restoration has grown in popularity as a management tool to sustain degraded reefs. To date, the majority of coral outplanting has employed asexually propagated ramets derived from wild donor colonies. Unfortunately, this strategy is incapable of increasing genetic diversity and limits the adaptive potential of restored coral populations. Methods for sexual propagation in land-based systems offer increasing potential to enhance genetic diversity of target species. However, questions regarding coral performance once placed back into the dynamic marine environment must be considered. Thus, focused experiments to optimize the integration of land reared corals and novel genetic diversity are of immense value. For this reason, we designed a study using two
Acropora cervicornis
year classes produced in a land-based system and concurrently relocated to an inshore patch reef, a back reef, and placed in an ocean-based nursery (
n
= 80 sexually propagated colonies per location). A deliberate monitoring strategy measured growth and survival five times over a 480-day period. Major findings were 1) high survival rates (~ 73%) across all 160 outplanted colonies 2) significant differences in survival between outplanting locations and coral recruit year class, and 3) very high survival of sexually propagated corals relocated to the ocean-based nursery (~ 93% overall), with 40-fold greater growth than direct-outplanted colonies. Our study suggests that ex situ sexual coral propagation offers a tractable tool to meet the need for increased
A. cervicornis
genetic diversity. Lastly, we offer insight and considerations for managing the high input of novel genotypes into restoration systems and suggest further research to maximize the adaptive potential of coral populations.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00338-021-02154-2</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-2154</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6843-2094</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6578-7092</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-1648</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Back propagation Biomedical and Life Sciences Colonies Coral reefs Corals Freshwater & Marine Ecology Genetic diversity Genetic variation Genotypes Life Sciences Marine environment Marine invertebrates Nurseries Nursery grounds Oceanography Populations Ramets Reefs Restoration Species diversity Survival Year class |
title | Strategies for integrating sexually propagated corals into Caribbean reef restoration: experimental results and considerations |
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