Drought Stress Alleviation by Potassium-Nitrate-Containing Chitosan/Montmorillonite Microparticles Confers Changes in Spinacia oleracea L

Drought and low amounts of mineral nutrients in the soil are the two leading global constraints in arid and semiarid regions. Their detrimental effects on soils and crops can be alleviated by applying controlled release and biodegradable fertilizers to better and sustain the crops. On a global scale...

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Veröffentlicht in:Sustainability 2021-09, Vol.13 (17), p.9903
Hauptverfasser: Bukhari, Syed Abu Bakr Haider, Lalarukh, Irfana, Amjad, Syeda Fasiha, Mansoora, Nida, Naz, Maliha, Naeem, Muhammad, Bukhari, Syeda Aqsa, Shahbaz, Muhammad, Ali, Saleha Ahmad, Marfo, Theodore Danso, Danish, Subhan, Datta, Rahul, Fahad, Shah
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container_title Sustainability
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creator Bukhari, Syed Abu Bakr Haider
Lalarukh, Irfana
Amjad, Syeda Fasiha
Mansoora, Nida
Naz, Maliha
Naeem, Muhammad
Bukhari, Syeda Aqsa
Shahbaz, Muhammad
Ali, Saleha Ahmad
Marfo, Theodore Danso
Danish, Subhan
Datta, Rahul
Fahad, Shah
description Drought and low amounts of mineral nutrients in the soil are the two leading global constraints in arid and semiarid regions. Their detrimental effects on soils and crops can be alleviated by applying controlled release and biodegradable fertilizers to better and sustain the crops. On a global scale, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an essential leafy green vegetable that is biologically considered a reliable source of essential nutrients and minerals for human health. A comprehensive approach is needed to manage water stress to mitigate the impacts of stress-caused damage and to examine this for better and increased plant production. An experiment was conducted using potassium-nitrate-containing chitosan/montmorillonite microparticles (150 mg) under mild and severe drought stress (MDS: 50% and SDS: 35% FC, respectively). The treatments include control (no KNO3 and 70% FC as normal irrigation (NI)), KNO3 + NI, 50% FC as mild drought stress (MDS), KNO3 + MDS, 35% FC as severe drought stress (SDS) and KNO3 + SDS. Results revealed that drought stress decreased all studied physiological parameters and increased oxidative stress indicators in spinach. Applying KN significantly increased root (122%) and shoot length (4%), shoot fresh weight (32%) and shoot dry weight (71%), chlorophyll a (88%), carotenoids (39%), total soluble proteins (50%), soluble sugars (51%), potassium (80%), and phosphorous (32%) concentrations over No KN at severe drought. While stress indicators, like glycine betaine, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbic acid levels, were increased in stress. Treatment KN was proved efficient and effective in improving spinach physiological status in both MDS and SDS.
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Their detrimental effects on soils and crops can be alleviated by applying controlled release and biodegradable fertilizers to better and sustain the crops. On a global scale, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an essential leafy green vegetable that is biologically considered a reliable source of essential nutrients and minerals for human health. A comprehensive approach is needed to manage water stress to mitigate the impacts of stress-caused damage and to examine this for better and increased plant production. An experiment was conducted using potassium-nitrate-containing chitosan/montmorillonite microparticles (150 mg) under mild and severe drought stress (MDS: 50% and SDS: 35% FC, respectively). The treatments include control (no KNO3 and 70% FC as normal irrigation (NI)), KNO3 + NI, 50% FC as mild drought stress (MDS), KNO3 + MDS, 35% FC as severe drought stress (SDS) and KNO3 + SDS. 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source MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals
subjects Agricultural production
Ascorbic acid
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Biomass
Carotenoids
Chitosan
Chlorophyll
Controlled release
Crops
Dietary minerals
Drought
Electrolyte leakage
Essential nutrients
Fertilizers
Glycine
Glycine betaine
Hydrogen peroxide
Impact damage
Indicators
Irrigation
Malondialdehyde
Minerals
Montmorillonite
Nutrients
Oxidative stress
Peroxidase
Physiology
Plant production
Potassium
Rain
Seeds
Semiarid lands
Spinach
Spinacia oleracea
Sugar
Superoxide dismutase
Water management
Water stress
title Drought Stress Alleviation by Potassium-Nitrate-Containing Chitosan/Montmorillonite Microparticles Confers Changes in Spinacia oleracea L
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