Spectral Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of Cloud Discharges Trigged by Model Hydrometeors in an Artificial Thunderstorm Cloud

The spectral characteristics of electromagnetic radiation from cloud discharges triggered by groups of model hydrometeors in an artificial thunderstorm cloud are presented on the basis of wavelet analysis. It is found that these characteristics depend on the locations of cells of different polarity relative to the ground, on the location of groups of large hydrometeors in the cloud, and the way they are combined into a common array. The characteristic frequency ranges in the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of cloud discharges recorded on the Earth’s surface and at the height of an artificial thunderstorm cloud are determined. It is assumed that the bulk of large hailstones will modify the characteristics of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of cloud discharges in a thunderstorm cloud in different ways, depending on the movement of these hailstones near the areas of positive and negative charge of the thunderstorm cloud. It is found that the boundary frequencies in the spectrum of signals recorded on the Earth’s surface can reach 400 MHz, while they may achieve 1200 MHz at the height of the cloud. The risk of the impact of pulses of electromagnetic radiation from cloud discharges with the revealed spectral characteristics on digital elements of ground cyberphysical systems and aircraft in frequency ranges of mega- to gigahertz is analyzed.