Improvement of Physico-chemical Properties of Arbequina Extra Virgin Olive Oil Enriched with β-Carotene from Fungi

Nowadays the consumption of essential carotenoids is reduced due to the lower intake of fruits and vegetables, being humans not capable of synthesizing these molecules. β-carotene is one of the most important carotenoids possessing anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer properties. The aim of this work consists of preparing virgin olive oils enriched in β-carotene from fungi at different concentrations (0.041 and 0.082 mg/mL) in order to obtain new functional foods. Values of quality parameters (free acidity, peroxide value, coefficients of specific extinction and p-anisidine) have been obtained, showing that quality of olive oils was improved. Furthermore, the effect of β-carotene was evaluated as possible oxidative stabilizer during microwave heating and ultra violet-light exposure of the oils. As expected, the enrichment process brought changes in olive oils color, turning them orange-reddish. The use of natural antioxidants, in particular β-carotene could be an effective way to protect virgin olive oils from degradation and is a good strategy also to enhance the consumption of bioactive compounds improving olive oils shelf-life and nutritional value.