Quantification of surface water and groundwater salinity sources in irrigated lowland area of North China Plain
Seasonally variation of water salinity is observed worldwide, the mechanisms of water salinity are not well understood due to natural factors and anthropogenic activities. Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Hydrological processes 2021-04, Vol.35 (4), p.n/a |
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| description | Seasonally variation of water salinity is observed worldwide, the mechanisms of water salinity are not well understood due to natural factors and anthropogenic activities. Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigated with multi‐water sources. In the lowland area of North China Plain, transferred water, brackish shallow groundwater and fresh deep groundwater were combinative utilized to relieve prominent contradictions between regional water shortages and grain production. In this study, influence factors of surface water (canal water, pond water) and shallow groundwater salinity were identified and quantified through statistical analysis, deuterium excess, and ionic relationship. Salinity of canal water and pond water increased in dry season and decreased in rainy season, while salinity of shallow groundwater decreased in dry season after water transfer and rainy season, but increased in dry season. Evaporation and mineral dissolution were main factors for surface water salinity in dry season, with mineral dissolution was the more important one. The contribution ratio of evaporation and mineral dissolution for canal salinity were 4.4 and 49.1% in dry season after water transfer, 7.1 and 34.4% in dry season, and that for pond water salinity were 12.4 and 18.3% in dry season, respectively. Precipitation and surface runoff were main factors for surface water salinity in rainy season. The contribution of surface runoff for canal water and pond water salinity were 66.1 and 45.8%, respectively. Salinity of canal water and shallow groundwater was temporary decreased by water transfer. Domestic sewage from rural areas had larger influence than agricultural activities for salinity increase of pond water and shallow groundwater. Mineral dissolution was the main contributor for shallow groundwater salinity, with contribution ratio larger than 60% in different periods. This study demonstrated and quantified salinity source of surface water and shallow groundwater and may deepen our understanding of water management under multi‐water resources utilization. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/hyp.14037 |
| format | Article |
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Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigated with multi‐water sources. In the lowland area of North China Plain, transferred water, brackish shallow groundwater and fresh deep groundwater were combinative utilized to relieve prominent contradictions between regional water shortages and grain production. In this study, influence factors of surface water (canal water, pond water) and shallow groundwater salinity were identified and quantified through statistical analysis, deuterium excess, and ionic relationship. Salinity of canal water and pond water increased in dry season and decreased in rainy season, while salinity of shallow groundwater decreased in dry season after water transfer and rainy season, but increased in dry season. Evaporation and mineral dissolution were main factors for surface water salinity in dry season, with mineral dissolution was the more important one. The contribution ratio of evaporation and mineral dissolution for canal salinity were 4.4 and 49.1% in dry season after water transfer, 7.1 and 34.4% in dry season, and that for pond water salinity were 12.4 and 18.3% in dry season, respectively. Precipitation and surface runoff were main factors for surface water salinity in rainy season. The contribution of surface runoff for canal water and pond water salinity were 66.1 and 45.8%, respectively. Salinity of canal water and shallow groundwater was temporary decreased by water transfer. Domestic sewage from rural areas had larger influence than agricultural activities for salinity increase of pond water and shallow groundwater. Mineral dissolution was the main contributor for shallow groundwater salinity, with contribution ratio larger than 60% in different periods. This study demonstrated and quantified salinity source of surface water and shallow groundwater and may deepen our understanding of water management under multi‐water resources utilization.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0885-6087</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-1085</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14037</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>agricultural irrigation ; anthropogenic activities ; Anthropogenic factors ; canal water ; Canals ; Deuterium ; Dissolution ; Dissolving ; Dry season ; Evaporation ; Groundwater ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater salinity ; Household wastes ; Human influences ; multi‐water resources utilization ; pond water ; Ponds ; Rainfall ; Rainy season ; Resource management ; Resource utilization ; Runoff ; Rural areas ; Salinity ; Salinity effects ; Sewage ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Surface runoff ; Surface water ; Surface-groundwater relations ; Water management ; Water resources ; Water resources management ; Water salinity ; Water shortages ; Water sources ; Water transfer ; Wet season</subject><ispartof>Hydrological processes, 2021-04, Vol.35 (4), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a3207-d377442c13a5055e837f113a8bb8a8da5d099fa7300383e3bbe46b4742eaeabb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a3207-d377442c13a5055e837f113a8bb8a8da5d099fa7300383e3bbe46b4742eaeabb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9662-3998 ; 0000-0002-3827-3739 ; 0000-0001-8533-527X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fhyp.14037$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fhyp.14037$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kong, Xiaole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shiqin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Yan‐Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sheng, Zhuping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaojing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Fei</creatorcontrib><title>Quantification of surface water and groundwater salinity sources in irrigated lowland area of North China Plain</title><title>Hydrological processes</title><description>Seasonally variation of water salinity is observed worldwide, the mechanisms of water salinity are not well understood due to natural factors and anthropogenic activities. Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigated with multi‐water sources. In the lowland area of North China Plain, transferred water, brackish shallow groundwater and fresh deep groundwater were combinative utilized to relieve prominent contradictions between regional water shortages and grain production. In this study, influence factors of surface water (canal water, pond water) and shallow groundwater salinity were identified and quantified through statistical analysis, deuterium excess, and ionic relationship. Salinity of canal water and pond water increased in dry season and decreased in rainy season, while salinity of shallow groundwater decreased in dry season after water transfer and rainy season, but increased in dry season. Evaporation and mineral dissolution were main factors for surface water salinity in dry season, with mineral dissolution was the more important one. The contribution ratio of evaporation and mineral dissolution for canal salinity were 4.4 and 49.1% in dry season after water transfer, 7.1 and 34.4% in dry season, and that for pond water salinity were 12.4 and 18.3% in dry season, respectively. Precipitation and surface runoff were main factors for surface water salinity in rainy season. The contribution of surface runoff for canal water and pond water salinity were 66.1 and 45.8%, respectively. Salinity of canal water and shallow groundwater was temporary decreased by water transfer. Domestic sewage from rural areas had larger influence than agricultural activities for salinity increase of pond water and shallow groundwater. Mineral dissolution was the main contributor for shallow groundwater salinity, with contribution ratio larger than 60% in different periods. This study demonstrated and quantified salinity source of surface water and shallow groundwater and may deepen our understanding of water management under multi‐water resources utilization.</description><subject>agricultural irrigation</subject><subject>anthropogenic activities</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>canal water</subject><subject>Canals</subject><subject>Deuterium</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>Dissolving</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater irrigation</subject><subject>Groundwater salinity</subject><subject>Household wastes</subject><subject>Human influences</subject><subject>multi‐water resources utilization</subject><subject>pond water</subject><subject>Ponds</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Rainy season</subject><subject>Resource management</subject><subject>Resource utilization</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Salinity effects</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Surface runoff</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Surface-groundwater relations</subject><subject>Water management</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water resources management</subject><subject>Water salinity</subject><subject>Water shortages</subject><subject>Water sources</subject><subject>Water transfer</subject><subject>Wet season</subject><issn>0885-6087</issn><issn>1099-1085</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kD9PwzAQxS0EEqUw8A0sMTGkPcdJ7YyoAoqEoEgwMFmXxGldBbvYiap8e1zCynR6ut-7P4-QawYzBpDOt8N-xjLg4oRMGBRFwkDmp2QCUubJAqQ4Jxch7AAgAwkT4t56tJ1pTIWdcZa6hobeN1hpesBOe4q2phvveluPOmBrrOkGGlzvKx2osdR4bzaxW9PWHdqjA73G46wX57stXW6NRbpu0dhLctZgG_TVX52Sj4f79-UqeX59fFrePSfIUxBJzYXIsrRiHHPIcy25aFgUsiwlyhrzOv7WoOAAXHLNy1JnizITWapRY1nyKbkZ5-69--516NQu3mvjSpXmrEhZIXIWqduRqrwLwetG7b35Qj8oBuqYp4p5qt88Izsf2YNp9fA_qFaf69HxAxyteG4</recordid><startdate>202104</startdate><enddate>202104</enddate><creator>Kong, Xiaole</creator><creator>Wang, Shiqin</creator><creator>Shen, Yan‐Jun</creator><creator>Sheng, Zhuping</creator><creator>Liu, Xiaojing</creator><creator>Ding, Fei</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9662-3998</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-3739</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-527X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202104</creationdate><title>Quantification of surface water and groundwater salinity sources in irrigated lowland area of North China Plain</title><author>Kong, Xiaole ; Wang, Shiqin ; Shen, Yan‐Jun ; Sheng, Zhuping ; Liu, Xiaojing ; Ding, Fei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a3207-d377442c13a5055e837f113a8bb8a8da5d099fa7300383e3bbe46b4742eaeabb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>agricultural irrigation</topic><topic>anthropogenic activities</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>canal water</topic><topic>Canals</topic><topic>Deuterium</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Dissolving</topic><topic>Dry season</topic><topic>Evaporation</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater irrigation</topic><topic>Groundwater salinity</topic><topic>Household wastes</topic><topic>Human influences</topic><topic>multi‐water resources utilization</topic><topic>pond water</topic><topic>Ponds</topic><topic>Rainfall</topic><topic>Rainy season</topic><topic>Resource management</topic><topic>Resource utilization</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Salinity effects</topic><topic>Sewage</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Surface runoff</topic><topic>Surface water</topic><topic>Surface-groundwater relations</topic><topic>Water management</topic><topic>Water resources</topic><topic>Water resources management</topic><topic>Water salinity</topic><topic>Water shortages</topic><topic>Water sources</topic><topic>Water transfer</topic><topic>Wet season</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kong, Xiaole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shiqin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Yan‐Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sheng, Zhuping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaojing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Fei</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Hydrological processes</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kong, Xiaole</au><au>Wang, Shiqin</au><au>Shen, Yan‐Jun</au><au>Sheng, Zhuping</au><au>Liu, Xiaojing</au><au>Ding, Fei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Quantification of surface water and groundwater salinity sources in irrigated lowland area of North China Plain</atitle><jtitle>Hydrological processes</jtitle><date>2021-04</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>4</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>0885-6087</issn><eissn>1099-1085</eissn><abstract>Seasonally variation of water salinity is observed worldwide, the mechanisms of water salinity are not well understood due to natural factors and anthropogenic activities. Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigated with multi‐water sources. In the lowland area of North China Plain, transferred water, brackish shallow groundwater and fresh deep groundwater were combinative utilized to relieve prominent contradictions between regional water shortages and grain production. In this study, influence factors of surface water (canal water, pond water) and shallow groundwater salinity were identified and quantified through statistical analysis, deuterium excess, and ionic relationship. Salinity of canal water and pond water increased in dry season and decreased in rainy season, while salinity of shallow groundwater decreased in dry season after water transfer and rainy season, but increased in dry season. Evaporation and mineral dissolution were main factors for surface water salinity in dry season, with mineral dissolution was the more important one. The contribution ratio of evaporation and mineral dissolution for canal salinity were 4.4 and 49.1% in dry season after water transfer, 7.1 and 34.4% in dry season, and that for pond water salinity were 12.4 and 18.3% in dry season, respectively. Precipitation and surface runoff were main factors for surface water salinity in rainy season. The contribution of surface runoff for canal water and pond water salinity were 66.1 and 45.8%, respectively. Salinity of canal water and shallow groundwater was temporary decreased by water transfer. Domestic sewage from rural areas had larger influence than agricultural activities for salinity increase of pond water and shallow groundwater. Mineral dissolution was the main contributor for shallow groundwater salinity, with contribution ratio larger than 60% in different periods. This study demonstrated and quantified salinity source of surface water and shallow groundwater and may deepen our understanding of water management under multi‐water resources utilization.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/hyp.14037</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9662-3998</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-3739</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-527X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | agricultural irrigation anthropogenic activities Anthropogenic factors canal water Canals Deuterium Dissolution Dissolving Dry season Evaporation Groundwater Groundwater irrigation Groundwater salinity Household wastes Human influences multi‐water resources utilization pond water Ponds Rainfall Rainy season Resource management Resource utilization Runoff Rural areas Salinity Salinity effects Sewage Statistical analysis Statistical methods Surface runoff Surface water Surface-groundwater relations Water management Water resources Water resources management Water salinity Water shortages Water sources Water transfer Wet season |
| title | Quantification of surface water and groundwater salinity sources in irrigated lowland area of North China Plain |
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