Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks
Summary Due to the energy scarcity that the wireless sensor networks currently face, many energy‐efficient protocols have been developed and proposed in different layers, especially in the data link and network layers, as a large amount of energy consumed by the transceiver, idle‐listening, collisio...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of communication systems 2021-08, Vol.34 (12), p.n/a |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | n/a |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | |
| container_title | International journal of communication systems |
| container_volume | 34 |
| creator | Alabady, Salah Abdulghani Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur |
| description | Summary
Due to the energy scarcity that the wireless sensor networks currently face, many energy‐efficient protocols have been developed and proposed in different layers, especially in the data link and network layers, as a large amount of energy consumed by the transceiver, idle‐listening, collision, selecting the correct nodes to act as routers, long‐distance transmission, etc., which are the responsibility of data link and network layers. Since these protocols address the reasons for energy loss in one layer and neglect the treatment of energy loss in other layers, as each layer of the TCP/IP module has its own features and has no control over the other layers. Therefore, there was a need for a cross‐layer design. In this paper, an energy‐efficient cross‐layer between MAC layer and network layer has been proposed using slotted ALOHA based p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol and Enhance Energy Conservation based on Residual Energy and Distance (EECRED) in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the network lifetime. The performance of the proposed cross‐layer protocol is evaluated by simulating the protocol using the MATLAB simulation. The simulation results are compared with the Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based MAC/Routing cross‐layer protocol (FAMACRO), FAMACRO for wireless sensor networks (FAMACROW), fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and Energy‐efficient Cross‐layer‐sensing Clustering Method (ECCM) protocols to ensure the efficiency of the proposed cross‐layer. The simulation results show that the proposed cross‐layer protocol is very energy efficient, provides stable networks, consumes little energy, and significantly increases the life of the network compared to the single‐layer protocols where the improvement rate was 45%, 53%, 37%, 91%, and 28.72% compared to FAMACRO, FAMAROW, fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and ECCM protocols respectively in terms of the number of alive nodes or residual energy.
In this paper, a cross‐layer design between data link and network layers has been developed for energy efficiency. The proposed cross‐layer combines the functionality of the adaptive slotted ALOHA based on p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol, which reduces energy consumption by reducing idle‐listening and collisions with the functionality of the enhance energy conservation based on residual energy and distance (EECRED) protocol, which reduces energy consumption by selecting the correct nodes to act as relays and avoid transmission for |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/dac.4904 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2548465435</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2548465435</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2934-46e91366f54e1454dc4e71e25b729d723fbb099f2aa2f13b00dbb18a178d503b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kElOwzAUhi0EEqUgcQRLbNikeMywrFomqRIbWFt28ly5BKfYqaLsOAJn5CS4LVtWb9D3hv9H6JqSGSWE3TW6nomKiBM0oaSqMko5Pd3nhcgkl_QcXcS4IYSULJcTpJYQ3do7v8YaB2idNi1g7RsMHsJ6_Pn6Bmtd7cD3uA5djKnT6hEC3oau7-quxbYLeHBpGGLEEXxMtYd-6MJ7vERnVrcRrv7iFL093L8unrLVy-PzYr7KalZxkYkcKsrz3EoBVEjR1AIKCkyaglVNwbg1JqmxTGtmKTeENMbQUtOibCThhk_RzXFv-upzB7FXm24XfDqpmBSlyKXgMlG3R-qgJIBV2-A-dBgVJWpvn0r2qb19Cc2O6OBaGP_l1HK-OPC_8QVzQQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2548465435</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks</title><source>Wiley Journals</source><creator>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani ; Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</creator><creatorcontrib>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani ; Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</creatorcontrib><description>Summary
Due to the energy scarcity that the wireless sensor networks currently face, many energy‐efficient protocols have been developed and proposed in different layers, especially in the data link and network layers, as a large amount of energy consumed by the transceiver, idle‐listening, collision, selecting the correct nodes to act as routers, long‐distance transmission, etc., which are the responsibility of data link and network layers. Since these protocols address the reasons for energy loss in one layer and neglect the treatment of energy loss in other layers, as each layer of the TCP/IP module has its own features and has no control over the other layers. Therefore, there was a need for a cross‐layer design. In this paper, an energy‐efficient cross‐layer between MAC layer and network layer has been proposed using slotted ALOHA based p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol and Enhance Energy Conservation based on Residual Energy and Distance (EECRED) in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the network lifetime. The performance of the proposed cross‐layer protocol is evaluated by simulating the protocol using the MATLAB simulation. The simulation results are compared with the Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based MAC/Routing cross‐layer protocol (FAMACRO), FAMACRO for wireless sensor networks (FAMACROW), fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and Energy‐efficient Cross‐layer‐sensing Clustering Method (ECCM) protocols to ensure the efficiency of the proposed cross‐layer. The simulation results show that the proposed cross‐layer protocol is very energy efficient, provides stable networks, consumes little energy, and significantly increases the life of the network compared to the single‐layer protocols where the improvement rate was 45%, 53%, 37%, 91%, and 28.72% compared to FAMACRO, FAMAROW, fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and ECCM protocols respectively in terms of the number of alive nodes or residual energy.
In this paper, a cross‐layer design between data link and network layers has been developed for energy efficiency. The proposed cross‐layer combines the functionality of the adaptive slotted ALOHA based on p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol, which reduces energy consumption by reducing idle‐listening and collisions with the functionality of the enhance energy conservation based on residual energy and distance (EECRED) protocol, which reduces energy consumption by selecting the correct nodes to act as relays and avoid transmission for long distance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1074-5351</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-1131</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/dac.4904</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Ant colony optimization ; Clustering ; cross‐layer ; Data links ; EECRED ; Energy ; Energy conservation ; Energy consumption ; Energy dissipation ; energy‐efficient protocols ; FAMACRO ; FAMCROW ; fuzzy cross‐layer ; LEACH ; Nodes ; Protocol ; p‐persistent CSMA ; Residual energy ; Routers ; Sensors ; Simulation ; slotted‐ALOHA ; TCP/IP (protocol) ; Wireless networks ; Wireless sensor networks ; wireless sensor networks (WSNs)</subject><ispartof>International journal of communication systems, 2021-08, Vol.34 (12), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2934-46e91366f54e1454dc4e71e25b729d723fbb099f2aa2f13b00dbb18a178d503b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2934-46e91366f54e1454dc4e71e25b729d723fbb099f2aa2f13b00dbb18a178d503b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9687-2724</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fdac.4904$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fdac.4904$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</creatorcontrib><title>Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks</title><title>International journal of communication systems</title><description>Summary
Due to the energy scarcity that the wireless sensor networks currently face, many energy‐efficient protocols have been developed and proposed in different layers, especially in the data link and network layers, as a large amount of energy consumed by the transceiver, idle‐listening, collision, selecting the correct nodes to act as routers, long‐distance transmission, etc., which are the responsibility of data link and network layers. Since these protocols address the reasons for energy loss in one layer and neglect the treatment of energy loss in other layers, as each layer of the TCP/IP module has its own features and has no control over the other layers. Therefore, there was a need for a cross‐layer design. In this paper, an energy‐efficient cross‐layer between MAC layer and network layer has been proposed using slotted ALOHA based p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol and Enhance Energy Conservation based on Residual Energy and Distance (EECRED) in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the network lifetime. The performance of the proposed cross‐layer protocol is evaluated by simulating the protocol using the MATLAB simulation. The simulation results are compared with the Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based MAC/Routing cross‐layer protocol (FAMACRO), FAMACRO for wireless sensor networks (FAMACROW), fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and Energy‐efficient Cross‐layer‐sensing Clustering Method (ECCM) protocols to ensure the efficiency of the proposed cross‐layer. The simulation results show that the proposed cross‐layer protocol is very energy efficient, provides stable networks, consumes little energy, and significantly increases the life of the network compared to the single‐layer protocols where the improvement rate was 45%, 53%, 37%, 91%, and 28.72% compared to FAMACRO, FAMAROW, fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and ECCM protocols respectively in terms of the number of alive nodes or residual energy.
In this paper, a cross‐layer design between data link and network layers has been developed for energy efficiency. The proposed cross‐layer combines the functionality of the adaptive slotted ALOHA based on p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol, which reduces energy consumption by reducing idle‐listening and collisions with the functionality of the enhance energy conservation based on residual energy and distance (EECRED) protocol, which reduces energy consumption by selecting the correct nodes to act as relays and avoid transmission for long distance.</description><subject>Ant colony optimization</subject><subject>Clustering</subject><subject>cross‐layer</subject><subject>Data links</subject><subject>EECRED</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy conservation</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Energy dissipation</subject><subject>energy‐efficient protocols</subject><subject>FAMACRO</subject><subject>FAMCROW</subject><subject>fuzzy cross‐layer</subject><subject>LEACH</subject><subject>Nodes</subject><subject>Protocol</subject><subject>p‐persistent CSMA</subject><subject>Residual energy</subject><subject>Routers</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>slotted‐ALOHA</subject><subject>TCP/IP (protocol)</subject><subject>Wireless networks</subject><subject>Wireless sensor networks</subject><subject>wireless sensor networks (WSNs)</subject><issn>1074-5351</issn><issn>1099-1131</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kElOwzAUhi0EEqUgcQRLbNikeMywrFomqRIbWFt28ly5BKfYqaLsOAJn5CS4LVtWb9D3hv9H6JqSGSWE3TW6nomKiBM0oaSqMko5Pd3nhcgkl_QcXcS4IYSULJcTpJYQ3do7v8YaB2idNi1g7RsMHsJ6_Pn6Bmtd7cD3uA5djKnT6hEC3oau7-quxbYLeHBpGGLEEXxMtYd-6MJ7vERnVrcRrv7iFL093L8unrLVy-PzYr7KalZxkYkcKsrz3EoBVEjR1AIKCkyaglVNwbg1JqmxTGtmKTeENMbQUtOibCThhk_RzXFv-upzB7FXm24XfDqpmBSlyKXgMlG3R-qgJIBV2-A-dBgVJWpvn0r2qb19Cc2O6OBaGP_l1HK-OPC_8QVzQQ</recordid><startdate>202108</startdate><enddate>202108</enddate><creator>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani</creator><creator>Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-2724</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202108</creationdate><title>Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks</title><author>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani ; Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2934-46e91366f54e1454dc4e71e25b729d723fbb099f2aa2f13b00dbb18a178d503b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Ant colony optimization</topic><topic>Clustering</topic><topic>cross‐layer</topic><topic>Data links</topic><topic>EECRED</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy conservation</topic><topic>Energy consumption</topic><topic>Energy dissipation</topic><topic>energy‐efficient protocols</topic><topic>FAMACRO</topic><topic>FAMCROW</topic><topic>fuzzy cross‐layer</topic><topic>LEACH</topic><topic>Nodes</topic><topic>Protocol</topic><topic>p‐persistent CSMA</topic><topic>Residual energy</topic><topic>Routers</topic><topic>Sensors</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>slotted‐ALOHA</topic><topic>TCP/IP (protocol)</topic><topic>Wireless networks</topic><topic>Wireless sensor networks</topic><topic>wireless sensor networks (WSNs)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>International journal of communication systems</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alabady, Salah Abdulghani</au><au>Alhajji, Sukaina Shukur</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks</atitle><jtitle>International journal of communication systems</jtitle><date>2021-08</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>12</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>1074-5351</issn><eissn>1099-1131</eissn><abstract>Summary
Due to the energy scarcity that the wireless sensor networks currently face, many energy‐efficient protocols have been developed and proposed in different layers, especially in the data link and network layers, as a large amount of energy consumed by the transceiver, idle‐listening, collision, selecting the correct nodes to act as routers, long‐distance transmission, etc., which are the responsibility of data link and network layers. Since these protocols address the reasons for energy loss in one layer and neglect the treatment of energy loss in other layers, as each layer of the TCP/IP module has its own features and has no control over the other layers. Therefore, there was a need for a cross‐layer design. In this paper, an energy‐efficient cross‐layer between MAC layer and network layer has been proposed using slotted ALOHA based p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol and Enhance Energy Conservation based on Residual Energy and Distance (EECRED) in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the network lifetime. The performance of the proposed cross‐layer protocol is evaluated by simulating the protocol using the MATLAB simulation. The simulation results are compared with the Fuzzy and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based MAC/Routing cross‐layer protocol (FAMACRO), FAMACRO for wireless sensor networks (FAMACROW), fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and Energy‐efficient Cross‐layer‐sensing Clustering Method (ECCM) protocols to ensure the efficiency of the proposed cross‐layer. The simulation results show that the proposed cross‐layer protocol is very energy efficient, provides stable networks, consumes little energy, and significantly increases the life of the network compared to the single‐layer protocols where the improvement rate was 45%, 53%, 37%, 91%, and 28.72% compared to FAMACRO, FAMAROW, fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH, routing‐MAC, and ECCM protocols respectively in terms of the number of alive nodes or residual energy.
In this paper, a cross‐layer design between data link and network layers has been developed for energy efficiency. The proposed cross‐layer combines the functionality of the adaptive slotted ALOHA based on p‐persistent CSMA MAC protocol, which reduces energy consumption by reducing idle‐listening and collisions with the functionality of the enhance energy conservation based on residual energy and distance (EECRED) protocol, which reduces energy consumption by selecting the correct nodes to act as relays and avoid transmission for long distance.</abstract><cop>Chichester</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/dac.4904</doi><tpages>23</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-2724</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1074-5351 |
| ispartof | International journal of communication systems, 2021-08, Vol.34 (12), p.n/a |
| issn | 1074-5351 1099-1131 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2548465435 |
| source | Wiley Journals |
| subjects | Ant colony optimization Clustering cross‐layer Data links EECRED Energy Energy conservation Energy consumption Energy dissipation energy‐efficient protocols FAMACRO FAMCROW fuzzy cross‐layer LEACH Nodes Protocol p‐persistent CSMA Residual energy Routers Sensors Simulation slotted‐ALOHA TCP/IP (protocol) Wireless networks Wireless sensor networks wireless sensor networks (WSNs) |
| title | Designing a reliable and energy‐efficient cross‐layer protocol for wireless sensor networks |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-26T06%3A51%3A57IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Designing%20a%20reliable%20and%20energy%E2%80%90efficient%20cross%E2%80%90layer%20protocol%20for%20wireless%20sensor%20networks&rft.jtitle=International%20journal%20of%20communication%20systems&rft.au=Alabady,%20Salah%20Abdulghani&rft.date=2021-08&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=12&rft.epage=n/a&rft.issn=1074-5351&rft.eissn=1099-1131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/dac.4904&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2548465435%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2548465435&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |