SEM-PLS Analysis Approach in Identifying the Effective Residential Bikeway Design Factors

The study was conducted to investigate the impact of residential-bike environment influences cycling participation among resident. The underpinning theories used in the study were the Ecological Model of Active Living (EMAF) and the Theory of Routine Mode Choice Decision (TRMCD). A structured questionnaire online survey was employed by engaging two resident associations (RA) in City of Elmina that contributed, 242 respondents. The data was analysed using Smart PLS 3.2.6 to test a developed model through measurement model analysis and followed by a structural model analysis. This approach offers comprehensive, quantifiable and flexible causal-modelling capabilities in a multi-regression analysis for non-parametric data that run simultaneously. The measurement model analysis was archived the threshold values for all criteria such as reliability and validity test. The structural model analysis result showed that perception, preference and satisfaction have significant positive relationship with the bike-built environment directly. Besides, the bike-built environment and cycling participation among resident has significant positive relationship. The Coefficient Determination, R2 of the bike-built environment was substantial value with 33 percent while the cycling participation was 7.3 percent. The study confirmed that the residential-bike built environment has impact on the cycling participation among resident.