Identification of Polluted Sites in Four Major Rivers in Kuantan, Malaysia based on Water Chemistry Estimates of Aquatic Microbial Activity
Kuantan in Pahang, Malaysia has experienced rapid development and environmental degradation over the past decade following the implementation of The National Physical Plan 2005. To assess water quality and identify polluted areas in the region, we measured the water chemistry and microbial activity...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sustainability 2019-07, Vol.11 (14), p.3813 |
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| creator | Kozaki, Daisuke Norhasmira Idayu binti Harun Chan Hein Chong Murni Hayati binti Esraruddin Nor Atiah binti Yunus Aini Syazana binti Derahman Pu, Kee Seng Nurul Syazwani binti Alias Kumutharani A/P Annamalai Nagappan, Sarmila Mohd Hasbi bin Ab Rahim Yusoff, Mashitah M |
| description | Kuantan in Pahang, Malaysia has experienced rapid development and environmental degradation over the past decade following the implementation of The National Physical Plan 2005. To assess water quality and identify polluted areas in the region, we measured the water chemistry and microbial activity in response to land use changes for four major rivers, namely Pahang, Kuantan, Belat, and Galing River, using data from ion chromatography and portable water quality monitoring devices. The following were concluded: (1) Significant differences in COD concentration between all monitored rivers suggests that COD and its associated biological reactions are key parameters to assess anthropogenic water quality degradation in our study area; (2) Due to low anthropogenic wastewater pollution, the dominant microbial reactions in the Pahang, Kuantan, and Belat Rivers were aerobic microbial oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification by nitrifying bacteria, allowing the rivers to self-purify; (3) The Galing River predominantly experiences anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds through microbial denitrification and sulfate reduction due to heavy anthropogenic land use in the river basin; (4) The western side of the Galing River and upstream sites located within the industrial and business/servicing areas in Kuantan city center experience the heaviest pollution. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/su11143813 |
| format | Article |
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To assess water quality and identify polluted areas in the region, we measured the water chemistry and microbial activity in response to land use changes for four major rivers, namely Pahang, Kuantan, Belat, and Galing River, using data from ion chromatography and portable water quality monitoring devices. The following were concluded: (1) Significant differences in COD concentration between all monitored rivers suggests that COD and its associated biological reactions are key parameters to assess anthropogenic water quality degradation in our study area; (2) Due to low anthropogenic wastewater pollution, the dominant microbial reactions in the Pahang, Kuantan, and Belat Rivers were aerobic microbial oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification by nitrifying bacteria, allowing the rivers to self-purify; (3) The Galing River predominantly experiences anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds through microbial denitrification and sulfate reduction due to heavy anthropogenic land use in the river basin; (4) The western side of the Galing River and upstream sites located within the industrial and business/servicing areas in Kuantan city center experience the heaviest pollution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su11143813</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Anaerobic microorganisms ; Anthropogenic factors ; Bacteria ; Biological activity ; Chemical activity ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Denitrification ; Environmental degradation ; Land use ; Microbial activity ; Microorganisms ; Nitrates ; Nitrification ; Nitrifying bacteria ; Organic compounds ; Oxidation ; Pollution ; Portable equipment ; Quality assessment ; Reagents ; River basins ; Rivers ; Seawater ; Sulfate reduction ; Sustainability ; Sustainable development ; Wastewater ; Wastewater pollution ; Water chemistry ; Water pollution ; Water quality ; Water quality management ; Water supply</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2019-07, Vol.11 (14), p.3813</ispartof><rights>2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The following were concluded: (1) Significant differences in COD concentration between all monitored rivers suggests that COD and its associated biological reactions are key parameters to assess anthropogenic water quality degradation in our study area; (2) Due to low anthropogenic wastewater pollution, the dominant microbial reactions in the Pahang, Kuantan, and Belat Rivers were aerobic microbial oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification by nitrifying bacteria, allowing the rivers to self-purify; (3) The Galing River predominantly experiences anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds through microbial denitrification and sulfate reduction due to heavy anthropogenic land use in the river basin; (4) The western side of the Galing River and upstream sites located within the industrial and business/servicing areas in Kuantan city center experience the heaviest pollution.</description><subject>Anaerobic microorganisms</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>Chemical activity</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Denitrification</subject><subject>Environmental degradation</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrification</subject><subject>Nitrifying bacteria</subject><subject>Organic compounds</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Portable equipment</subject><subject>Quality assessment</subject><subject>Reagents</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Sulfate reduction</subject><subject>Sustainability</subject><subject>Sustainable development</subject><subject>Wastewater</subject><subject>Wastewater pollution</subject><subject>Water chemistry</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water quality management</subject><subject>Water supply</subject><issn>2071-1050</issn><issn>2071-1050</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUMFKAzEQDaJgqb34BQFv4mom2c1uj6W0WmxRtOBxyWYTTNlu2iRb2G_wp02toHOZYebNm3kPoWsg94yNyYPvACBlBbAzNKAkhwRIRs7_1Zdo5P2GxGAMxsAH6GtRqzYYbaQIxrbYavxqm6YLqsbvJiiPTYvntnN4JTbW4TdzUO6n-dyJNoj2Lg4a0XsjcCV83IokHyIoh6efamt8cD2e-WC24kgW6Sf7Lp6SeGWks5URDZ7IYA4m9FfoQovGq9FvHqL1fLaePiXLl8fFdLJMJOMQkjRPaVVwLQnXABlo0JpoKqujcqLJOE-LWtSccqlUrVXsUJUxyApeaJBsiG5OtDtn953yodxEfW28WNKMU8ihYCyibk-o-KX3Tuly56II15dAyqPd5Z_d7BuR7XM-</recordid><startdate>20190711</startdate><enddate>20190711</enddate><creator>Kozaki, Daisuke</creator><creator>Norhasmira Idayu binti Harun</creator><creator>Chan Hein Chong</creator><creator>Murni Hayati binti Esraruddin</creator><creator>Nor Atiah binti Yunus</creator><creator>Aini Syazana binti Derahman</creator><creator>Pu, Kee Seng</creator><creator>Nurul Syazwani binti Alias</creator><creator>Kumutharani A/P Annamalai</creator><creator>Nagappan, Sarmila</creator><creator>Mohd Hasbi bin Ab Rahim</creator><creator>Yusoff, Mashitah M</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190711</creationdate><title>Identification of Polluted Sites in Four Major Rivers in Kuantan, Malaysia based on Water Chemistry Estimates of Aquatic Microbial Activity</title><author>Kozaki, Daisuke ; Norhasmira Idayu binti Harun ; Chan Hein Chong ; Murni Hayati binti Esraruddin ; Nor Atiah binti Yunus ; Aini Syazana binti Derahman ; Pu, Kee Seng ; Nurul Syazwani binti Alias ; Kumutharani A/P Annamalai ; Nagappan, Sarmila ; Mohd Hasbi bin Ab Rahim ; Yusoff, Mashitah M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-4742b86fc06f1151f1ff0f2cb38130f09748dad626ceedfef092e5315868f1c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Anaerobic microorganisms</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Biological activity</topic><topic>Chemical activity</topic><topic>Chemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Denitrification</topic><topic>Environmental degradation</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>Microbial activity</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrification</topic><topic>Nitrifying bacteria</topic><topic>Organic compounds</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Portable equipment</topic><topic>Quality assessment</topic><topic>Reagents</topic><topic>River basins</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Seawater</topic><topic>Sulfate reduction</topic><topic>Sustainability</topic><topic>Sustainable development</topic><topic>Wastewater</topic><topic>Wastewater pollution</topic><topic>Water chemistry</topic><topic>Water pollution</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water quality management</topic><topic>Water supply</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kozaki, Daisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norhasmira Idayu binti Harun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan Hein Chong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murni Hayati binti Esraruddin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nor Atiah binti Yunus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aini Syazana binti Derahman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pu, Kee Seng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nurul Syazwani binti Alias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumutharani A/P Annamalai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagappan, Sarmila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohd Hasbi bin Ab Rahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yusoff, Mashitah M</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kozaki, Daisuke</au><au>Norhasmira Idayu binti Harun</au><au>Chan Hein Chong</au><au>Murni Hayati binti Esraruddin</au><au>Nor Atiah binti Yunus</au><au>Aini Syazana binti Derahman</au><au>Pu, Kee Seng</au><au>Nurul Syazwani binti Alias</au><au>Kumutharani A/P Annamalai</au><au>Nagappan, Sarmila</au><au>Mohd Hasbi bin Ab Rahim</au><au>Yusoff, Mashitah M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Identification of Polluted Sites in Four Major Rivers in Kuantan, Malaysia based on Water Chemistry Estimates of Aquatic Microbial Activity</atitle><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle><date>2019-07-11</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>3813</spage><pages>3813-</pages><issn>2071-1050</issn><eissn>2071-1050</eissn><abstract>Kuantan in Pahang, Malaysia has experienced rapid development and environmental degradation over the past decade following the implementation of The National Physical Plan 2005. To assess water quality and identify polluted areas in the region, we measured the water chemistry and microbial activity in response to land use changes for four major rivers, namely Pahang, Kuantan, Belat, and Galing River, using data from ion chromatography and portable water quality monitoring devices. The following were concluded: (1) Significant differences in COD concentration between all monitored rivers suggests that COD and its associated biological reactions are key parameters to assess anthropogenic water quality degradation in our study area; (2) Due to low anthropogenic wastewater pollution, the dominant microbial reactions in the Pahang, Kuantan, and Belat Rivers were aerobic microbial oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification by nitrifying bacteria, allowing the rivers to self-purify; (3) The Galing River predominantly experiences anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds through microbial denitrification and sulfate reduction due to heavy anthropogenic land use in the river basin; (4) The western side of the Galing River and upstream sites located within the industrial and business/servicing areas in Kuantan city center experience the heaviest pollution.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/su11143813</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anaerobic microorganisms Anthropogenic factors Bacteria Biological activity Chemical activity Chemical oxygen demand Denitrification Environmental degradation Land use Microbial activity Microorganisms Nitrates Nitrification Nitrifying bacteria Organic compounds Oxidation Pollution Portable equipment Quality assessment Reagents River basins Rivers Seawater Sulfate reduction Sustainability Sustainable development Wastewater Wastewater pollution Water chemistry Water pollution Water quality Water quality management Water supply |
| title | Identification of Polluted Sites in Four Major Rivers in Kuantan, Malaysia based on Water Chemistry Estimates of Aquatic Microbial Activity |
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