The impact of African swine fever virus on smallholder village pig production: An outbreak investigation in Lao PDR
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a deadly disease of pigs which spread through southeast Asia in 2019. We investigated one of the first outbreaks of ASFV in Lao People's Democratic Republic amongst smallholder villages of Thapangtong District, Savannakhet Province. In this study, two ASF...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transboundary and emerging diseases 2021-09, Vol.68 (5), p.2897-2908 |
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| creator | Matsumoto, Nina Siengsanan‐Lamont, Jarunee Halasa, Tariq Young, James R. Ward, Michael P. Douangngeun, Bounlom Theppangna, Watthana Khounsy, Syseng Toribio, Jenny‐Ann L.M.L. Bush, Russell D. Blacksell, Stuart D. |
| description | African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a deadly disease of pigs which spread through southeast Asia in 2019. We investigated one of the first outbreaks of ASFV in Lao People's Democratic Republic amongst smallholder villages of Thapangtong District, Savannakhet Province. In this study, two ASFV affected villages were compared to two unaffected villages. Evidence of ASFV‐like clinical signs appeared in pig herds as early as May 2019, with median epidemic days on 1 and 18 June in the two villages, respectively. Using participatory epidemiology mapping techniques, we found statistically significant spatial clustering in both outbreaks (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/tbed.14193 |
| format | Article |
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We investigated one of the first outbreaks of ASFV in Lao People's Democratic Republic amongst smallholder villages of Thapangtong District, Savannakhet Province. In this study, two ASFV affected villages were compared to two unaffected villages. Evidence of ASFV‐like clinical signs appeared in pig herds as early as May 2019, with median epidemic days on 1 and 18 June in the two villages, respectively. Using participatory epidemiology mapping techniques, we found statistically significant spatial clustering in both outbreaks (p < 0.001). Villagers reported known risk factors for ASFV transmission – such as free‐ranging management systems and wild boar access – in all four villages. The villagers reported increased pig trader activity from Vietnam before the outbreaks; however, the survey did not determine a single outbreak source. The outbreak caused substantial household financial losses with an average of nine pigs lost to the disease, and Monte Carlo analysis estimated this to be USD 215 per household. ASFV poses a significant threat to food and financial security in smallholder communities such as Thapangtong, where 40.6% of the district's population are affected by poverty. This study shows ASFV management in the region will require increased local government resources, knowledge of informal trader activity and wild boar monitoring alongside education and support to address intra‐village risk factors such as free‐ranging, incorrect waste disposal and swill feeding.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1865-1674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1865-1682</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14193</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34146447</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Wiley-Hindawi</publisher><subject>African swine fever ; animal health economics ; Asfarviridae ; Clustering ; Epidemics ; Epidemiology ; Fever ; Hogs ; Infectious Diseases ; Lao PDR ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Local government ; Management systems ; Monte Carlo simulation ; Outbreaks ; pig production ; Poverty ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Science & Technology ; smallholder ; Special Issue ; Statistical analysis ; Sus scrofa ; Swine ; Swine production ; Veterinary Sciences ; village ; Villages ; Viruses ; Waste disposal</subject><ispartof>Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2021-09, Vol.68 (5), p.2897-2908</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><rights>2021. 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We investigated one of the first outbreaks of ASFV in Lao People's Democratic Republic amongst smallholder villages of Thapangtong District, Savannakhet Province. In this study, two ASFV affected villages were compared to two unaffected villages. Evidence of ASFV‐like clinical signs appeared in pig herds as early as May 2019, with median epidemic days on 1 and 18 June in the two villages, respectively. Using participatory epidemiology mapping techniques, we found statistically significant spatial clustering in both outbreaks (p < 0.001). Villagers reported known risk factors for ASFV transmission – such as free‐ranging management systems and wild boar access – in all four villages. The villagers reported increased pig trader activity from Vietnam before the outbreaks; however, the survey did not determine a single outbreak source. The outbreak caused substantial household financial losses with an average of nine pigs lost to the disease, and Monte Carlo analysis estimated this to be USD 215 per household. ASFV poses a significant threat to food and financial security in smallholder communities such as Thapangtong, where 40.6% of the district's population are affected by poverty. This study shows ASFV management in the region will require increased local government resources, knowledge of informal trader activity and wild boar monitoring alongside education and support to address intra‐village risk factors such as free‐ranging, incorrect waste disposal and swill feeding.</description><subject>African swine fever</subject><subject>animal health economics</subject><subject>Asfarviridae</subject><subject>Clustering</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Fever</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Lao PDR</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Local government</subject><subject>Management systems</subject><subject>Monte Carlo simulation</subject><subject>Outbreaks</subject><subject>pig production</subject><subject>Poverty</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>smallholder</subject><subject>Special Issue</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Sus scrofa</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Swine production</subject><subject>Veterinary Sciences</subject><subject>village</subject><subject>Villages</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Waste disposal</subject><issn>1865-1674</issn><issn>1865-1682</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUuP0zAQxyMEYh9w4RNY4oJAXex44sQckEp3eUiVQKicLceZtF4SO2snXe23X_ehSnBAzGVevxnN6J9lrxi9YsnejzU2VwyY5E-yc1aJYsZElT89xSWcZRcx3lIqqBTF8-yMAwMBUJ5ncbVBYvtBm5H4lszbYI12JN5bh6TFLQaytWGKxKdir7tu47tmX-w6vUYy2DUZgm8mM1rvPpC5I34a64D6N7Fui3G0a71rpYwstSc_rn--yJ61uov48ugvs1-fb1aLr7Pl9y_fFvPlzEBe8JkxRtZNLsu2Lsq8qaVmleEtVAxbYCVQwYoaOGUgBZcpKRnXupIF1JUUouSX2cfD3mGqe2wMujHoTg3B9jo8KK-t-rPj7Eat_VbJXOYAIi14c1wQ_N2UflG9jQbT5w79FFVeAAfggu_Q13-ht34KLr2XqJJCXiVL1NsDZYKPMWB7OoZRtdNS7bRUey0T_O4A32Pt22gsOoOnAZrULGnOmEwRZYmu_p9e2HEvysJPbkyj7DhqO3z4x0lq9enm-nDcI0N-wG0</recordid><startdate>202109</startdate><enddate>202109</enddate><creator>Matsumoto, Nina</creator><creator>Siengsanan‐Lamont, Jarunee</creator><creator>Halasa, Tariq</creator><creator>Young, James R.</creator><creator>Ward, Michael P.</creator><creator>Douangngeun, Bounlom</creator><creator>Theppangna, Watthana</creator><creator>Khounsy, Syseng</creator><creator>Toribio, Jenny‐Ann L.M.L.</creator><creator>Bush, Russell D.</creator><creator>Blacksell, Stuart D.</creator><general>Wiley-Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1112-0254</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-726X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-4986</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202109</creationdate><title>The impact of African swine fever virus on smallholder village pig production: An outbreak investigation in Lao PDR</title><author>Matsumoto, Nina ; 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We investigated one of the first outbreaks of ASFV in Lao People's Democratic Republic amongst smallholder villages of Thapangtong District, Savannakhet Province. In this study, two ASFV affected villages were compared to two unaffected villages. Evidence of ASFV‐like clinical signs appeared in pig herds as early as May 2019, with median epidemic days on 1 and 18 June in the two villages, respectively. Using participatory epidemiology mapping techniques, we found statistically significant spatial clustering in both outbreaks (p < 0.001). Villagers reported known risk factors for ASFV transmission – such as free‐ranging management systems and wild boar access – in all four villages. The villagers reported increased pig trader activity from Vietnam before the outbreaks; however, the survey did not determine a single outbreak source. The outbreak caused substantial household financial losses with an average of nine pigs lost to the disease, and Monte Carlo analysis estimated this to be USD 215 per household. ASFV poses a significant threat to food and financial security in smallholder communities such as Thapangtong, where 40.6% of the district's population are affected by poverty. This study shows ASFV management in the region will require increased local government resources, knowledge of informal trader activity and wild boar monitoring alongside education and support to address intra‐village risk factors such as free‐ranging, incorrect waste disposal and swill feeding.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Wiley-Hindawi</pub><pmid>34146447</pmid><doi>10.1111/tbed.14193</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1112-0254</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-726X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-4986</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | African swine fever animal health economics Asfarviridae Clustering Epidemics Epidemiology Fever Hogs Infectious Diseases Lao PDR Life Sciences & Biomedicine Local government Management systems Monte Carlo simulation Outbreaks pig production Poverty Risk analysis Risk factors Science & Technology smallholder Special Issue Statistical analysis Sus scrofa Swine Swine production Veterinary Sciences village Villages Viruses Waste disposal |
| title | The impact of African swine fever virus on smallholder village pig production: An outbreak investigation in Lao PDR |
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