Biological response of protists Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis to conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate
Improving the growth and pigment accumulation of microalgae by electrochemical approaches was considered a novel and promising method. In this research, we investigated the effect of conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) dispersible in water on growth...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Letters in applied microbiology 2021-05, Vol.72 (5), p.619-625 |
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| creator | Zhu, J. Omura, T. Wakisaka, M. |
| description | Improving the growth and pigment accumulation of microalgae by electrochemical approaches was considered a novel and promising method. In this research, we investigated the effect of conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) dispersible in water on growth and pigment accumulation of Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis. The results revealed that effect of PEDOT:PSS was strongly cell‐dependent and each cell type has its own peculiar response. For H. lacustris, the cell density in the 50 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 50·27%, and the astaxanthin yield in the 10 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 37·08%. However, under the high concentrations of PEDOT:PSS treatment, cell growth was significantly inhibited, and meanwhile, the smaller and more active zoospores were observed, which reflected the changes in cell life cycle and growth mode. Cell growth of E. gracilis in all the PEDOT:PSS treatment groups were notably inhibited. Chlorophyll a content in E. gracilis decreased while chlorophyll b content increased in response to the PEDOT:PSS treatment. The results laid a foundation for further development of electrochemical methods to promote microalgae growth and explore the interactions between conductive polymers and microalgae cells.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study is unique in revealing the effects of conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS colloidally dispersed in water on the growth and pigment accumulation of freshwater microalgae for the first time. The effect was different on each microalgae species. PEDOT:PSS exhibited the hormesis effect on Haematococcus lacustris, promoting its growth at lower concentrations and inhibiting at higher concentrations. For Euglena gracilis, cell growth was significantly inhibited, which might be attributed to PEDOT:PSS impeding the photosynthesis. Our work provides a foundation for future studies addressed to investigate its aquatic ecotoxicity, mechanism of the effect, and interactions between microalgal cells and conductive polymers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/lam.13459 |
| format | Article |
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Significance and Impact of the Study: This study is unique in revealing the effects of conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS colloidally dispersed in water on the growth and pigment accumulation of freshwater microalgae for the first time. The effect was different on each microalgae species. PEDOT:PSS exhibited the hormesis effect on Haematococcus lacustris, promoting its growth at lower concentrations and inhibiting at higher concentrations. For Euglena gracilis, cell growth was significantly inhibited, which might be attributed to PEDOT:PSS impeding the photosynthesis. Our work provides a foundation for future studies addressed to investigate its aquatic ecotoxicity, mechanism of the effect, and interactions between microalgal cells and conductive polymers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0266-8254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-765X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/lam.13459</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33566365</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Algae ; Aquatic microorganisms ; Astaxanthin ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - chemistry ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - pharmacology ; Cell density ; Cell growth ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Chlorophyceae - drug effects ; Chlorophyceae - growth & development ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophyll - metabolism ; Chlorophyll A - metabolism ; Conducting polymers ; conductive polymer ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrochemical Techniques ; Electrochemistry ; Eugelna gracilis ; Euglena ; Euglena gracilis ; Euglena gracilis - drug effects ; Euglena gracilis - growth & development ; Haematococcus lacustris ; Life cycles ; PEDOT:PSS ; pigment accumulation ; Polymers ; Polymers - chemistry ; Polymers - pharmacology ; Polystyrene ; Polystyrene resins ; Polystyrenes - pharmacology ; Sulfonates ; Thiophenes - pharmacology ; Xanthophylls - metabolism ; Zoospores</subject><ispartof>Letters in applied microbiology, 2021-05, Vol.72 (5), p.619-625</ispartof><rights>2021 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><rights>2021 The Society for Applied Microbiology.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3539-8cd439593b60dbe1acc07caf39a0728380a7a23bd8d4bc5eb0b4231323efc7823</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3539-8cd439593b60dbe1acc07caf39a0728380a7a23bd8d4bc5eb0b4231323efc7823</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3673-6004 ; 0000-0002-0329-1005</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Flam.13459$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Flam.13459$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33566365$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhu, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omura, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakisaka, M.</creatorcontrib><title>Biological response of protists Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis to conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate</title><title>Letters in applied microbiology</title><addtitle>Lett Appl Microbiol</addtitle><description>Improving the growth and pigment accumulation of microalgae by electrochemical approaches was considered a novel and promising method. In this research, we investigated the effect of conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) dispersible in water on growth and pigment accumulation of Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis. The results revealed that effect of PEDOT:PSS was strongly cell‐dependent and each cell type has its own peculiar response. For H. lacustris, the cell density in the 50 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 50·27%, and the astaxanthin yield in the 10 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 37·08%. However, under the high concentrations of PEDOT:PSS treatment, cell growth was significantly inhibited, and meanwhile, the smaller and more active zoospores were observed, which reflected the changes in cell life cycle and growth mode. Cell growth of E. gracilis in all the PEDOT:PSS treatment groups were notably inhibited. Chlorophyll a content in E. gracilis decreased while chlorophyll b content increased in response to the PEDOT:PSS treatment. The results laid a foundation for further development of electrochemical methods to promote microalgae growth and explore the interactions between conductive polymers and microalgae cells.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study is unique in revealing the effects of conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS colloidally dispersed in water on the growth and pigment accumulation of freshwater microalgae for the first time. The effect was different on each microalgae species. PEDOT:PSS exhibited the hormesis effect on Haematococcus lacustris, promoting its growth at lower concentrations and inhibiting at higher concentrations. For Euglena gracilis, cell growth was significantly inhibited, which might be attributed to PEDOT:PSS impeding the photosynthesis. Our work provides a foundation for future studies addressed to investigate its aquatic ecotoxicity, mechanism of the effect, and interactions between microalgal cells and conductive polymers.</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Aquatic microorganisms</subject><subject>Astaxanthin</subject><subject>Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - chemistry</subject><subject>Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cell density</subject><subject>Cell growth</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</subject><subject>Chlorophyceae - drug effects</subject><subject>Chlorophyceae - growth & development</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Chlorophyll - metabolism</subject><subject>Chlorophyll A - metabolism</subject><subject>Conducting polymers</subject><subject>conductive polymer</subject><subject>Electric Conductivity</subject><subject>Electrochemical Techniques</subject><subject>Electrochemistry</subject><subject>Eugelna gracilis</subject><subject>Euglena</subject><subject>Euglena gracilis</subject><subject>Euglena gracilis - drug effects</subject><subject>Euglena gracilis - growth & development</subject><subject>Haematococcus lacustris</subject><subject>Life cycles</subject><subject>PEDOT:PSS</subject><subject>pigment accumulation</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Polymers - chemistry</subject><subject>Polymers - pharmacology</subject><subject>Polystyrene</subject><subject>Polystyrene resins</subject><subject>Polystyrenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Sulfonates</subject><subject>Thiophenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Xanthophylls - metabolism</subject><subject>Zoospores</subject><issn>0266-8254</issn><issn>1472-765X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUtO5DAQhq3RoOnmsZgLjCzNBiQCjh3nsYRW85AazWaQ2EWOU-l2y4kztgNkxxE4AKfjJJhumB1eVKlKn3_L_4_Qz5icxOGcatGexCzhxTc0jZOMRlnK776jKaFpGuWUJxO069yaEJLHtPiBJozxNGUpn6KXc2W0WSopNLbgetM5wKbBvTVeOe_wlYBWeCONlIPDWoTqrXJYdDWeD0sNncBLK6TSYekNlqarB-nVPeDe6LEFu-n4kB0nr0_P4FdjuAO1Mo-jXynTr8J0tGGcH20YsBt0YzrhYR_tNEI7OPjoe-j2Yv53dhUt_lxez84WkWScFVEu64QVvGBVSuoKYiElyaRoWCFIRnOWE5EJyqo6r5NKcqhIlVAWM8qgkVlO2R76vdUNv_43gPPl2gy2C0-WlAeD331LA3W0paQ1zlloyt6qVtixjEn5nkMZcig3OQT214fiULVQ_yc_jQ_A6RZ4UBrGr5XKxdnNVvINSY6XLA</recordid><startdate>202105</startdate><enddate>202105</enddate><creator>Zhu, J.</creator><creator>Omura, T.</creator><creator>Wakisaka, M.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-6004</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0329-1005</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202105</creationdate><title>Biological response of protists Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis to conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate</title><author>Zhu, J. ; Omura, T. ; Wakisaka, M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3539-8cd439593b60dbe1acc07caf39a0728380a7a23bd8d4bc5eb0b4231323efc7823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Aquatic microorganisms</topic><topic>Astaxanthin</topic><topic>Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - chemistry</topic><topic>Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cell density</topic><topic>Cell growth</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</topic><topic>Chlorophyceae - drug effects</topic><topic>Chlorophyceae - growth & development</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Chlorophyll - metabolism</topic><topic>Chlorophyll A - metabolism</topic><topic>Conducting polymers</topic><topic>conductive polymer</topic><topic>Electric Conductivity</topic><topic>Electrochemical Techniques</topic><topic>Electrochemistry</topic><topic>Eugelna gracilis</topic><topic>Euglena</topic><topic>Euglena gracilis</topic><topic>Euglena gracilis - drug effects</topic><topic>Euglena gracilis - growth & development</topic><topic>Haematococcus lacustris</topic><topic>Life cycles</topic><topic>PEDOT:PSS</topic><topic>pigment accumulation</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Polymers - chemistry</topic><topic>Polymers - pharmacology</topic><topic>Polystyrene</topic><topic>Polystyrene resins</topic><topic>Polystyrenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Sulfonates</topic><topic>Thiophenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Xanthophylls - metabolism</topic><topic>Zoospores</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhu, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omura, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wakisaka, M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Letters in applied microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhu, J.</au><au>Omura, T.</au><au>Wakisaka, M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Biological response of protists Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis to conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate</atitle><jtitle>Letters in applied microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Lett Appl Microbiol</addtitle><date>2021-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>619</spage><epage>625</epage><pages>619-625</pages><issn>0266-8254</issn><eissn>1472-765X</eissn><abstract>Improving the growth and pigment accumulation of microalgae by electrochemical approaches was considered a novel and promising method. In this research, we investigated the effect of conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) dispersible in water on growth and pigment accumulation of Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis. The results revealed that effect of PEDOT:PSS was strongly cell‐dependent and each cell type has its own peculiar response. For H. lacustris, the cell density in the 50 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 50·27%, and the astaxanthin yield in the 10 mg·l−1 treatment group increased by 37·08%. However, under the high concentrations of PEDOT:PSS treatment, cell growth was significantly inhibited, and meanwhile, the smaller and more active zoospores were observed, which reflected the changes in cell life cycle and growth mode. Cell growth of E. gracilis in all the PEDOT:PSS treatment groups were notably inhibited. Chlorophyll a content in E. gracilis decreased while chlorophyll b content increased in response to the PEDOT:PSS treatment. The results laid a foundation for further development of electrochemical methods to promote microalgae growth and explore the interactions between conductive polymers and microalgae cells.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study is unique in revealing the effects of conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS colloidally dispersed in water on the growth and pigment accumulation of freshwater microalgae for the first time. The effect was different on each microalgae species. PEDOT:PSS exhibited the hormesis effect on Haematococcus lacustris, promoting its growth at lower concentrations and inhibiting at higher concentrations. For Euglena gracilis, cell growth was significantly inhibited, which might be attributed to PEDOT:PSS impeding the photosynthesis. Our work provides a foundation for future studies addressed to investigate its aquatic ecotoxicity, mechanism of the effect, and interactions between microalgal cells and conductive polymers.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>33566365</pmid><doi>10.1111/lam.13459</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-6004</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0329-1005</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Letters in applied microbiology, 2021-05, Vol.72 (5), p.619-625 |
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| subjects | Accumulation Algae Aquatic microorganisms Astaxanthin Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - chemistry Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic - pharmacology Cell density Cell growth Cell Proliferation - drug effects Chlorophyceae - drug effects Chlorophyceae - growth & development Chlorophyll Chlorophyll - metabolism Chlorophyll A - metabolism Conducting polymers conductive polymer Electric Conductivity Electrochemical Techniques Electrochemistry Eugelna gracilis Euglena Euglena gracilis Euglena gracilis - drug effects Euglena gracilis - growth & development Haematococcus lacustris Life cycles PEDOT:PSS pigment accumulation Polymers Polymers - chemistry Polymers - pharmacology Polystyrene Polystyrene resins Polystyrenes - pharmacology Sulfonates Thiophenes - pharmacology Xanthophylls - metabolism Zoospores |
| title | Biological response of protists Haematococcus lacustris and Euglena gracilis to conductive polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate |
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