Direct writing of high-density nitrogen-vacancy centers inside diamond by femtosecond laser irradiation
High-density nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers exceeding 1016/cm3 inside a diamond can be achieved by femtosecond laser irradiation. The number of pulses and pulse energy were adjusted considering the increasing trend of the NV concentration and damage generation. The NV concentration first grew as the...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Applied physics letters 2021-05, Vol.118 (21) |
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creator | Kurita, Torataro Shimotsuma, Yasuhiko Fujiwara, Masanori Fujie, Masahiro Mizuochi, Norikazu Shimizu, Masahiro Miura, Kiyotaka |
description | High-density nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers exceeding 1016/cm3 inside a diamond can be achieved by femtosecond laser irradiation. The number of pulses and pulse energy were adjusted considering the increasing trend of the NV concentration and damage generation. The NV concentration first grew as the number of laser pulses was increased, and then the concentration was temporarily saturated or decreased. By increasing the number of laser pulses more than 2.5–5 × 107, the concentration increased again. The Hahn-echo measurement revealed that electron spins of the substitutional nitrogen center (P1) were dominant source for decoherence and the number of paramagnetic defects induced by the laser irradiation was not significant for degradation of spin coherence of the laser-induced NV centers even without a post-annealing process. Such high-dense ensemble NV centers are crucial for a high-sensitive quantum sensor. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0049953 |
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The number of pulses and pulse energy were adjusted considering the increasing trend of the NV concentration and damage generation. The NV concentration first grew as the number of laser pulses was increased, and then the concentration was temporarily saturated or decreased. By increasing the number of laser pulses more than 2.5–5 × 107, the concentration increased again. The Hahn-echo measurement revealed that electron spins of the substitutional nitrogen center (P1) were dominant source for decoherence and the number of paramagnetic defects induced by the laser irradiation was not significant for degradation of spin coherence of the laser-induced NV centers even without a post-annealing process. 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The number of pulses and pulse energy were adjusted considering the increasing trend of the NV concentration and damage generation. The NV concentration first grew as the number of laser pulses was increased, and then the concentration was temporarily saturated or decreased. By increasing the number of laser pulses more than 2.5–5 × 107, the concentration increased again. The Hahn-echo measurement revealed that electron spins of the substitutional nitrogen center (P1) were dominant source for decoherence and the number of paramagnetic defects induced by the laser irradiation was not significant for degradation of spin coherence of the laser-induced NV centers even without a post-annealing process. Such high-dense ensemble NV centers are crucial for a high-sensitive quantum sensor.</description><subject>Applied physics</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Diamonds</subject><subject>Direct laser writing</subject><subject>Electron spin</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Femtosecond pulsed lasers</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Quantum sensors</subject><subject>Vacancies</subject><issn>0003-6951</issn><issn>1077-3118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqdkE9LAzEQxYMoWKsHv0HAk8LWyWazuzlK_QsFL3oOaTbZprRJTdLKfntTW_DuaXjM783wHkLXBCYEanrPJgAV54yeoBGBpikoIe0pGgEALWrOyDm6iHGZJSspHaH-0QatEv4ONlnXY2_wwvaLotMu2jRgZ1PwvXbFTirp1ICVdkmHiG3edxp3Vq696_B8wEavk49a7eVKRh2wDUFmIFnvLtGZkauor45zjD6fnz6mr8Xs_eVt-jArFOU0FS2hkpuWq3lH2xzDsKomGkpa7zNxVYEGpSpuGJQVa4DVbdOWrJZEmmZeNXSMbg53N8F_bXVMYum3weWXomSUVMCzI1O3B0oFH2PQRmyCXcswCAJi36Ng4thjZu8ObFQ2_Wb5H7zz4Q8Um87QH3HRgPs</recordid><startdate>20210524</startdate><enddate>20210524</enddate><creator>Kurita, Torataro</creator><creator>Shimotsuma, Yasuhiko</creator><creator>Fujiwara, Masanori</creator><creator>Fujie, Masahiro</creator><creator>Mizuochi, Norikazu</creator><creator>Shimizu, Masahiro</creator><creator>Miura, Kiyotaka</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-3210</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1569-3340</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-3167</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210524</creationdate><title>Direct writing of high-density nitrogen-vacancy centers inside diamond by femtosecond laser irradiation</title><author>Kurita, Torataro ; Shimotsuma, Yasuhiko ; Fujiwara, Masanori ; Fujie, Masahiro ; Mizuochi, Norikazu ; Shimizu, Masahiro ; Miura, Kiyotaka</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-813a9f89cbd38995f5461e023699539c40e0cc49f502457056878256a1af7b473</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Applied physics</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Diamonds</topic><topic>Direct laser writing</topic><topic>Electron spin</topic><topic>Electrons</topic><topic>Femtosecond pulsed lasers</topic><topic>Irradiation</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Quantum sensors</topic><topic>Vacancies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kurita, Torataro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimotsuma, Yasuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujiwara, Masanori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fujie, Masahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mizuochi, Norikazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimizu, Masahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miura, Kiyotaka</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kurita, Torataro</au><au>Shimotsuma, Yasuhiko</au><au>Fujiwara, Masanori</au><au>Fujie, Masahiro</au><au>Mizuochi, Norikazu</au><au>Shimizu, Masahiro</au><au>Miura, Kiyotaka</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Direct writing of high-density nitrogen-vacancy centers inside diamond by femtosecond laser irradiation</atitle><jtitle>Applied physics letters</jtitle><date>2021-05-24</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>118</volume><issue>21</issue><issn>0003-6951</issn><eissn>1077-3118</eissn><coden>APPLAB</coden><abstract>High-density nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers exceeding 1016/cm3 inside a diamond can be achieved by femtosecond laser irradiation. The number of pulses and pulse energy were adjusted considering the increasing trend of the NV concentration and damage generation. The NV concentration first grew as the number of laser pulses was increased, and then the concentration was temporarily saturated or decreased. By increasing the number of laser pulses more than 2.5–5 × 107, the concentration increased again. The Hahn-echo measurement revealed that electron spins of the substitutional nitrogen center (P1) were dominant source for decoherence and the number of paramagnetic defects induced by the laser irradiation was not significant for degradation of spin coherence of the laser-induced NV centers even without a post-annealing process. Such high-dense ensemble NV centers are crucial for a high-sensitive quantum sensor.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/5.0049953</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-3210</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1569-3340</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-3167</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Applied physics Density Diamonds Direct laser writing Electron spin Electrons Femtosecond pulsed lasers Irradiation Lasers Nitrogen Quantum sensors Vacancies |
title | Direct writing of high-density nitrogen-vacancy centers inside diamond by femtosecond laser irradiation |
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