Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review
Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Preve...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Research in veterinary science 2021-07, Vol.137, p.9-29 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 29 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | |
| container_start_page | 9 |
| container_title | Research in veterinary science |
| container_volume | 137 |
| creator | Alagawany, Mahmoud Elnesr, Shaaban S. Farag, Mayada R. Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E. Barkat, Rasha A. Gabr, Amr A. Foda, Manar A. Noreldin, Ahmed E. Khafaga, Asmaa F. El-Sabrout, Karim Elwan, Hamada A.M. Tiwari, Ruchi Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal Michalak, Izabela Di Cerbo, Alessandro Dhama, Kuldeep |
| description | Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Prevention of the antibiotics use in the poultry diets led to the reduction in the growth performance. Consequently, there is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health. These constituents play essential roles in regulating the normal physiological functions of animals including the protection from infectious ailments. Nutraceuticals administration resulted beneficial in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Being the natural components of diet, they are compatible with it and do not pose risks associated with antibiotics or other drugs. Nutraceuticals are categorized as commercial additives obtained from natural products as an alternative feed supplement for the improvement of animal welfare. This group includes enzymes, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present review, the summary of various bioactive ingredients that act as nutraceuticals and their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of the immune system has been presented.
•There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products and to find safer and healthier alternatives.•There is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health.•Nutraceutical have essential roles in developing the normal physiological functions of animals.•The nutraceutical can be defined as a natural substance added in food to provide health or medical benefits.•Nutraceuticals are categorized as new commercial additives obtained from the nature as an alternative feed supplement. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2538015536</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0034528821001089</els_id><sourcerecordid>2538015536</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-3d474e8c53d16f837abd4aa052ceaf9ce9a7bc46b9d31785dc3806ac0d1dbf9d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1r3DAQhkVpaDZJ_0APRdCz3ZElf0EvIaRtINAcmrOQpTGrxbbckbwl_75aNu2xp4HhmXd4H8Y-CCgFiObzoaRjtGUFlShBlQD9G7YTtayKqmnEW7YDkKqoq667ZFcxHgBACdG-Y5dS9plr1I7hU0i4JG8mTmFCHkbu5zVQMkviy5bIWNySt2aK3C98DduU6IWvSGOg2SwWuVkc36OZ0p4X_JbbMK-Ee1yiPyInPHr8fcMuxpyA71_nNXv-ev_z7nvx-OPbw93tY2FVDamQTrUKO1tLJ5qxk60ZnDIG6sqiGXuLvWkHq5qhd1K0Xe2s7KAxFpxww5iX1-zTOXel8GvDmPQhbLTkl7qqMyvq3DpT1ZmyFGIkHPVKfjb0ogXok1l90Cez-mRWg9LZbD76-Bq9DTO6fyd_VWbgyxnAXDCXJh2txyzIeUKbtAv-f_l_AFVVjEc</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2538015536</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Alagawany, Mahmoud ; Elnesr, Shaaban S. ; Farag, Mayada R. ; Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E. ; Barkat, Rasha A. ; Gabr, Amr A. ; Foda, Manar A. ; Noreldin, Ahmed E. ; Khafaga, Asmaa F. ; El-Sabrout, Karim ; Elwan, Hamada A.M. ; Tiwari, Ruchi ; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal ; Michalak, Izabela ; Di Cerbo, Alessandro ; Dhama, Kuldeep</creator><creatorcontrib>Alagawany, Mahmoud ; Elnesr, Shaaban S. ; Farag, Mayada R. ; Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E. ; Barkat, Rasha A. ; Gabr, Amr A. ; Foda, Manar A. ; Noreldin, Ahmed E. ; Khafaga, Asmaa F. ; El-Sabrout, Karim ; Elwan, Hamada A.M. ; Tiwari, Ruchi ; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal ; Michalak, Izabela ; Di Cerbo, Alessandro ; Dhama, Kuldeep</creatorcontrib><description>Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Prevention of the antibiotics use in the poultry diets led to the reduction in the growth performance. Consequently, there is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health. These constituents play essential roles in regulating the normal physiological functions of animals including the protection from infectious ailments. Nutraceuticals administration resulted beneficial in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Being the natural components of diet, they are compatible with it and do not pose risks associated with antibiotics or other drugs. Nutraceuticals are categorized as commercial additives obtained from natural products as an alternative feed supplement for the improvement of animal welfare. This group includes enzymes, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present review, the summary of various bioactive ingredients that act as nutraceuticals and their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of the immune system has been presented.
•There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products and to find safer and healthier alternatives.•There is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health.•Nutraceutical have essential roles in developing the normal physiological functions of animals.•The nutraceutical can be defined as a natural substance added in food to provide health or medical benefits.•Nutraceuticals are categorized as new commercial additives obtained from the nature as an alternative feed supplement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0034-5288</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2661</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33915364</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Additives ; Animal ; Animal products ; Animal welfare ; Antibiotic resistance ; Antibiotics ; Bacteria ; Diet ; Drug resistance ; Fatty acids ; Feed supplements ; Feeds ; Food ; Functional foods & nutraceuticals ; Health ; Immune system ; Immunity ; Immunosuppressive agents ; Infectious diseases ; Microbiota ; Microorganisms ; Mode of action ; Morphology ; Natural products ; Nutraceuticals ; Organic acids ; Pathogens ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Poultry ; Prevention ; Probiotics ; Veterinary medicine</subject><ispartof>Research in veterinary science, 2021-07, Vol.137, p.9-29</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2021. Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-3d474e8c53d16f837abd4aa052ceaf9ce9a7bc46b9d31785dc3806ac0d1dbf9d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-3d474e8c53d16f837abd4aa052ceaf9ce9a7bc46b9d31785dc3806ac0d1dbf9d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034528821001089$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33915364$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alagawany, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elnesr, Shaaban S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farag, Mayada R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barkat, Rasha A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabr, Amr A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foda, Manar A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noreldin, Ahmed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khafaga, Asmaa F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Sabrout, Karim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elwan, Hamada A.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiwari, Ruchi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michalak, Izabela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Cerbo, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhama, Kuldeep</creatorcontrib><title>Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review</title><title>Research in veterinary science</title><addtitle>Res Vet Sci</addtitle><description>Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Prevention of the antibiotics use in the poultry diets led to the reduction in the growth performance. Consequently, there is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health. These constituents play essential roles in regulating the normal physiological functions of animals including the protection from infectious ailments. Nutraceuticals administration resulted beneficial in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Being the natural components of diet, they are compatible with it and do not pose risks associated with antibiotics or other drugs. Nutraceuticals are categorized as commercial additives obtained from natural products as an alternative feed supplement for the improvement of animal welfare. This group includes enzymes, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present review, the summary of various bioactive ingredients that act as nutraceuticals and their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of the immune system has been presented.
•There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products and to find safer and healthier alternatives.•There is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health.•Nutraceutical have essential roles in developing the normal physiological functions of animals.•The nutraceutical can be defined as a natural substance added in food to provide health or medical benefits.•Nutraceuticals are categorized as new commercial additives obtained from the nature as an alternative feed supplement.</description><subject>Additives</subject><subject>Animal</subject><subject>Animal products</subject><subject>Animal welfare</subject><subject>Antibiotic resistance</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Feed supplements</subject><subject>Feeds</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Functional foods & nutraceuticals</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Immunosuppressive agents</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Mode of action</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Natural products</subject><subject>Nutraceuticals</subject><subject>Organic acids</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Poultry</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Probiotics</subject><subject>Veterinary medicine</subject><issn>0034-5288</issn><issn>1532-2661</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1r3DAQhkVpaDZJ_0APRdCz3ZElf0EvIaRtINAcmrOQpTGrxbbckbwl_75aNu2xp4HhmXd4H8Y-CCgFiObzoaRjtGUFlShBlQD9G7YTtayKqmnEW7YDkKqoq667ZFcxHgBACdG-Y5dS9plr1I7hU0i4JG8mTmFCHkbu5zVQMkviy5bIWNySt2aK3C98DduU6IWvSGOg2SwWuVkc36OZ0p4X_JbbMK-Ee1yiPyInPHr8fcMuxpyA71_nNXv-ev_z7nvx-OPbw93tY2FVDamQTrUKO1tLJ5qxk60ZnDIG6sqiGXuLvWkHq5qhd1K0Xe2s7KAxFpxww5iX1-zTOXel8GvDmPQhbLTkl7qqMyvq3DpT1ZmyFGIkHPVKfjb0ogXok1l90Cez-mRWg9LZbD76-Bq9DTO6fyd_VWbgyxnAXDCXJh2txyzIeUKbtAv-f_l_AFVVjEc</recordid><startdate>20210701</startdate><enddate>20210701</enddate><creator>Alagawany, Mahmoud</creator><creator>Elnesr, Shaaban S.</creator><creator>Farag, Mayada R.</creator><creator>Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.</creator><creator>Barkat, Rasha A.</creator><creator>Gabr, Amr A.</creator><creator>Foda, Manar A.</creator><creator>Noreldin, Ahmed E.</creator><creator>Khafaga, Asmaa F.</creator><creator>El-Sabrout, Karim</creator><creator>Elwan, Hamada A.M.</creator><creator>Tiwari, Ruchi</creator><creator>Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal</creator><creator>Michalak, Izabela</creator><creator>Di Cerbo, Alessandro</creator><creator>Dhama, Kuldeep</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210701</creationdate><title>Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review</title><author>Alagawany, Mahmoud ; Elnesr, Shaaban S. ; Farag, Mayada R. ; Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E. ; Barkat, Rasha A. ; Gabr, Amr A. ; Foda, Manar A. ; Noreldin, Ahmed E. ; Khafaga, Asmaa F. ; El-Sabrout, Karim ; Elwan, Hamada A.M. ; Tiwari, Ruchi ; Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal ; Michalak, Izabela ; Di Cerbo, Alessandro ; Dhama, Kuldeep</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-3d474e8c53d16f837abd4aa052ceaf9ce9a7bc46b9d31785dc3806ac0d1dbf9d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Additives</topic><topic>Animal</topic><topic>Animal products</topic><topic>Animal welfare</topic><topic>Antibiotic resistance</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Feed supplements</topic><topic>Feeds</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Functional foods & nutraceuticals</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity</topic><topic>Immunosuppressive agents</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Mode of action</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Natural products</topic><topic>Nutraceuticals</topic><topic>Organic acids</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</topic><topic>Poultry</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Probiotics</topic><topic>Veterinary medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alagawany, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elnesr, Shaaban S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farag, Mayada R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barkat, Rasha A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabr, Amr A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foda, Manar A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noreldin, Ahmed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khafaga, Asmaa F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Sabrout, Karim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elwan, Hamada A.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiwari, Ruchi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michalak, Izabela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Cerbo, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhama, Kuldeep</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Research in veterinary science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alagawany, Mahmoud</au><au>Elnesr, Shaaban S.</au><au>Farag, Mayada R.</au><au>Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.</au><au>Barkat, Rasha A.</au><au>Gabr, Amr A.</au><au>Foda, Manar A.</au><au>Noreldin, Ahmed E.</au><au>Khafaga, Asmaa F.</au><au>El-Sabrout, Karim</au><au>Elwan, Hamada A.M.</au><au>Tiwari, Ruchi</au><au>Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal</au><au>Michalak, Izabela</au><au>Di Cerbo, Alessandro</au><au>Dhama, Kuldeep</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review</atitle><jtitle>Research in veterinary science</jtitle><addtitle>Res Vet Sci</addtitle><date>2021-07-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>137</volume><spage>9</spage><epage>29</epage><pages>9-29</pages><issn>0034-5288</issn><eissn>1532-2661</eissn><abstract>Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Prevention of the antibiotics use in the poultry diets led to the reduction in the growth performance. Consequently, there is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health. These constituents play essential roles in regulating the normal physiological functions of animals including the protection from infectious ailments. Nutraceuticals administration resulted beneficial in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Being the natural components of diet, they are compatible with it and do not pose risks associated with antibiotics or other drugs. Nutraceuticals are categorized as commercial additives obtained from natural products as an alternative feed supplement for the improvement of animal welfare. This group includes enzymes, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present review, the summary of various bioactive ingredients that act as nutraceuticals and their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of the immune system has been presented.
•There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products and to find safer and healthier alternatives.•There is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health.•Nutraceutical have essential roles in developing the normal physiological functions of animals.•The nutraceutical can be defined as a natural substance added in food to provide health or medical benefits.•Nutraceuticals are categorized as new commercial additives obtained from the nature as an alternative feed supplement.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>33915364</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0034-5288 |
| ispartof | Research in veterinary science, 2021-07, Vol.137, p.9-29 |
| issn | 0034-5288 1532-2661 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2538015536 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Additives Animal Animal products Animal welfare Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Bacteria Diet Drug resistance Fatty acids Feed supplements Feeds Food Functional foods & nutraceuticals Health Immune system Immunity Immunosuppressive agents Infectious diseases Microbiota Microorganisms Mode of action Morphology Natural products Nutraceuticals Organic acids Pathogens Polyunsaturated fatty acids Poultry Prevention Probiotics Veterinary medicine |
| title | Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T16%3A32%3A16IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Potential%20role%20of%20important%20nutraceuticals%20in%20poultry%20performance%20and%20health%20-%20A%20comprehensive%20review&rft.jtitle=Research%20in%20veterinary%20science&rft.au=Alagawany,%20Mahmoud&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.volume=137&rft.spage=9&rft.epage=29&rft.pages=9-29&rft.issn=0034-5288&rft.eissn=1532-2661&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2538015536%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2538015536&rft_id=info:pmid/33915364&rft_els_id=S0034528821001089&rfr_iscdi=true |