A Manchester-OOK Visible Light Communication System for Patient Monitoring in Intensive Care Units
Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an interesting solution in Intensive Care (IC) medical environments to, among others, prevent the spread of emerging diseases. This work presents the design of a low-cost and stable VLC transceiver system in addition to practical characterizations and experimenta...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE access 2021, Vol.9, p.104217-104226 |
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| creator | Zwaag, Klaas Minne Van Der Marinho, Marianne Pontara Costa, Wesley Da Silva De Assis Souza Dos Santos, Francisco Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Freire Rocha, Helder R. O. Segatto, Marcelo E. V. Silva, Jair A. L. |
| description | Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an interesting solution in Intensive Care (IC) medical environments to, among others, prevent the spread of emerging diseases. This work presents the design of a low-cost and stable VLC transceiver system in addition to practical characterizations and experimental performance evaluations for application in IC environments. The application focuses on the transmission of Manchester-based on-off keying signals, in a proof-of-concept apparatus that makes use of the Eye Opening Penalty (EOP) metric to illustrate a comprehensive picture of the potentials of the evaluated VLC system. Parameters such as Light-Emitting Diode (LED) bias current, modulation frequency, line-of-sight link distance, and signal pattern were analyzed here. Experimental results show an outstanding behavior considering an LED bias current of 400 mA, a signal frequency of 1 MHz and a VLC transmission link length of 2.5 m. To validate our system, vital parameters as heart rate, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and non-intrusive blood pressure signals were transmitted for VLC links of 1.5, 5 and 15 m, which were received by a multi-parameter monitor, with EOP values of 0.89, 0.96 and 2.67 dB, respectively. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3099462 |
| format | Article |
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Parameters such as Light-Emitting Diode (LED) bias current, modulation frequency, line-of-sight link distance, and signal pattern were analyzed here. Experimental results show an outstanding behavior considering an LED bias current of 400 mA, a signal frequency of 1 MHz and a VLC transmission link length of 2.5 m. To validate our system, vital parameters as heart rate, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and non-intrusive blood pressure signals were transmitted for VLC links of 1.5, 5 and 15 m, which were received by a multi-parameter monitor, with EOP values of 0.89, 0.96 and 2.67 dB, respectively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3099462</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IAECCG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>Bias ; Biomedical monitoring ; Blood pressure ; Communications systems ; E-health ; Encoding ; Heart rate ; Intensive care ; intensive care environments ; Light emitting diodes ; manchester coding ; Modulation ; Monitoring ; On-Off Keying ; Optical communication ; Oxygen content ; Parameters ; Pattern analysis ; Performance evaluation ; Temperature measurement ; Visible light communication</subject><ispartof>IEEE access, 2021, Vol.9, p.104217-104226</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-b87488f537a1ba20f85abd880b653274eb5f8f8a06a7dadb57d71629c8a38f8e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-b87488f537a1ba20f85abd880b653274eb5f8f8a06a7dadb57d71629c8a38f8e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1185-2773 ; 0000-0001-6215-664X ; 0000-0001-8989-3703 ; 0000-0003-2567-184X ; 0000-0003-4083-992X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9494356$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,2096,4010,27610,27900,27901,27902,54908</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zwaag, Klaas Minne Van Der</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marinho, Marianne Pontara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costa, Wesley Da Silva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Assis Souza Dos Santos, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Freire</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha, Helder R. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Segatto, Marcelo E. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Jair A. L.</creatorcontrib><title>A Manchester-OOK Visible Light Communication System for Patient Monitoring in Intensive Care Units</title><title>IEEE access</title><addtitle>Access</addtitle><description>Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an interesting solution in Intensive Care (IC) medical environments to, among others, prevent the spread of emerging diseases. This work presents the design of a low-cost and stable VLC transceiver system in addition to practical characterizations and experimental performance evaluations for application in IC environments. The application focuses on the transmission of Manchester-based on-off keying signals, in a proof-of-concept apparatus that makes use of the Eye Opening Penalty (EOP) metric to illustrate a comprehensive picture of the potentials of the evaluated VLC system. Parameters such as Light-Emitting Diode (LED) bias current, modulation frequency, line-of-sight link distance, and signal pattern were analyzed here. Experimental results show an outstanding behavior considering an LED bias current of 400 mA, a signal frequency of 1 MHz and a VLC transmission link length of 2.5 m. To validate our system, vital parameters as heart rate, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and non-intrusive blood pressure signals were transmitted for VLC links of 1.5, 5 and 15 m, which were received by a multi-parameter monitor, with EOP values of 0.89, 0.96 and 2.67 dB, respectively.</description><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Biomedical monitoring</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Communications systems</subject><subject>E-health</subject><subject>Encoding</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Intensive care</subject><subject>intensive care environments</subject><subject>Light emitting diodes</subject><subject>manchester coding</subject><subject>Modulation</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>On-Off Keying</subject><subject>Optical communication</subject><subject>Oxygen content</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Pattern analysis</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Temperature measurement</subject><subject>Visible light communication</subject><issn>2169-3536</issn><issn>2169-3536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ESBDL</sourceid><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUU1rGzEUXEIDCUl-QS6CntfVt7RHs6StqYMLbnIV0u6TI2NLqbQu5N9H6YYQXSRGM_OGN01zS_CCENx9W_b93Xa7oJiSBcNdxyU9ay4pkV3LBJNfPr0vmptS9rgeXSGhLhu3RPc2Dk9QJsjtZvMLPYYS3AHQOuyeJtSn4_EUw2CnkCLavlTaEfmU0e-KQJzQfYphSjnEHQoRreIEsYR_gHqbAT3Uv3LdnHt7KHDzfl81D9_v_vQ_2_Xmx6pfrtuBYz21TiuutRdMWeIsxV4L60atsZOCUcXBCa-9tlhaNdrRCTUqImk3aMsqDuyqWc2-Y7J785zD0eYXk2ww_4GUd8bmKQwHMFY7IJy5wSrJwetuZJR4EFpJ61hHq9fX2es5p7-nuhyzT6cca3xDhZBc10y6stjMGnIqJYP_mEqweevGzN2Yt27MezdVdTurAgB8KDrecSYkewUFd4qB</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Zwaag, Klaas Minne Van Der</creator><creator>Marinho, Marianne Pontara</creator><creator>Costa, Wesley Da Silva</creator><creator>De Assis Souza Dos Santos, Francisco</creator><creator>Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Freire</creator><creator>Rocha, Helder R. 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O.</au><au>Segatto, Marcelo E. V.</au><au>Silva, Jair A. L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Manchester-OOK Visible Light Communication System for Patient Monitoring in Intensive Care Units</atitle><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle><stitle>Access</stitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>9</volume><spage>104217</spage><epage>104226</epage><pages>104217-104226</pages><issn>2169-3536</issn><eissn>2169-3536</eissn><coden>IAECCG</coden><abstract>Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an interesting solution in Intensive Care (IC) medical environments to, among others, prevent the spread of emerging diseases. This work presents the design of a low-cost and stable VLC transceiver system in addition to practical characterizations and experimental performance evaluations for application in IC environments. The application focuses on the transmission of Manchester-based on-off keying signals, in a proof-of-concept apparatus that makes use of the Eye Opening Penalty (EOP) metric to illustrate a comprehensive picture of the potentials of the evaluated VLC system. Parameters such as Light-Emitting Diode (LED) bias current, modulation frequency, line-of-sight link distance, and signal pattern were analyzed here. Experimental results show an outstanding behavior considering an LED bias current of 400 mA, a signal frequency of 1 MHz and a VLC transmission link length of 2.5 m. To validate our system, vital parameters as heart rate, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and non-intrusive blood pressure signals were transmitted for VLC links of 1.5, 5 and 15 m, which were received by a multi-parameter monitor, with EOP values of 0.89, 0.96 and 2.67 dB, respectively.</abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3099462</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-2773</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-664X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-3703</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-184X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-992X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bias Biomedical monitoring Blood pressure Communications systems E-health Encoding Heart rate Intensive care intensive care environments Light emitting diodes manchester coding Modulation Monitoring On-Off Keying Optical communication Oxygen content Parameters Pattern analysis Performance evaluation Temperature measurement Visible light communication |
| title | A Manchester-OOK Visible Light Communication System for Patient Monitoring in Intensive Care Units |
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