Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production
[Display omitted] •A novel solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst.•NCS catalyst has strong basic sites and performs excellent in transesterification.•NCS catalyst could be reused 27 times without significant deactivation.•NCS’s stability owes mainly to the coord...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Fuel (Guildford) 2021-10, Vol.302, p.121094, Article 121094 |
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creator | Liu, Xiaochun Xing, Shiyou Yang, Lingmei Fu, Junying Lv, Pengmei Zhang, Xufeng Li, Ming Wang, Zhongming |
description | [Display omitted]
•A novel solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst.•NCS catalyst has strong basic sites and performs excellent in transesterification.•NCS catalyst could be reused 27 times without significant deactivation.•NCS’s stability owes mainly to the coordination between Ca and assistive components.
Calcium-based (Ca-based) oxides are promising candidates to replace sodium or potassium hydroxide as base catalysts in transesterification for biodiesel production, owe to their high activity and recyclability. However, their readily leaching in the reaction process is the main reason for its low reusability. This problem has long been the bottleneck of heterogeneous catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production. To solve this problem, we employed a solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst, which showed extraordinarily high activity and stability for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst, named NCS, could achieve up to 98.0% biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) yield in 1 h at 90 °C with 5 wt% of catalyst loading. The catalyst can be reused 26 times with a biodiesel yield of at least 90.0%. With thorough characterization, we found that the extraordinary performance of the catalyst owes to the strong basic sites and its anti-carbonation ability. The strong basic sites, formed by the coordination between O, Na, Si, and Ca, can also moderate the leaching of Ca-related basic sites into the reaction medium. Performance reduction of NCS could be attributed to the shift of strong basic sites to weaker ones without significant loss of total basic sites. Above all, we believe that the NCS catalyst is a promising catalyst for large-scale biodiesel production. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121094 |
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fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2561105134</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S001623612100973X</els_id><sourcerecordid>2561105134</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-23bf17dbd2941d05fa2db22b3bfeb42d299d552f47cecd92e86f778b3d4f51073</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UMtKxDAUDaLgOPoDrgKuW5O0aVpwI4MvGJiNrkMeN5pSmzFpB-bvzVDXru7lcF4chG4pKSmhzX1fuhmGkhFGS8oo6eoztKKtqApBeXWOViSzClY19BJdpdQTQkTL6xXavfrPr-GIlZn8AbAaLbZzVHoAvFGFVgksTmHwFp9-bNSkhmOasAsRax-shwQD3sdg5-wQxmt04dSQ4ObvrtHH89P75rXY7l7eNo_bwlSsnXIT7aiw2rKuppZwp5jVjOkMg65ZhjvLOXO1MGBsx6BtnBCtrmztOCWiWqO7xTdH_8yQJtmHOY45UjLeUEo4rerMYgvLxJBSBCf30X-reJSUyNNwspen4eRpOLkMl0UPiwhy_4OHKJPxMBqwPoKZpA3-P_kvQfh2sQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2561105134</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production</title><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Liu, Xiaochun ; Xing, Shiyou ; Yang, Lingmei ; Fu, Junying ; Lv, Pengmei ; Zhang, Xufeng ; Li, Ming ; Wang, Zhongming</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaochun ; Xing, Shiyou ; Yang, Lingmei ; Fu, Junying ; Lv, Pengmei ; Zhang, Xufeng ; Li, Ming ; Wang, Zhongming</creatorcontrib><description>[Display omitted]
•A novel solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst.•NCS catalyst has strong basic sites and performs excellent in transesterification.•NCS catalyst could be reused 27 times without significant deactivation.•NCS’s stability owes mainly to the coordination between Ca and assistive components.
Calcium-based (Ca-based) oxides are promising candidates to replace sodium or potassium hydroxide as base catalysts in transesterification for biodiesel production, owe to their high activity and recyclability. However, their readily leaching in the reaction process is the main reason for its low reusability. This problem has long been the bottleneck of heterogeneous catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production. To solve this problem, we employed a solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst, which showed extraordinarily high activity and stability for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst, named NCS, could achieve up to 98.0% biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) yield in 1 h at 90 °C with 5 wt% of catalyst loading. The catalyst can be reused 26 times with a biodiesel yield of at least 90.0%. With thorough characterization, we found that the extraordinary performance of the catalyst owes to the strong basic sites and its anti-carbonation ability. The strong basic sites, formed by the coordination between O, Na, Si, and Ca, can also moderate the leaching of Ca-related basic sites into the reaction medium. Performance reduction of NCS could be attributed to the shift of strong basic sites to weaker ones without significant loss of total basic sites. Above all, we believe that the NCS catalyst is a promising catalyst for large-scale biodiesel production.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-2361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7153</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121094</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Biodiesel ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Calcium ; Calcium-based catalyst ; Carbonation ; Catalysts ; Chemical synthesis ; Diesel ; Esters ; Fatty acid methyl esters ; Fatty acids ; Leaching ; Lime ; Potassium ; Potassium hydroxide ; Potassium hydroxides ; Recyclability ; Sodium ; Solid base catalyst ; Transesterification</subject><ispartof>Fuel (Guildford), 2021-10, Vol.302, p.121094, Article 121094</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Oct 15, 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-23bf17dbd2941d05fa2db22b3bfeb42d299d552f47cecd92e86f778b3d4f51073</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-23bf17dbd2941d05fa2db22b3bfeb42d299d552f47cecd92e86f778b3d4f51073</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121094$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaochun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Shiyou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Lingmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Junying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Pengmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xufeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zhongming</creatorcontrib><title>Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production</title><title>Fuel (Guildford)</title><description>[Display omitted]
•A novel solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst.•NCS catalyst has strong basic sites and performs excellent in transesterification.•NCS catalyst could be reused 27 times without significant deactivation.•NCS’s stability owes mainly to the coordination between Ca and assistive components.
Calcium-based (Ca-based) oxides are promising candidates to replace sodium or potassium hydroxide as base catalysts in transesterification for biodiesel production, owe to their high activity and recyclability. However, their readily leaching in the reaction process is the main reason for its low reusability. This problem has long been the bottleneck of heterogeneous catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production. To solve this problem, we employed a solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst, which showed extraordinarily high activity and stability for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst, named NCS, could achieve up to 98.0% biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) yield in 1 h at 90 °C with 5 wt% of catalyst loading. The catalyst can be reused 26 times with a biodiesel yield of at least 90.0%. With thorough characterization, we found that the extraordinary performance of the catalyst owes to the strong basic sites and its anti-carbonation ability. The strong basic sites, formed by the coordination between O, Na, Si, and Ca, can also moderate the leaching of Ca-related basic sites into the reaction medium. Performance reduction of NCS could be attributed to the shift of strong basic sites to weaker ones without significant loss of total basic sites. Above all, we believe that the NCS catalyst is a promising catalyst for large-scale biodiesel production.</description><subject>Biodiesel</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium-based catalyst</subject><subject>Carbonation</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Esters</subject><subject>Fatty acid methyl esters</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>Lime</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Potassium hydroxide</subject><subject>Potassium hydroxides</subject><subject>Recyclability</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Solid base catalyst</subject><subject>Transesterification</subject><issn>0016-2361</issn><issn>1873-7153</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UMtKxDAUDaLgOPoDrgKuW5O0aVpwI4MvGJiNrkMeN5pSmzFpB-bvzVDXru7lcF4chG4pKSmhzX1fuhmGkhFGS8oo6eoztKKtqApBeXWOViSzClY19BJdpdQTQkTL6xXavfrPr-GIlZn8AbAaLbZzVHoAvFGFVgksTmHwFp9-bNSkhmOasAsRax-shwQD3sdg5-wQxmt04dSQ4ObvrtHH89P75rXY7l7eNo_bwlSsnXIT7aiw2rKuppZwp5jVjOkMg65ZhjvLOXO1MGBsx6BtnBCtrmztOCWiWqO7xTdH_8yQJtmHOY45UjLeUEo4rerMYgvLxJBSBCf30X-reJSUyNNwspen4eRpOLkMl0UPiwhy_4OHKJPxMBqwPoKZpA3-P_kvQfh2sQ</recordid><startdate>20211015</startdate><enddate>20211015</enddate><creator>Liu, Xiaochun</creator><creator>Xing, Shiyou</creator><creator>Yang, Lingmei</creator><creator>Fu, Junying</creator><creator>Lv, Pengmei</creator><creator>Zhang, Xufeng</creator><creator>Li, Ming</creator><creator>Wang, Zhongming</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211015</creationdate><title>Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production</title><author>Liu, Xiaochun ; Xing, Shiyou ; Yang, Lingmei ; Fu, Junying ; Lv, Pengmei ; Zhang, Xufeng ; Li, Ming ; Wang, Zhongming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-23bf17dbd2941d05fa2db22b3bfeb42d299d552f47cecd92e86f778b3d4f51073</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Biodiesel</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Calcium-based catalyst</topic><topic>Carbonation</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Esters</topic><topic>Fatty acid methyl esters</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>Lime</topic><topic>Potassium</topic><topic>Potassium hydroxide</topic><topic>Potassium hydroxides</topic><topic>Recyclability</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Solid base catalyst</topic><topic>Transesterification</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaochun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Shiyou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Lingmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Junying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lv, Pengmei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xufeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zhongming</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Xiaochun</au><au>Xing, Shiyou</au><au>Yang, Lingmei</au><au>Fu, Junying</au><au>Lv, Pengmei</au><au>Zhang, Xufeng</au><au>Li, Ming</au><au>Wang, Zhongming</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production</atitle><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle><date>2021-10-15</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>302</volume><spage>121094</spage><pages>121094-</pages><artnum>121094</artnum><issn>0016-2361</issn><eissn>1873-7153</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted]
•A novel solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst.•NCS catalyst has strong basic sites and performs excellent in transesterification.•NCS catalyst could be reused 27 times without significant deactivation.•NCS’s stability owes mainly to the coordination between Ca and assistive components.
Calcium-based (Ca-based) oxides are promising candidates to replace sodium or potassium hydroxide as base catalysts in transesterification for biodiesel production, owe to their high activity and recyclability. However, their readily leaching in the reaction process is the main reason for its low reusability. This problem has long been the bottleneck of heterogeneous catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production. To solve this problem, we employed a solid-state synthesis approach to fabricate the Ca-based solid base catalyst, which showed extraordinarily high activity and stability for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst, named NCS, could achieve up to 98.0% biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) yield in 1 h at 90 °C with 5 wt% of catalyst loading. The catalyst can be reused 26 times with a biodiesel yield of at least 90.0%. With thorough characterization, we found that the extraordinary performance of the catalyst owes to the strong basic sites and its anti-carbonation ability. The strong basic sites, formed by the coordination between O, Na, Si, and Ca, can also moderate the leaching of Ca-related basic sites into the reaction medium. Performance reduction of NCS could be attributed to the shift of strong basic sites to weaker ones without significant loss of total basic sites. Above all, we believe that the NCS catalyst is a promising catalyst for large-scale biodiesel production.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121094</doi></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biodiesel Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Calcium Calcium-based catalyst Carbonation Catalysts Chemical synthesis Diesel Esters Fatty acid methyl esters Fatty acids Leaching Lime Potassium Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydroxides Recyclability Sodium Solid base catalyst Transesterification |
title | Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production |
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