A prognostic immune risk score for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma

Summary We constructed a prognostic score for persons with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on infiltrating immune cells. Data of 956 consecutive subjects were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and assigned to training (GSE10846, n = 305) or validation (GSE87371 n = 206...

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Veröffentlicht in:British journal of haematology 2021-07, Vol.194 (1), p.111-119
Hauptverfasser: Ma, Shu‐Yun, Tian, Xiao‐Peng, Cai, Jun, Su, Ning, Fang, Yu, Zhang, Yu‐Chen, Wang, Jin‐Ni, Peter Gale, Robert, Cai, Qing‐Qing
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container_title British journal of haematology
container_volume 194
creator Ma, Shu‐Yun
Tian, Xiao‐Peng
Cai, Jun
Su, Ning
Fang, Yu
Zhang, Yu‐Chen
Wang, Jin‐Ni
Peter Gale, Robert
Cai, Qing‐Qing
description Summary We constructed a prognostic score for persons with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on infiltrating immune cells. Data of 956 consecutive subjects were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and assigned to training (GSE10846, n = 305) or validation (GSE87371 n = 206 and GSE117556 n = 445 combined) cohorts. Proportions of non‐lymphoma cells in the sample were inferred using the ESTIMATE algorithm. An immune risk score was constructed comprised of eight types of non‐lymphoma immune cells calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Five‐year survival of subjects with an immune risk score ≤ 0·45 in the training cohort was better than that of subjects with a score > 0·45 (hazard ratio [HR] = 3·99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2·74, 5·82; P 
doi_str_mv 10.1111/bjh.17478
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Data of 956 consecutive subjects were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and assigned to training (GSE10846, n = 305) or validation (GSE87371 n = 206 and GSE117556 n = 445 combined) cohorts. Proportions of non‐lymphoma cells in the sample were inferred using the ESTIMATE algorithm. An immune risk score was constructed comprised of eight types of non‐lymphoma immune cells calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Five‐year survival of subjects with an immune risk score ≤ 0·45 in the training cohort was better than that of subjects with a score &gt; 0·45 (hazard ratio [HR] = 3·99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2·74, 5·82; P &lt; 0·001). HR in the validation cohort was HR = 2·17 (1·47, 3·21; P &lt; 0·001). Enrichment analyses indicated correlations with genes controlling immune‐related biological processes and pathways. A nomogram comprised of the immune risk score and most covariates including age, lactate dehydrogenase concentration (LDH), lymphoma‐type (germinal centre B cell [GCB] versus non‐GCB), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG‐PS) and rituximab therapy had a C‐statistic of 0·76 compared with C‐statistics of 0·69 and 0·69 for the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Revised International Prognostic Index (R‐IPI). These data indicate the immune risk score is an accurate, independent survival predictor in persons with DLBCL.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-1048</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17478</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33942291</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use ; B-cell lymphoma ; Databases, Genetic ; diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma ; Female ; Gene expression ; Gene Ontology ; Germinal Center - pathology ; Hematology ; Humans ; immune risk score ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; L-Lactate dehydrogenase ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood ; Lactic acid ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - classification ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - pathology ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - drug therapy ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - immunology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - mortality ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - pathology ; Male ; micro‐environment ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins - blood ; Nomograms ; Prognosis ; Risk Assessment ; Rituximab ; Severity of Illness Index ; Stromal Cells - pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment - immunology</subject><ispartof>British journal of haematology, 2021-07, Vol.194 (1), p.111-119</ispartof><rights>2021 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3888-cafb4a749bc834ddb03890f9876674e2c188da15ab631dc4105f34a0a32c4de3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3888-cafb4a749bc834ddb03890f9876674e2c188da15ab631dc4105f34a0a32c4de3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5447-3282 ; 0000-0003-3378-1520 ; 0000-0002-9156-1676</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fbjh.17478$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fbjh.17478$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33942291$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ma, Shu‐Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Xiao‐Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Ning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yu‐Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jin‐Ni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peter Gale, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Qing‐Qing</creatorcontrib><title>A prognostic immune risk score for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma</title><title>British journal of haematology</title><addtitle>Br J Haematol</addtitle><description>Summary We constructed a prognostic score for persons with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on infiltrating immune cells. Data of 956 consecutive subjects were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and assigned to training (GSE10846, n = 305) or validation (GSE87371 n = 206 and GSE117556 n = 445 combined) cohorts. Proportions of non‐lymphoma cells in the sample were inferred using the ESTIMATE algorithm. An immune risk score was constructed comprised of eight types of non‐lymphoma immune cells calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Five‐year survival of subjects with an immune risk score ≤ 0·45 in the training cohort was better than that of subjects with a score &gt; 0·45 (hazard ratio [HR] = 3·99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2·74, 5·82; P &lt; 0·001). HR in the validation cohort was HR = 2·17 (1·47, 3·21; P &lt; 0·001). Enrichment analyses indicated correlations with genes controlling immune‐related biological processes and pathways. A nomogram comprised of the immune risk score and most covariates including age, lactate dehydrogenase concentration (LDH), lymphoma‐type (germinal centre B cell [GCB] versus non‐GCB), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG‐PS) and rituximab therapy had a C‐statistic of 0·76 compared with C‐statistics of 0·69 and 0·69 for the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Revised International Prognostic Index (R‐IPI). 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Tian, Xiao‐Peng ; Cai, Jun ; Su, Ning ; Fang, Yu ; Zhang, Yu‐Chen ; Wang, Jin‐Ni ; Peter Gale, Robert ; Cai, Qing‐Qing</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3888-cafb4a749bc834ddb03890f9876674e2c188da15ab631dc4105f34a0a32c4de3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use</topic><topic>B-cell lymphoma</topic><topic>Databases, Genetic</topic><topic>diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Ontology</topic><topic>Germinal Center - pathology</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>immune risk score</topic><topic>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</topic><topic>L-Lactate dehydrogenase</topic><topic>L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood</topic><topic>Lactic acid</topic><topic>Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - classification</topic><topic>Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - pathology</topic><topic>Lymphoma</topic><topic>Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - drug therapy</topic><topic>Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - immunology</topic><topic>Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - mortality</topic><topic>Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - pathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>micro‐environment</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neoplasm Proteins - blood</topic><topic>Nomograms</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Rituximab</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Stromal Cells - pathology</topic><topic>Tumor Microenvironment - immunology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ma, Shu‐Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Xiao‐Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Ning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yu‐Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jin‐Ni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peter Gale, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Qing‐Qing</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>British journal of haematology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ma, Shu‐Yun</au><au>Tian, Xiao‐Peng</au><au>Cai, Jun</au><au>Su, Ning</au><au>Fang, Yu</au><au>Zhang, Yu‐Chen</au><au>Wang, Jin‐Ni</au><au>Peter Gale, Robert</au><au>Cai, Qing‐Qing</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A prognostic immune risk score for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma</atitle><jtitle>British journal of haematology</jtitle><addtitle>Br J Haematol</addtitle><date>2021-07</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>194</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>111</spage><epage>119</epage><pages>111-119</pages><issn>0007-1048</issn><eissn>1365-2141</eissn><abstract>Summary We constructed a prognostic score for persons with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on infiltrating immune cells. Data of 956 consecutive subjects were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and assigned to training (GSE10846, n = 305) or validation (GSE87371 n = 206 and GSE117556 n = 445 combined) cohorts. Proportions of non‐lymphoma cells in the sample were inferred using the ESTIMATE algorithm. An immune risk score was constructed comprised of eight types of non‐lymphoma immune cells calculated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Five‐year survival of subjects with an immune risk score ≤ 0·45 in the training cohort was better than that of subjects with a score &gt; 0·45 (hazard ratio [HR] = 3·99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2·74, 5·82; P &lt; 0·001). HR in the validation cohort was HR = 2·17 (1·47, 3·21; P &lt; 0·001). Enrichment analyses indicated correlations with genes controlling immune‐related biological processes and pathways. A nomogram comprised of the immune risk score and most covariates including age, lactate dehydrogenase concentration (LDH), lymphoma‐type (germinal centre B cell [GCB] versus non‐GCB), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG‐PS) and rituximab therapy had a C‐statistic of 0·76 compared with C‐statistics of 0·69 and 0·69 for the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Revised International Prognostic Index (R‐IPI). These data indicate the immune risk score is an accurate, independent survival predictor in persons with DLBCL.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>33942291</pmid><doi>10.1111/bjh.17478</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-3282</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-1520</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9156-1676</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Algorithms
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use
B-cell lymphoma
Databases, Genetic
diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Female
Gene expression
Gene Ontology
Germinal Center - pathology
Hematology
Humans
immune risk score
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
L-Lactate dehydrogenase
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood
Lactic acid
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - classification
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - pathology
Lymphoma
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - drug therapy
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - immunology
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - mortality
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - pathology
Male
micro‐environment
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Proteins - blood
Nomograms
Prognosis
Risk Assessment
Rituximab
Severity of Illness Index
Stromal Cells - pathology
Tumor Microenvironment - immunology
title A prognostic immune risk score for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
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