Microwave‐Assisted Biosynthesis of CuO Nanoparticles Using Atalantia monophylla (L.) Leaf Extract and its Biomedical Applications

The facile and rapid biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (AM‐CuONPs) using Atalantia monophylla leaves extract under microwave irradiation is investigated. Optical and structural characterizations confirm the synthesis of spherical to rod‐shaped phase pure AM‐CuONPs. The antibacterial activity of AM‐CuONPs is higher with Gram‐positive bacteria compared to Gram‐negative bacteria. The antioxidant potential of AM‐CuONPs is reflected in radical scavenging activities in a concentration‐dependent manner, tested by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and 3‐ethylenebenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid diammonium salt assay. The promising anticancer activity of AM‐CuONPs is observed by killing ∼80 % of HeLa cells without affecting normal human embryonic kidney cells. The results reveal the potential of biosynthesized AM‐CuONPs for antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer applications. An eco‐friendly, facile, and rapid biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using the aqueous extract of Atalantia monophylla (AM) leaves by microwave irradiation is described. These bioactive heterogeneous AM‐CuONPs demonstrated efficient antibacterial activity against selective Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative strains as well as high antioxidant and anticancer activities.