Editorial

In Malaysia, many conventional and Islamic banks have started offering financial relief to both individual and business customers to ease their short-term financial constraints in the face of the current COVID-19 situation. The research then examines three case studies of central bank practices in Muslim-majority countries, notably Iran, Sudan and Pakistan, which have aimed to establish a full-fledged Islamic financial system since the 1980s. The authors argue that leveraging on the elements of intellectual capital, notably human capital, structural capital and relational capital, would offer potential solutions in the management of waqf institutions. [...]they would be human-friendly rather than organization-centric.