Functional characterization of two 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 homeologs from Xenopus laevis reveals multispecificity
•Identification of amphibian 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Cortisone is not a physiological substrate for X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Substrate multispecificity is present in both X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 homeologs.•Involvement in steroid catabolism and pheromone synthesis is likely. The African cla...
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| creator | Tokarz, Janina Schmitt, Stefan M. Möller, Gabriele Brändli, André W. Adamski, Jerzy |
| description | •Identification of amphibian 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Cortisone is not a physiological substrate for X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Substrate multispecificity is present in both X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 homeologs.•Involvement in steroid catabolism and pheromone synthesis is likely.
The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is a versatile model for biomedical research and is largely similar to mammals in terms of organ development, anatomy, physiology, and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Steroid hormones control a variety of processes and their levels are regulated by hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs). The subfamily of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes currently comprises eight members from teleost fish and mammals. Here, we report the identification of three 20β-HSD type 2 genes in X. tropicalis and X. laevis and the functional characterization of the two homeologs from X. laevis. X. laevis Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S showed high sequence identity with known 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes and mapped to the two subgenomes of the allotetraploid frog genome. Both homeologs are expressed during embryonic development and in adult tissues, with strongest signals in liver, kidney, intestine, and skin. After recombinant expression in human cell lines, both enzymes co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzed the conversion of cortisone to 20β-dihydrocortisone. Both Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S catalyzed the 20β-reduction of further C21 steroids (17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone), while only Hsd20b2.S was able to convert corticosterone and cortisol to their 20β-reduced metabolites. Estrone was only a poor and androstenedione no substrate for both enzymes. Our results demonstrate multispecificity of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes from X. laevis similar to other teleost 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes. X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes are probably involved in steroid catabolism and in the generation of pheromones for intraspecies communication. A role in oocyte maturation is unlikely. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105874 |
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The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is a versatile model for biomedical research and is largely similar to mammals in terms of organ development, anatomy, physiology, and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Steroid hormones control a variety of processes and their levels are regulated by hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs). The subfamily of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes currently comprises eight members from teleost fish and mammals. Here, we report the identification of three 20β-HSD type 2 genes in X. tropicalis and X. laevis and the functional characterization of the two homeologs from X. laevis. X. laevis Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S showed high sequence identity with known 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes and mapped to the two subgenomes of the allotetraploid frog genome. Both homeologs are expressed during embryonic development and in adult tissues, with strongest signals in liver, kidney, intestine, and skin. After recombinant expression in human cell lines, both enzymes co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzed the conversion of cortisone to 20β-dihydrocortisone. Both Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S catalyzed the 20β-reduction of further C21 steroids (17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone), while only Hsd20b2.S was able to convert corticosterone and cortisol to their 20β-reduced metabolites. Estrone was only a poor and androstenedione no substrate for both enzymes. Our results demonstrate multispecificity of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes from X. laevis similar to other teleost 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes. X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes are probably involved in steroid catabolism and in the generation of pheromones for intraspecies communication. A role in oocyte maturation is unlikely.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-0760</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1220</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105874</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33722706</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>20β-reduction ; Androstenedione ; Cell lines ; Chemical communication ; Corticosterone ; Cortisol ; Cortisone ; Embryogenesis ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Enzymes ; Estrone ; Frog ; Frogs ; Genomes ; hsd20b2 ; Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ; Intestine ; Kidneys ; Medical research ; Pheromones ; Progesterone ; Steroid catabolism ; Steroid hormones ; Xenopus laevis</subject><ispartof>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2021-06, Vol.210, p.105874, Article 105874</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jun 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c382t-ed261370a4af8636ffdd5cb14302618975fc2983b54a83304693b6082c3959103</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4344-4149 ; 0000-0001-9259-0199 ; 0000-0003-3268-2627 ; 0000-0002-8932-3644</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105874$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27911,27912,45982</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33722706$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tokarz, Janina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmitt, Stefan M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möller, Gabriele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brändli, André W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamski, Jerzy</creatorcontrib><title>Functional characterization of two 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 homeologs from Xenopus laevis reveals multispecificity</title><title>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</title><addtitle>J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol</addtitle><description>•Identification of amphibian 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Cortisone is not a physiological substrate for X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Substrate multispecificity is present in both X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 homeologs.•Involvement in steroid catabolism and pheromone synthesis is likely.
The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is a versatile model for biomedical research and is largely similar to mammals in terms of organ development, anatomy, physiology, and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Steroid hormones control a variety of processes and their levels are regulated by hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs). The subfamily of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes currently comprises eight members from teleost fish and mammals. Here, we report the identification of three 20β-HSD type 2 genes in X. tropicalis and X. laevis and the functional characterization of the two homeologs from X. laevis. X. laevis Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S showed high sequence identity with known 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes and mapped to the two subgenomes of the allotetraploid frog genome. Both homeologs are expressed during embryonic development and in adult tissues, with strongest signals in liver, kidney, intestine, and skin. After recombinant expression in human cell lines, both enzymes co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzed the conversion of cortisone to 20β-dihydrocortisone. Both Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S catalyzed the 20β-reduction of further C21 steroids (17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone), while only Hsd20b2.S was able to convert corticosterone and cortisol to their 20β-reduced metabolites. Estrone was only a poor and androstenedione no substrate for both enzymes. Our results demonstrate multispecificity of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes from X. laevis similar to other teleost 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes. X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes are probably involved in steroid catabolism and in the generation of pheromones for intraspecies communication. A role in oocyte maturation is unlikely.</description><subject>20β-reduction</subject><subject>Androstenedione</subject><subject>Cell lines</subject><subject>Chemical communication</subject><subject>Corticosterone</subject><subject>Cortisol</subject><subject>Cortisone</subject><subject>Embryogenesis</subject><subject>Endoplasmic reticulum</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Estrone</subject><subject>Frog</subject><subject>Frogs</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>hsd20b2</subject><subject>Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Pheromones</subject><subject>Progesterone</subject><subject>Steroid catabolism</subject><subject>Steroid hormones</subject><subject>Xenopus laevis</subject><issn>0960-0760</issn><issn>1879-1220</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEGO1DAQRS0EYpqBEyAhS6zTlO3ESRYs0IgBpJHYgMTOcuzytKMkDrbTEJYciYNwJtLTA0tWJf3_65fqEfKcwZ4Bk6_6fZ-6sdtz4GxTqqYuH5Ada-q2YJzDQ7KDVkIBtYQL8iSlHgCEYPVjciFEzXkNckd-Xi-TyT5MeqDmoKM2GaP_oU8SDY7mb4Fy-P2rOKw2hu9r2uzgLbV4J9zipBPSvM5IOT2EEcMQbhN1MYz0C05hXhIdNB59ohGPqIdEx2XIPs1ovPPG5_UpeeQ2HZ_dz0vy-frtp6v3xc3Hdx-u3twURjQ8F2i5ZKIGXWrXSCGds7YyHSsFbEbT1pUzvG1EV5W6EQJK2YpOQsONaKuWgbgkL8-9cwxfF0xZ9WGJ2-NJ8Uq0bclKybeUOKdMDClFdGqOftRxVQzUibvq1R13deKuzty3rRf33Us3ov238xf0Fnh9DuD24dFjVMl4nAxaH9FkZYP_74E_hgSXJw</recordid><startdate>202106</startdate><enddate>202106</enddate><creator>Tokarz, Janina</creator><creator>Schmitt, Stefan M.</creator><creator>Möller, Gabriele</creator><creator>Brändli, André W.</creator><creator>Adamski, Jerzy</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-4149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-0199</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-2627</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8932-3644</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202106</creationdate><title>Functional characterization of two 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 homeologs from Xenopus laevis reveals multispecificity</title><author>Tokarz, Janina ; Schmitt, Stefan M. ; Möller, Gabriele ; Brändli, André W. ; Adamski, Jerzy</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c382t-ed261370a4af8636ffdd5cb14302618975fc2983b54a83304693b6082c3959103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>20β-reduction</topic><topic>Androstenedione</topic><topic>Cell lines</topic><topic>Chemical communication</topic><topic>Corticosterone</topic><topic>Cortisol</topic><topic>Cortisone</topic><topic>Embryogenesis</topic><topic>Endoplasmic reticulum</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Estrone</topic><topic>Frog</topic><topic>Frogs</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>hsd20b2</topic><topic>Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase</topic><topic>Intestine</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Pheromones</topic><topic>Progesterone</topic><topic>Steroid catabolism</topic><topic>Steroid hormones</topic><topic>Xenopus laevis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tokarz, Janina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmitt, Stefan M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möller, Gabriele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brändli, André W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamski, Jerzy</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tokarz, Janina</au><au>Schmitt, Stefan M.</au><au>Möller, Gabriele</au><au>Brändli, André W.</au><au>Adamski, Jerzy</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Functional characterization of two 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 homeologs from Xenopus laevis reveals multispecificity</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology</jtitle><addtitle>J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol</addtitle><date>2021-06</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>210</volume><spage>105874</spage><pages>105874-</pages><artnum>105874</artnum><issn>0960-0760</issn><eissn>1879-1220</eissn><abstract>•Identification of amphibian 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Cortisone is not a physiological substrate for X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes.•Substrate multispecificity is present in both X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 homeologs.•Involvement in steroid catabolism and pheromone synthesis is likely.
The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is a versatile model for biomedical research and is largely similar to mammals in terms of organ development, anatomy, physiology, and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Steroid hormones control a variety of processes and their levels are regulated by hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs). The subfamily of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes currently comprises eight members from teleost fish and mammals. Here, we report the identification of three 20β-HSD type 2 genes in X. tropicalis and X. laevis and the functional characterization of the two homeologs from X. laevis. X. laevis Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S showed high sequence identity with known 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes and mapped to the two subgenomes of the allotetraploid frog genome. Both homeologs are expressed during embryonic development and in adult tissues, with strongest signals in liver, kidney, intestine, and skin. After recombinant expression in human cell lines, both enzymes co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzed the conversion of cortisone to 20β-dihydrocortisone. Both Hsd20b2.L and Hsd20b2.S catalyzed the 20β-reduction of further C21 steroids (17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone), while only Hsd20b2.S was able to convert corticosterone and cortisol to their 20β-reduced metabolites. Estrone was only a poor and androstenedione no substrate for both enzymes. Our results demonstrate multispecificity of 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes from X. laevis similar to other teleost 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes. X. laevis 20β-HSD type 2 enzymes are probably involved in steroid catabolism and in the generation of pheromones for intraspecies communication. A role in oocyte maturation is unlikely.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>33722706</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105874</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-4149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-0199</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-2627</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8932-3644</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 20β-reduction Androstenedione Cell lines Chemical communication Corticosterone Cortisol Cortisone Embryogenesis Endoplasmic reticulum Enzymes Estrone Frog Frogs Genomes hsd20b2 Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Intestine Kidneys Medical research Pheromones Progesterone Steroid catabolism Steroid hormones Xenopus laevis |
| title | Functional characterization of two 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 homeologs from Xenopus laevis reveals multispecificity |
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