Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review
Bioactive compounds in Raphanus sativus (radish) have been used to treat several diseases; therefore, radish has attracted increasing scientific attention due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition. The available evidence on the nutrient and bioactive composition of radish was systematical...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Trends in food science & technology 2021-07, Vol.113, p.205-218 |
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| creator | Gamba, Magda Asllanaj, Eralda Raguindin, Peter Francis Glisic, Marija Franco, Oscar H. Minder, Beatrice Bussler, Weston Metzger, Brandon Kern, Hua Muka, Taulant |
| description | Bioactive compounds in Raphanus sativus (radish) have been used to treat several diseases; therefore, radish has attracted increasing scientific attention due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition.
The available evidence on the nutrient and bioactive composition of radish was systematically assessed. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane trials) were searched, up to September 26th, 2020, for key articles assessing the chemical composition of radish. Two independent reviewers carried out screening, selection of articles, and data extraction.
Of 1214 references, 63 met our inclusion criteria. We found 609 chemical compounds within 23 categories. Red (30% of all studied varieties), white (13%), and black (6%) radish were the most studied varieties. Nutrients and phytochemicals were reported mainly in roots and leaves. The largest categories were flavonoids (38.8% of the reported data), non-flavonoid polyphenols (8.4%), terpenes and derivatives (8.2%), fat and fatty related compounds (6.4%), and glucosinolates and breakdown products (5.6%). Leaves have high concentrations of macronutrients, calcium, potassium, sodium, fiber, fatty acids, and non-flavonoid polyphenols while sprouts are a major source of flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins, β-carotene and vitamin C. Roots are rich in non-flavonoid polyphenols together with terpenes and derivatives, and glucosinolates, the latter also highly concentrated in seeds. Raphanus sativus is a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Leaves and sprouts could be considered part of a healthy diet, and together with roots, they could be explored as raw material for the development of nutraceuticals.
•Raphanus sativus (radish) has high nutritional and phytochemical potential.•Flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, are the most studied and reported compounds.•Leaves and sprouts have the highest amount of several nutrients and phytochemicals.•The identified compounds exert health benefits through various possible mechanisms.•Leaves and sprouts could be recommended as part of a healthy diet. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045 |
| format | Article |
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The available evidence on the nutrient and bioactive composition of radish was systematically assessed. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane trials) were searched, up to September 26th, 2020, for key articles assessing the chemical composition of radish. Two independent reviewers carried out screening, selection of articles, and data extraction.
Of 1214 references, 63 met our inclusion criteria. We found 609 chemical compounds within 23 categories. Red (30% of all studied varieties), white (13%), and black (6%) radish were the most studied varieties. Nutrients and phytochemicals were reported mainly in roots and leaves. The largest categories were flavonoids (38.8% of the reported data), non-flavonoid polyphenols (8.4%), terpenes and derivatives (8.2%), fat and fatty related compounds (6.4%), and glucosinolates and breakdown products (5.6%). Leaves have high concentrations of macronutrients, calcium, potassium, sodium, fiber, fatty acids, and non-flavonoid polyphenols while sprouts are a major source of flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins, β-carotene and vitamin C. Roots are rich in non-flavonoid polyphenols together with terpenes and derivatives, and glucosinolates, the latter also highly concentrated in seeds. Raphanus sativus is a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Leaves and sprouts could be considered part of a healthy diet, and together with roots, they could be explored as raw material for the development of nutraceuticals.
•Raphanus sativus (radish) has high nutritional and phytochemical potential.•Flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, are the most studied and reported compounds.•Leaves and sprouts have the highest amount of several nutrients and phytochemicals.•The identified compounds exert health benefits through various possible mechanisms.•Leaves and sprouts could be recommended as part of a healthy diet.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0924-2244</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3053</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Anthocyanins ; Ascorbic acid ; Bioactive compounds ; Biological activity ; Calcium ; Carotene ; Chemical composition ; Chemical compounds ; Fatty acids ; Flavonoids ; Functional foods & nutraceuticals ; Glucosinolates ; Healthy diet ; Leaves ; Nutrient availability ; Nutrients ; Nutritional profile ; Phytochemical composition ; Phytochemicals ; Polyphenols ; Potassium ; Radish ; Radishes ; Raphanus sativus ; Roots ; Seeds ; Terpenes ; β-Carotene</subject><ispartof>Trends in food science & technology, 2021-07, Vol.113, p.205-218</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jul 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-96a23122f0d494cbf0070f04dbbe873a752c5be61cbb20def9221aed0ac4db013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-96a23122f0d494cbf0070f04dbbe873a752c5be61cbb20def9221aed0ac4db013</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1345-2594 ; 0000-0003-2514-7036 ; 0000-0002-5703-2850 ; 0000-0001-9716-4746</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45974</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gamba, Magda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asllanaj, Eralda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raguindin, Peter Francis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glisic, Marija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franco, Oscar H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minder, Beatrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bussler, Weston</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Metzger, Brandon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kern, Hua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muka, Taulant</creatorcontrib><title>Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review</title><title>Trends in food science & technology</title><description>Bioactive compounds in Raphanus sativus (radish) have been used to treat several diseases; therefore, radish has attracted increasing scientific attention due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition.
The available evidence on the nutrient and bioactive composition of radish was systematically assessed. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane trials) were searched, up to September 26th, 2020, for key articles assessing the chemical composition of radish. Two independent reviewers carried out screening, selection of articles, and data extraction.
Of 1214 references, 63 met our inclusion criteria. We found 609 chemical compounds within 23 categories. Red (30% of all studied varieties), white (13%), and black (6%) radish were the most studied varieties. Nutrients and phytochemicals were reported mainly in roots and leaves. The largest categories were flavonoids (38.8% of the reported data), non-flavonoid polyphenols (8.4%), terpenes and derivatives (8.2%), fat and fatty related compounds (6.4%), and glucosinolates and breakdown products (5.6%). Leaves have high concentrations of macronutrients, calcium, potassium, sodium, fiber, fatty acids, and non-flavonoid polyphenols while sprouts are a major source of flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins, β-carotene and vitamin C. Roots are rich in non-flavonoid polyphenols together with terpenes and derivatives, and glucosinolates, the latter also highly concentrated in seeds. Raphanus sativus is a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Leaves and sprouts could be considered part of a healthy diet, and together with roots, they could be explored as raw material for the development of nutraceuticals.
•Raphanus sativus (radish) has high nutritional and phytochemical potential.•Flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, are the most studied and reported compounds.•Leaves and sprouts have the highest amount of several nutrients and phytochemicals.•The identified compounds exert health benefits through various possible mechanisms.•Leaves and sprouts could be recommended as part of a healthy diet.</description><subject>Anthocyanins</subject><subject>Ascorbic acid</subject><subject>Bioactive compounds</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Carotene</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Chemical compounds</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Functional foods & nutraceuticals</subject><subject>Glucosinolates</subject><subject>Healthy diet</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Nutrient availability</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutritional profile</subject><subject>Phytochemical composition</subject><subject>Phytochemicals</subject><subject>Polyphenols</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Radish</subject><subject>Radishes</subject><subject>Raphanus sativus</subject><subject>Roots</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Terpenes</subject><subject>β-Carotene</subject><issn>0924-2244</issn><issn>1879-3053</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UE1LxDAUDKLguvoHPAW86KH1JU3arXiRxS9YFETPMU0TmrLb1iRdWX-9KetZGHgwb-bxZhA6J5ASIPl1mwZrfEqBkhRYBD9AM7IoyiQDnh2iGZSUJZQydoxOvG8BIs35DH2-jMHZYPtOrrHsajw0u9CrRm-sioxqpJMqaGd_5CTCvcFO1tY3-PJNDo3sRo99XG1Hf3WD77Df-aA3kVDY6a3V36foyMi112d_c44-Hu7fl0_J6vXxeXm3SlRW0JCUuaQZodRAzUqmKgNQgAFWV5VeFJksOFW80jlRVUWh1qaklEhdg1RRAySbo4v93cH1X6P2QbT96GIqLyhnec4W8XxU0b1Kud57p40YnN1ItxMExNSkaMXUpJiaFMAieDTd7k06_h8zOeGV1Z3StXVaBVH39j_7L84ofkY</recordid><startdate>202107</startdate><enddate>202107</enddate><creator>Gamba, Magda</creator><creator>Asllanaj, Eralda</creator><creator>Raguindin, Peter Francis</creator><creator>Glisic, Marija</creator><creator>Franco, Oscar H.</creator><creator>Minder, Beatrice</creator><creator>Bussler, Weston</creator><creator>Metzger, Brandon</creator><creator>Kern, Hua</creator><creator>Muka, Taulant</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1345-2594</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-7036</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-2850</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9716-4746</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202107</creationdate><title>Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review</title><author>Gamba, Magda ; 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therefore, radish has attracted increasing scientific attention due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition.
The available evidence on the nutrient and bioactive composition of radish was systematically assessed. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane trials) were searched, up to September 26th, 2020, for key articles assessing the chemical composition of radish. Two independent reviewers carried out screening, selection of articles, and data extraction.
Of 1214 references, 63 met our inclusion criteria. We found 609 chemical compounds within 23 categories. Red (30% of all studied varieties), white (13%), and black (6%) radish were the most studied varieties. Nutrients and phytochemicals were reported mainly in roots and leaves. The largest categories were flavonoids (38.8% of the reported data), non-flavonoid polyphenols (8.4%), terpenes and derivatives (8.2%), fat and fatty related compounds (6.4%), and glucosinolates and breakdown products (5.6%). Leaves have high concentrations of macronutrients, calcium, potassium, sodium, fiber, fatty acids, and non-flavonoid polyphenols while sprouts are a major source of flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins, β-carotene and vitamin C. Roots are rich in non-flavonoid polyphenols together with terpenes and derivatives, and glucosinolates, the latter also highly concentrated in seeds. Raphanus sativus is a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Leaves and sprouts could be considered part of a healthy diet, and together with roots, they could be explored as raw material for the development of nutraceuticals.
•Raphanus sativus (radish) has high nutritional and phytochemical potential.•Flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, are the most studied and reported compounds.•Leaves and sprouts have the highest amount of several nutrients and phytochemicals.•The identified compounds exert health benefits through various possible mechanisms.•Leaves and sprouts could be recommended as part of a healthy diet.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.045</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1345-2594</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-7036</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-2850</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9716-4746</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anthocyanins Ascorbic acid Bioactive compounds Biological activity Calcium Carotene Chemical composition Chemical compounds Fatty acids Flavonoids Functional foods & nutraceuticals Glucosinolates Healthy diet Leaves Nutrient availability Nutrients Nutritional profile Phytochemical composition Phytochemicals Polyphenols Potassium Radish Radishes Raphanus sativus Roots Seeds Terpenes β-Carotene |
| title | Nutritional and phytochemical characterization of radish (Raphanus sativus): A systematic review |
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