Occurrence, Profiles and Ecological Risk of Bisphenol Analogues in a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant
Due to the strict control on bisphenol A (BPA) in many countries, bisphenol analogues (BPs) are being widely used as alternative materials to manufacture epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, resulting in their occurrence in sewage treatment plants (STPs). In this study, the occurrence and distri...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2021-06, Vol.106 (6), p.1044-1049 |
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| creator | Gu, Deming Song, Zhongxian Kang, Haiyan Mao, Yanli Feng, Qiyan |
| description | Due to the strict control on bisphenol A (BPA) in many countries, bisphenol analogues (BPs) are being widely used as alternative materials to manufacture epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, resulting in their occurrence in sewage treatment plants (STPs). In this study, the occurrence and distribution of 7 BPs in a large-scale STP in Beijing China was investigated. Wastewater samples were collected from the influents and effluents of each processing unit, and extracted by solid-phase extraction. Target compounds were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The total concentrations of seven BPs (ΣBPs) were 400.42 ± 48.12 ng/L in the raw sewage, 438.60 ± 46.50 ng/L in the primary effluent, 17.21 ± 13.12 ng/L in the secondary effluent, and 11.33 ± 4.84 ng/L in the tertiary effluent, respectively. Bisphenol S (BPS) and BPA were the predominant congener in raw sewage with an overall contribution of 29.32% and 70.22% to the ΣBPs, indicating that there was a large amount of BPS and BPA consumption in the study area. During a one-week sampling period, ΣBPs changed slightly at the same sampling site. It was found that high removal efficiencies were achieved for BPs in anoxic and oxic secondary clarifier treatment units, suggesting that biodegradation and sorption played major roles in BPs elimination in the STP. After tertiary treatment, all BPs except BPA were completely removed, suggesting the necessity to investigate the fate and toxicity of BPA in the aquatic environment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00128-021-03214-7 |
| format | Article |
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In this study, the occurrence and distribution of 7 BPs in a large-scale STP in Beijing China was investigated. Wastewater samples were collected from the influents and effluents of each processing unit, and extracted by solid-phase extraction. Target compounds were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The total concentrations of seven BPs (ΣBPs) were 400.42 ± 48.12 ng/L in the raw sewage, 438.60 ± 46.50 ng/L in the primary effluent, 17.21 ± 13.12 ng/L in the secondary effluent, and 11.33 ± 4.84 ng/L in the tertiary effluent, respectively. Bisphenol S (BPS) and BPA were the predominant congener in raw sewage with an overall contribution of 29.32% and 70.22% to the ΣBPs, indicating that there was a large amount of BPS and BPA consumption in the study area. During a one-week sampling period, ΣBPs changed slightly at the same sampling site. It was found that high removal efficiencies were achieved for BPs in anoxic and oxic secondary clarifier treatment units, suggesting that biodegradation and sorption played major roles in BPs elimination in the STP. After tertiary treatment, all BPs except BPA were completely removed, suggesting the necessity to investigate the fate and toxicity of BPA in the aquatic environment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-4861</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0800</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03214-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33825910</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Aquatic environment ; Aquatic Pollution ; Biodegradation ; Bisphenol A ; Congeners ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Effluents ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Epoxy resins ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Influents ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Municipal wastes ; Municipal wastewater ; Pollution ; Polycarbonate ; Raw sewage ; Sampling ; Sewage disposal ; Sewage treatment plants ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Solid phases ; Toxicity ; Waste Water Technology ; Wastewater ; Wastewater treatment plants ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2021-06, Vol.106 (6), p.1044-1049</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ac857bd064ddcc905bab5e2fa2569d4b9fe9b141299a74a2fdfe7ad9f8c9e4253</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ac857bd064ddcc905bab5e2fa2569d4b9fe9b141299a74a2fdfe7ad9f8c9e4253</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7945-8169</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00128-021-03214-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00128-021-03214-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33825910$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gu, Deming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Zhongxian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Haiyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mao, Yanli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Qiyan</creatorcontrib><title>Occurrence, Profiles and Ecological Risk of Bisphenol Analogues in a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant</title><title>Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology</title><addtitle>Bull Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><addtitle>Bull Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><description>Due to the strict control on bisphenol A (BPA) in many countries, bisphenol analogues (BPs) are being widely used as alternative materials to manufacture epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, resulting in their occurrence in sewage treatment plants (STPs). In this study, the occurrence and distribution of 7 BPs in a large-scale STP in Beijing China was investigated. Wastewater samples were collected from the influents and effluents of each processing unit, and extracted by solid-phase extraction. Target compounds were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The total concentrations of seven BPs (ΣBPs) were 400.42 ± 48.12 ng/L in the raw sewage, 438.60 ± 46.50 ng/L in the primary effluent, 17.21 ± 13.12 ng/L in the secondary effluent, and 11.33 ± 4.84 ng/L in the tertiary effluent, respectively. Bisphenol S (BPS) and BPA were the predominant congener in raw sewage with an overall contribution of 29.32% and 70.22% to the ΣBPs, indicating that there was a large amount of BPS and BPA consumption in the study area. During a one-week sampling period, ΣBPs changed slightly at the same sampling site. It was found that high removal efficiencies were achieved for BPs in anoxic and oxic secondary clarifier treatment units, suggesting that biodegradation and sorption played major roles in BPs elimination in the STP. After tertiary treatment, all BPs except BPA were completely removed, suggesting the necessity to investigate the fate and toxicity of BPA in the aquatic environment.</description><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Biodegradation</subject><subject>Bisphenol A</subject><subject>Congeners</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Effluents</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>High performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Influents</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Municipal wastes</subject><subject>Municipal wastewater</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Polycarbonate</subject><subject>Raw sewage</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Sewage 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Toxicol</addtitle><date>2021-06-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>106</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1044</spage><epage>1049</epage><pages>1044-1049</pages><issn>0007-4861</issn><eissn>1432-0800</eissn><abstract>Due to the strict control on bisphenol A (BPA) in many countries, bisphenol analogues (BPs) are being widely used as alternative materials to manufacture epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, resulting in their occurrence in sewage treatment plants (STPs). 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It was found that high removal efficiencies were achieved for BPs in anoxic and oxic secondary clarifier treatment units, suggesting that biodegradation and sorption played major roles in BPs elimination in the STP. After tertiary treatment, all BPs except BPA were completely removed, suggesting the necessity to investigate the fate and toxicity of BPA in the aquatic environment.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>33825910</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00128-021-03214-7</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7945-8169</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquatic environment Aquatic Pollution Biodegradation Bisphenol A Congeners Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Effluents Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Epoxy resins High performance liquid chromatography Influents Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Municipal wastes Municipal wastewater Pollution Polycarbonate Raw sewage Sampling Sewage disposal Sewage treatment plants Soil Science & Conservation Solid phases Toxicity Waste Water Technology Wastewater Wastewater treatment plants Water Management Water Pollution Control |
| title | Occurrence, Profiles and Ecological Risk of Bisphenol Analogues in a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant |
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