Nutrient intakes and adequacy among preschool children under blockade in Gaza City, Palestine
After 13 years of blockade and closure, malnutrition has become a significant risk to the health of Gaza's youngest residents. According to recent national surveys, Palestinians are facing a double burden of malnutrition and very low levels of essential minerals and vitamins. The aims of this s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Eastern Mediterranean health journal 2021-05, Vol.27 (5), p.467-473 |
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| description | After 13 years of blockade and closure, malnutrition has become a significant risk to the health of Gaza's youngest residents. According to recent national surveys, Palestinians are facing a double burden of malnutrition and very low levels of essential minerals and vitamins.
The aims of this study were to assess nutrient intake adequacy among preschool children and to estimate the dietary and nutrient intake deficiency in the Gaza Strip.
This cross-sectional, community-based, household survey was carried out in Gaza using 24-hour dietary recall to assess nutrient intake and adequacy among 176 children aged 2-5 years.
Based on the nutrient deficiency for dietary intake [< 75% recommended dietary allowance (RDA)], energy shows the highest level of deficiency (89.8%) in the diet among the studied children followed by vitamin A intake (86.9%). About three quarters (73.3%) of the children studied consumed less than the RDA for calcium and 47.2% consumed less than the RDA for iron. Approximately 20% of the children consumed less than the RDA level of dietary intake for carbohydrate and 17% for zinc.
Nutrient intake among preschoolers in the Gaza Strip shows a dramatic deterioration in macro- and micronutrient deficiency, especially in rural areas. Although the findings in this study are in line with previous reports, it revealed greater deterioration than previous local studies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.26719/2021.27.5.467 |
| format | Article |
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The aims of this study were to assess nutrient intake adequacy among preschool children and to estimate the dietary and nutrient intake deficiency in the Gaza Strip.
This cross-sectional, community-based, household survey was carried out in Gaza using 24-hour dietary recall to assess nutrient intake and adequacy among 176 children aged 2-5 years.
Based on the nutrient deficiency for dietary intake [< 75% recommended dietary allowance (RDA)], energy shows the highest level of deficiency (89.8%) in the diet among the studied children followed by vitamin A intake (86.9%). About three quarters (73.3%) of the children studied consumed less than the RDA for calcium and 47.2% consumed less than the RDA for iron. Approximately 20% of the children consumed less than the RDA level of dietary intake for carbohydrate and 17% for zinc.
Nutrient intake among preschoolers in the Gaza Strip shows a dramatic deterioration in macro- and micronutrient deficiency, especially in rural areas. Although the findings in this study are in line with previous reports, it revealed greater deterioration than previous local studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1020-3397</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1687-1634</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1020-3397</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.26719/2021.27.5.467</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34080675</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Egypt: World Health Organization</publisher><subject>Adequacy ; Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Dietary intake ; Dietary minerals ; Eating ; Energy Intake ; Food ; Food intake ; Health aspects ; Health risks ; Households ; Humans ; Iron ; Malnutrition ; Middle East - epidemiology ; Minerals ; Nutrient deficiency ; Nutrition ; Nutrition research ; Palestinian Arabs ; Palestinian people ; Polls & surveys ; Preschool children ; Product/Service Evaluations ; Questionnaires ; Refugee camps ; Rural areas ; Sample size ; Surveys ; Unemployment ; Vitamin A ; Vitamins ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Eastern Mediterranean health journal, 2021-05, Vol.27 (5), p.467-473</ispartof><rights>Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2021. Open Access. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 World Health Organization</rights><rights>Copyright World Health Organization 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-e7b0aa833a75f762f071d382021fbbcf58bebfe171a155fc61bd2c98f2d1b1a13</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34080675$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Radi, Samir</creatorcontrib><title>Nutrient intakes and adequacy among preschool children under blockade in Gaza City, Palestine</title><title>Eastern Mediterranean health journal</title><addtitle>East Mediterr Health J</addtitle><description>After 13 years of blockade and closure, malnutrition has become a significant risk to the health of Gaza's youngest residents. According to recent national surveys, Palestinians are facing a double burden of malnutrition and very low levels of essential minerals and vitamins.
The aims of this study were to assess nutrient intake adequacy among preschool children and to estimate the dietary and nutrient intake deficiency in the Gaza Strip.
This cross-sectional, community-based, household survey was carried out in Gaza using 24-hour dietary recall to assess nutrient intake and adequacy among 176 children aged 2-5 years.
Based on the nutrient deficiency for dietary intake [< 75% recommended dietary allowance (RDA)], energy shows the highest level of deficiency (89.8%) in the diet among the studied children followed by vitamin A intake (86.9%). About three quarters (73.3%) of the children studied consumed less than the RDA for calcium and 47.2% consumed less than the RDA for iron. Approximately 20% of the children consumed less than the RDA level of dietary intake for carbohydrate and 17% for zinc.
Nutrient intake among preschoolers in the Gaza Strip shows a dramatic deterioration in macro- and micronutrient deficiency, especially in rural areas. Although the findings in this study are in line with previous reports, it revealed greater deterioration than previous local studies.</description><subject>Adequacy</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary intake</subject><subject>Dietary minerals</subject><subject>Eating</subject><subject>Energy Intake</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Malnutrition</subject><subject>Middle East - epidemiology</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Nutrient deficiency</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Nutrition research</subject><subject>Palestinian Arabs</subject><subject>Palestinian people</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Preschool children</subject><subject>Product/Service Evaluations</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Refugee camps</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Sample size</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Unemployment</subject><subject>Vitamin A</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>1020-3397</issn><issn>1687-1634</issn><issn>1020-3397</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>KPI</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNptkdtrFDEUxoMotlZffZSAIAidMZfJZR7LUtti0T7oo4RMJtlNO5Nskwy4_etNtV4WSh5OOPy-c_sAeI1RS7jA_QeCCG6JaFnbcfEEHGIuRYM57Z7WPyKoobQXB-BFztcIESk78hwc0A5JxAU7BN8_LyV5Gwr0oegbm6EOI9SjvV202UE9x7CG22Sz2cQ4QbPx05hsgEsYbYLDFM1NhasYnuk7DVe-7I7hlZ5sLj7Yl-CZ01O2rx7iEfj28fTr6ry5_HJ2sTq5bEzHWGmsGJDWklItmBOcOCTwSOX9am4YjGNysIOzWGCNGXOG42EkppeOjHioOXoE3v6uu03xdqm91XVcUqgtFWGUS8J43_-j1nU-5YOLJWkz-2zUCeesYz3rZaXaR6j6Rjt7E4N1vub3BO_3BJUp9kdZ6yVn9enqYp999x-7sXoqmxynpfgY8qNTmBRzTtapbfKzTjuFkfrlvLo_jyJCMVWdr4I3DydYhtmOf_E_VtOfkQSl4Q</recordid><startdate>20210501</startdate><enddate>20210501</enddate><creator>Radi, Samir</creator><general>World Health Organization</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>KPI</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210501</creationdate><title>Nutrient intakes and adequacy among preschool children under blockade in Gaza City, Palestine</title><author>Radi, Samir</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-e7b0aa833a75f762f071d382021fbbcf58bebfe171a155fc61bd2c98f2d1b1a13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adequacy</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary intake</topic><topic>Dietary minerals</topic><topic>Eating</topic><topic>Energy Intake</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food intake</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Households</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Malnutrition</topic><topic>Middle East - epidemiology</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Nutrient deficiency</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Nutrition research</topic><topic>Palestinian Arabs</topic><topic>Palestinian people</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Preschool children</topic><topic>Product/Service Evaluations</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Refugee camps</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Sample size</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Unemployment</topic><topic>Vitamin A</topic><topic>Vitamins</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Radi, Samir</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Global Issues</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><jtitle>Eastern Mediterranean health journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Radi, Samir</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nutrient intakes and adequacy among preschool children under blockade in Gaza City, Palestine</atitle><jtitle>Eastern Mediterranean health journal</jtitle><addtitle>East Mediterr Health J</addtitle><date>2021-05-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>467</spage><epage>473</epage><pages>467-473</pages><issn>1020-3397</issn><eissn>1687-1634</eissn><eissn>1020-3397</eissn><abstract>After 13 years of blockade and closure, malnutrition has become a significant risk to the health of Gaza's youngest residents. According to recent national surveys, Palestinians are facing a double burden of malnutrition and very low levels of essential minerals and vitamins.
The aims of this study were to assess nutrient intake adequacy among preschool children and to estimate the dietary and nutrient intake deficiency in the Gaza Strip.
This cross-sectional, community-based, household survey was carried out in Gaza using 24-hour dietary recall to assess nutrient intake and adequacy among 176 children aged 2-5 years.
Based on the nutrient deficiency for dietary intake [< 75% recommended dietary allowance (RDA)], energy shows the highest level of deficiency (89.8%) in the diet among the studied children followed by vitamin A intake (86.9%). About three quarters (73.3%) of the children studied consumed less than the RDA for calcium and 47.2% consumed less than the RDA for iron. Approximately 20% of the children consumed less than the RDA level of dietary intake for carbohydrate and 17% for zinc.
Nutrient intake among preschoolers in the Gaza Strip shows a dramatic deterioration in macro- and micronutrient deficiency, especially in rural areas. Although the findings in this study are in line with previous reports, it revealed greater deterioration than previous local studies.</abstract><cop>Egypt</cop><pub>World Health Organization</pub><pmid>34080675</pmid><doi>10.26719/2021.27.5.467</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Eastern Mediterranean health journal, 2021-05, Vol.27 (5), p.467-473 |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adequacy Calcium Carbohydrates Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Cross-Sectional Studies Diet Dietary intake Dietary minerals Eating Energy Intake Food Food intake Health aspects Health risks Households Humans Iron Malnutrition Middle East - epidemiology Minerals Nutrient deficiency Nutrition Nutrition research Palestinian Arabs Palestinian people Polls & surveys Preschool children Product/Service Evaluations Questionnaires Refugee camps Rural areas Sample size Surveys Unemployment Vitamin A Vitamins Zinc |
| title | Nutrient intakes and adequacy among preschool children under blockade in Gaza City, Palestine |
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