Sub-nW Microcontroller With Dual-Mode Logic and Self-Startup for Battery-Indifferent Sensor Nodes
In this article, a battery-indifferent microcontroller unit (MCU) with wide power-performance scaling is presented to enable continuous operation with a sub-mm 2 on-chip solar cell, even when the battery runs out of energy. The MCU is based on dual-mode standard cells to extend power-performance fle...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE journal of solid-state circuits 2021-05, Vol.56 (5), p.1618-1629 |
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| container_title | IEEE journal of solid-state circuits |
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| creator | Lin, Longyang Jain, Saurabh Alioto, Massimo |
| description | In this article, a battery-indifferent microcontroller unit (MCU) with wide power-performance scaling is presented to enable continuous operation with a sub-mm 2 on-chip solar cell, even when the battery runs out of energy. The MCU is based on dual-mode standard cells to extend power-performance flexibility well beyond allowed by voltage-scaled CMOS logic. Ripple power gating is introduced to allow the processor to boot under scarce light intensity and no battery energy. The dual-mode logic is experimentally characterized at the gate level, analyzing the underlying tradeoffs among power, energy, delay, and noise margin. Compared with voltage-scaled CMOS logic, dual-mode logic is shown to reduce the minimum power/gate by 750 \times to enable purely harvested operation while having comparable energy/gate to prolong battery-powered operation. The proposed ripple power gating self-startup technique enables MSP430-compatible MCU cold start with an on-chip 0.54-mm 2 solar cell at a dim 55-lx light condition. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JSSC.2020.3038115 |
| format | Article |
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The MCU is based on dual-mode standard cells to extend power-performance flexibility well beyond allowed by voltage-scaled CMOS logic. Ripple power gating is introduced to allow the processor to boot under scarce light intensity and no battery energy. The dual-mode logic is experimentally characterized at the gate level, analyzing the underlying tradeoffs among power, energy, delay, and noise margin. Compared with voltage-scaled CMOS logic, dual-mode logic is shown to reduce the minimum power/gate by 750<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times </tex-math></inline-formula> to enable purely harvested operation while having comparable energy/gate to prolong battery-powered operation. 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(IEEE) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-c085f962835479614c95cf45f0ae57fb885b6f40cc494948e40f6557585d85cf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-c085f962835479614c95cf45f0ae57fb885b6f40cc494948e40f6557585d85cf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4702-737X ; 0000-0002-4127-8258 ; 0000-0002-2724-940X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9272627$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9272627$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lin, Longyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jain, Saurabh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alioto, Massimo</creatorcontrib><title>Sub-nW Microcontroller With Dual-Mode Logic and Self-Startup for Battery-Indifferent Sensor Nodes</title><title>IEEE journal of solid-state circuits</title><addtitle>JSSC</addtitle><description>In this article, a battery-indifferent microcontroller unit (MCU) with wide power-performance scaling is presented to enable continuous operation with a sub-mm 2 on-chip solar cell, even when the battery runs out of energy. 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| language | eng |
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| source | IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) |
| subjects | Batteries Battery-indifferent CMOS Cold starts Electric potential Inverters leakage suppression Logic logic family Logic gates Luminous intensity Microcontrollers Microprocessors minimum-energy operation minimum-power operation Photovoltaic cells self-startup Solar cells standard cell System-on-chip Threshold voltage Transistors ultra-low power Voltage |
| title | Sub-nW Microcontroller With Dual-Mode Logic and Self-Startup for Battery-Indifferent Sensor Nodes |
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