A Novel Approach for Energy and Water Conservation by Using Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Nanofluids in Wet Cooling Towers Systems
This study presents the use of Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots (Ag-CQD) hybrid nanofluids, prepared by a facile wet chemical method, for heat transfer enhancement of wet cooling towers systems. The samples were characterized using different analyses, including FT-IR, XRD and TEM. After synthesizing the C...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of thermal science 2021-09, Vol.30 (5), p.1827-1841 |
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creator | Hamid, Mousavi Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe Alimorad, Rashidi Masoumeh, Mirzaei |
description | This study presents the use of Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots (Ag-CQD) hybrid nanofluids, prepared by a facile wet chemical method, for heat transfer enhancement of wet cooling towers systems. The samples were characterized using different analyses, including FT-IR, XRD and TEM. After synthesizing the CQD, it was hybridized with silver nanoparticles and dispersed in water, using ultrasonic probe. The viscosity and density of the prepared nanofluid were investigated as a function of temperature and nanoparticles concentration, which demonstrated that there were no noticeable changes at lower particles concentration. Then, thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient were measured to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement of the nanofluid. At 45°C and 0.5 wt%, the most significant thermal conductivity improvement compared to the base fluid was 24%; and 28% enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was obtained at Reynolds number of 15 529. The nanofluid performance was evaluated in a wet cooling tower for investigating the efficiency and water consumption rate. The results indicated that the efficiency of the cooling tower, by applying Ag-CQD nanofluid, enhanced from 23.72% to 28.23%; consequently, the amount of the consumed water decreased from 80.76 mL·min
−1
to 69.67 mL·min
−1
. The results proved that the prepared nanofluid is a successful and promising candidate to enhance heat transfer. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11630-021-1502-8 |
format | Article |
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−1
to 69.67 mL·min
−1
. The results proved that the prepared nanofluid is a successful and promising candidate to enhance heat transfer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1003-2169</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1993-033X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11630-021-1502-8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Science Press</publisher><subject>Carbon ; Classical and Continuum Physics ; Convective heat transfer ; Cooling ; Cooling rate ; Cooling systems ; Cooling towers ; Engineering Fluid Dynamics ; Engineering Thermodynamics ; Fluid flow ; Heat and Mass Transfer ; Heat conductivity ; Heat transfer ; Heat transfer coefficients ; Nanofluids ; Nanoparticles ; Performance evaluation ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Quantum dots ; Reynolds number ; Silver ; Thermal conductivity ; Ultrasonic scanners ; Water conservation ; Water consumption</subject><ispartof>Journal of thermal science, 2021-09, Vol.30 (5), p.1827-1841</ispartof><rights>Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-afde059716ef405b89de5bdaf3c9901cb06670e39335b6798d30cb052830113c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-afde059716ef405b89de5bdaf3c9901cb06670e39335b6798d30cb052830113c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11630-021-1502-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11630-021-1502-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hamid, Mousavi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alimorad, Rashidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masoumeh, Mirzaei</creatorcontrib><title>A Novel Approach for Energy and Water Conservation by Using Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Nanofluids in Wet Cooling Towers Systems</title><title>Journal of thermal science</title><addtitle>J. Therm. Sci</addtitle><description>This study presents the use of Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots (Ag-CQD) hybrid nanofluids, prepared by a facile wet chemical method, for heat transfer enhancement of wet cooling towers systems. The samples were characterized using different analyses, including FT-IR, XRD and TEM. After synthesizing the CQD, it was hybridized with silver nanoparticles and dispersed in water, using ultrasonic probe. The viscosity and density of the prepared nanofluid were investigated as a function of temperature and nanoparticles concentration, which demonstrated that there were no noticeable changes at lower particles concentration. Then, thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient were measured to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement of the nanofluid. At 45°C and 0.5 wt%, the most significant thermal conductivity improvement compared to the base fluid was 24%; and 28% enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was obtained at Reynolds number of 15 529. The nanofluid performance was evaluated in a wet cooling tower for investigating the efficiency and water consumption rate. The results indicated that the efficiency of the cooling tower, by applying Ag-CQD nanofluid, enhanced from 23.72% to 28.23%; consequently, the amount of the consumed water decreased from 80.76 mL·min
−1
to 69.67 mL·min
−1
. The results proved that the prepared nanofluid is a successful and promising candidate to enhance heat transfer.</description><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Classical and Continuum Physics</subject><subject>Convective heat transfer</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Cooling rate</subject><subject>Cooling systems</subject><subject>Cooling towers</subject><subject>Engineering Fluid Dynamics</subject><subject>Engineering Thermodynamics</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Heat and Mass Transfer</subject><subject>Heat conductivity</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Heat transfer coefficients</subject><subject>Nanofluids</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Quantum dots</subject><subject>Reynolds number</subject><subject>Silver</subject><subject>Thermal conductivity</subject><subject>Ultrasonic scanners</subject><subject>Water conservation</subject><subject>Water consumption</subject><issn>1003-2169</issn><issn>1993-033X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kF9LwzAUxYsoOKcfwLeAz9Gb3iVtHsf8M2EooqJvIW3T2dElM2kn_QJ-bjMm-OTTvRzO71zuSZJzBpcMILsKjAkECimjjENK84NkxKRECojvh3EHQJoyIY-TkxBWACITOBkl31Py4LamJdPNxjtdfpDaeXJjjV8ORNuKvOnOeDJzNhi_1V3jLCkG8hoauyTPTbs1ns60L6L81Gvb9Wty7bpA5kPhm4o8aOvqtm-qQBpL3kwXk1y7Y1_cl_GBPA-hM-twmhzVug3m7HeOk9fbm5fZnC4e7-5n0wUtkYmO6roywGXGhKknwItcVoYXla6xlBJYWYAQGRiUiLwQmcwrhCjyNEdgDEscJxf73PjsZ29Cp1au9zaeVCnPcMInmPHoYntX6V0I3tRq45u19oNioHZ1q33dKtatdnWrPDLpngnRa5fG_yX_D_0A2EqC-A</recordid><startdate>20210901</startdate><enddate>20210901</enddate><creator>Hamid, Mousavi</creator><creator>Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe</creator><creator>Alimorad, Rashidi</creator><creator>Masoumeh, Mirzaei</creator><general>Science Press</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210901</creationdate><title>A Novel Approach for Energy and Water Conservation by Using Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Nanofluids in Wet Cooling Towers Systems</title><author>Hamid, Mousavi ; Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe ; Alimorad, Rashidi ; Masoumeh, Mirzaei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-afde059716ef405b89de5bdaf3c9901cb06670e39335b6798d30cb052830113c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Classical and Continuum Physics</topic><topic>Convective heat transfer</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Cooling rate</topic><topic>Cooling systems</topic><topic>Cooling towers</topic><topic>Engineering Fluid Dynamics</topic><topic>Engineering Thermodynamics</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Heat and Mass Transfer</topic><topic>Heat conductivity</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Heat transfer coefficients</topic><topic>Nanofluids</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Performance evaluation</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Quantum dots</topic><topic>Reynolds number</topic><topic>Silver</topic><topic>Thermal conductivity</topic><topic>Ultrasonic scanners</topic><topic>Water conservation</topic><topic>Water consumption</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hamid, Mousavi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alimorad, Rashidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masoumeh, Mirzaei</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of thermal science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hamid, Mousavi</au><au>Seyed Mostafa, Tabatabaee Ghomshe</au><au>Alimorad, Rashidi</au><au>Masoumeh, Mirzaei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Novel Approach for Energy and Water Conservation by Using Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Nanofluids in Wet Cooling Towers Systems</atitle><jtitle>Journal of thermal science</jtitle><stitle>J. Therm. Sci</stitle><date>2021-09-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1827</spage><epage>1841</epage><pages>1827-1841</pages><issn>1003-2169</issn><eissn>1993-033X</eissn><abstract>This study presents the use of Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots (Ag-CQD) hybrid nanofluids, prepared by a facile wet chemical method, for heat transfer enhancement of wet cooling towers systems. The samples were characterized using different analyses, including FT-IR, XRD and TEM. After synthesizing the CQD, it was hybridized with silver nanoparticles and dispersed in water, using ultrasonic probe. The viscosity and density of the prepared nanofluid were investigated as a function of temperature and nanoparticles concentration, which demonstrated that there were no noticeable changes at lower particles concentration. Then, thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient were measured to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement of the nanofluid. At 45°C and 0.5 wt%, the most significant thermal conductivity improvement compared to the base fluid was 24%; and 28% enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was obtained at Reynolds number of 15 529. The nanofluid performance was evaluated in a wet cooling tower for investigating the efficiency and water consumption rate. The results indicated that the efficiency of the cooling tower, by applying Ag-CQD nanofluid, enhanced from 23.72% to 28.23%; consequently, the amount of the consumed water decreased from 80.76 mL·min
−1
to 69.67 mL·min
−1
. The results proved that the prepared nanofluid is a successful and promising candidate to enhance heat transfer.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><pub>Science Press</pub><doi>10.1007/s11630-021-1502-8</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Carbon Classical and Continuum Physics Convective heat transfer Cooling Cooling rate Cooling systems Cooling towers Engineering Fluid Dynamics Engineering Thermodynamics Fluid flow Heat and Mass Transfer Heat conductivity Heat transfer Heat transfer coefficients Nanofluids Nanoparticles Performance evaluation Physics Physics and Astronomy Quantum dots Reynolds number Silver Thermal conductivity Ultrasonic scanners Water conservation Water consumption |
title | A Novel Approach for Energy and Water Conservation by Using Silver-Carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Nanofluids in Wet Cooling Towers Systems |
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