Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature
Pregnant sows, especially during late-gestation, may be susceptible to heat stress due to increased metabolic heat production and body mass. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows exposed to increasing ambient temperature (TA) at 3 re...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of animal science 2020-11, Vol.98, p.7-7 |
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| creator | McConn, Betty R Duttlinger, Alan W Kpodo, Kouassi R Maskal, Jacob M Gaskill, Brianna N Schinckel, Allan P Green-Miller, Angela R Lay, Donald C Johnson, Jay S |
| description | Pregnant sows, especially during late-gestation, may be susceptible to heat stress due to increased metabolic heat production and body mass. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows exposed to increasing ambient temperature (TA) at 3 reproductive stages. In 3 repetitions, 27 multiparous sows (parity 3.22±0.89) were individually housed and had jugular catheters placed 5.0± 1.0 d prior to the experiment. To differentiate between reproductive stages, sows were categorized as open (not pregnant, n=9), mid-gestation (59.7±9.6 days pregnant, n=9), or late-gestation (99.0±4.8 days pregnant, n=9). During the experiment, sows were exposed to 6 consecutive 1 h periods of increasing TA (period 1, 14.39±2.14°C; period 2, 16.20±1.39°C; period 3, 22.09±1.87°C; period 4, 26.34±1.39°C; period 5, 30.56±0.81°C; period 6, 35.07±0.96°C), with 1 h transition phases in between each period. Respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), skin temperature, and vaginal temperature (TV) were measured every 20 min and the mean was calculated for each period. At the end of each period, blood gases, leukocytes, and red blood cell counts were measured. Overall, RR and HR were greater (P |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2501936660</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2501936660</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-proquest_journals_25019366603</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNjEFOwzAQRS0EEqH0DiN1Hcl25KhdI1AP0H1lkknqKvG4MzbQFVcnlXoAVn_x3vsPqjLOuroxbfOoKq2tqbdbY5_Vi8hZa2PdzlXq93BCnolxLJPPxFfwsYd0ukqgicbQ-QkYJVEUFKABhL4FfIY-DAMyxrzgxNSXLocvBMl-XET8SSTYQyYIsWP0EuIIfv4MtyLjnJB9Loyv6mnwk-D6viu1-Xg_vO3r5fNSUPLxTIXjgo7WabNr2rbVzf-sP3obU-s</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2501936660</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature</title><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>McConn, Betty R ; Duttlinger, Alan W ; Kpodo, Kouassi R ; Maskal, Jacob M ; Gaskill, Brianna N ; Schinckel, Allan P ; Green-Miller, Angela R ; Lay, Donald C ; Johnson, Jay S</creator><creatorcontrib>McConn, Betty R ; Duttlinger, Alan W ; Kpodo, Kouassi R ; Maskal, Jacob M ; Gaskill, Brianna N ; Schinckel, Allan P ; Green-Miller, Angela R ; Lay, Donald C ; Johnson, Jay S</creatorcontrib><description>Pregnant sows, especially during late-gestation, may be susceptible to heat stress due to increased metabolic heat production and body mass. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows exposed to increasing ambient temperature (TA) at 3 reproductive stages. In 3 repetitions, 27 multiparous sows (parity 3.22±0.89) were individually housed and had jugular catheters placed 5.0± 1.0 d prior to the experiment. To differentiate between reproductive stages, sows were categorized as open (not pregnant, n=9), mid-gestation (59.7±9.6 days pregnant, n=9), or late-gestation (99.0±4.8 days pregnant, n=9). During the experiment, sows were exposed to 6 consecutive 1 h periods of increasing TA (period 1, 14.39±2.14°C; period 2, 16.20±1.39°C; period 3, 22.09±1.87°C; period 4, 26.34±1.39°C; period 5, 30.56±0.81°C; period 6, 35.07±0.96°C), with 1 h transition phases in between each period. Respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), skin temperature, and vaginal temperature (TV) were measured every 20 min and the mean was calculated for each period. At the end of each period, blood gases, leukocytes, and red blood cell counts were measured. Overall, RR and HR were greater (P<0.04; 45.6% and 12.9%, respectively) in late-gestation versus mid-gestation sows. Compared to mid-gestation and open sows, TV tended to be greater (P=0.06) during period 4 (0.18°C and 0.29°C, respectively) and period 5 (0.14°C and 0.18°C, respectively) in late-gestation sows. Blood O2 increased (P< 0.01; 18.1%) for all sows with advancing period, regardless of reproductive stage. Late-gestation sows had reduced (P=0.02; 16.1%) blood CO2 compared to mid-gestation sows, regardless of period. In summary, late-gestation sows appear to be more sensitive to increasing TA as indicated by increased RR, HR, TV, and blood O2, and reduced blood CO2 when compared to mid-gestation or open sows. This change in O2 and CO2, due to increasing RR and heat stress sensitivity of late-gestation sows, may suggest an alteration to the acid-base balance, leading to respiratory alkalosis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8812</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3163</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Champaign: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Acid-base status ; Alkalosis ; Ambient temperature ; Blood ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Carbon dioxide ; Catheters ; Erythrocytes ; Exposure ; Gases ; Gestation ; Heart rate ; Heat ; Heat stress ; Heat tolerance ; Heatstroke ; Hogs ; Leukocytes ; Physiological responses ; Physiology ; Pregnancy ; Skin temperature ; Temperature ; Vagina</subject><ispartof>Journal of animal science, 2020-11, Vol.98, p.7-7</ispartof><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press Nov 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>McConn, Betty R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duttlinger, Alan W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kpodo, Kouassi R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maskal, Jacob M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaskill, Brianna N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schinckel, Allan P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green-Miller, Angela R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lay, Donald C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Jay S</creatorcontrib><title>Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature</title><title>Journal of animal science</title><description>Pregnant sows, especially during late-gestation, may be susceptible to heat stress due to increased metabolic heat production and body mass. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows exposed to increasing ambient temperature (TA) at 3 reproductive stages. In 3 repetitions, 27 multiparous sows (parity 3.22±0.89) were individually housed and had jugular catheters placed 5.0± 1.0 d prior to the experiment. To differentiate between reproductive stages, sows were categorized as open (not pregnant, n=9), mid-gestation (59.7±9.6 days pregnant, n=9), or late-gestation (99.0±4.8 days pregnant, n=9). During the experiment, sows were exposed to 6 consecutive 1 h periods of increasing TA (period 1, 14.39±2.14°C; period 2, 16.20±1.39°C; period 3, 22.09±1.87°C; period 4, 26.34±1.39°C; period 5, 30.56±0.81°C; period 6, 35.07±0.96°C), with 1 h transition phases in between each period. Respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), skin temperature, and vaginal temperature (TV) were measured every 20 min and the mean was calculated for each period. At the end of each period, blood gases, leukocytes, and red blood cell counts were measured. Overall, RR and HR were greater (P<0.04; 45.6% and 12.9%, respectively) in late-gestation versus mid-gestation sows. Compared to mid-gestation and open sows, TV tended to be greater (P=0.06) during period 4 (0.18°C and 0.29°C, respectively) and period 5 (0.14°C and 0.18°C, respectively) in late-gestation sows. Blood O2 increased (P< 0.01; 18.1%) for all sows with advancing period, regardless of reproductive stage. Late-gestation sows had reduced (P=0.02; 16.1%) blood CO2 compared to mid-gestation sows, regardless of period. In summary, late-gestation sows appear to be more sensitive to increasing TA as indicated by increased RR, HR, TV, and blood O2, and reduced blood CO2 when compared to mid-gestation or open sows. This change in O2 and CO2, due to increasing RR and heat stress sensitivity of late-gestation sows, may suggest an alteration to the acid-base balance, leading to respiratory alkalosis.</description><subject>Acid-base status</subject><subject>Alkalosis</subject><subject>Ambient temperature</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Catheters</subject><subject>Erythrocytes</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Gases</subject><subject>Gestation</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Heat stress</subject><subject>Heat tolerance</subject><subject>Heatstroke</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Leukocytes</subject><subject>Physiological responses</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Skin temperature</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Vagina</subject><issn>0021-8812</issn><issn>1525-3163</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNjEFOwzAQRS0EEqH0DiN1Hcl25KhdI1AP0H1lkknqKvG4MzbQFVcnlXoAVn_x3vsPqjLOuroxbfOoKq2tqbdbY5_Vi8hZa2PdzlXq93BCnolxLJPPxFfwsYd0ukqgicbQ-QkYJVEUFKABhL4FfIY-DAMyxrzgxNSXLocvBMl-XET8SSTYQyYIsWP0EuIIfv4MtyLjnJB9Loyv6mnwk-D6viu1-Xg_vO3r5fNSUPLxTIXjgo7WabNr2rbVzf-sP3obU-s</recordid><startdate>20201101</startdate><enddate>20201101</enddate><creator>McConn, Betty R</creator><creator>Duttlinger, Alan W</creator><creator>Kpodo, Kouassi R</creator><creator>Maskal, Jacob M</creator><creator>Gaskill, 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and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature</title><author>McConn, Betty R ; Duttlinger, Alan W ; Kpodo, Kouassi R ; Maskal, Jacob M ; Gaskill, Brianna N ; Schinckel, Allan P ; Green-Miller, Angela R ; Lay, Donald C ; Johnson, Jay S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-proquest_journals_25019366603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Acid-base status</topic><topic>Alkalosis</topic><topic>Ambient temperature</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Catheters</topic><topic>Erythrocytes</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Gases</topic><topic>Gestation</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>Heat</topic><topic>Heat stress</topic><topic>Heat tolerance</topic><topic>Heatstroke</topic><topic>Hogs</topic><topic>Leukocytes</topic><topic>Physiological responses</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Skin temperature</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Vagina</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>McConn, Betty R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duttlinger, Alan W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kpodo, Kouassi R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maskal, Jacob M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaskill, Brianna N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schinckel, Allan P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green-Miller, Angela R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lay, Donald C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Jay S</creatorcontrib><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical 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P</au><au>Green-Miller, Angela R</au><au>Lay, Donald C</au><au>Johnson, Jay S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature</atitle><jtitle>Journal of animal science</jtitle><date>2020-11-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>98</volume><spage>7</spage><epage>7</epage><pages>7-7</pages><issn>0021-8812</issn><eissn>1525-3163</eissn><abstract>Pregnant sows, especially during late-gestation, may be susceptible to heat stress due to increased metabolic heat production and body mass. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows exposed to increasing ambient temperature (TA) at 3 reproductive stages. In 3 repetitions, 27 multiparous sows (parity 3.22±0.89) were individually housed and had jugular catheters placed 5.0± 1.0 d prior to the experiment. To differentiate between reproductive stages, sows were categorized as open (not pregnant, n=9), mid-gestation (59.7±9.6 days pregnant, n=9), or late-gestation (99.0±4.8 days pregnant, n=9). During the experiment, sows were exposed to 6 consecutive 1 h periods of increasing TA (period 1, 14.39±2.14°C; period 2, 16.20±1.39°C; period 3, 22.09±1.87°C; period 4, 26.34±1.39°C; period 5, 30.56±0.81°C; period 6, 35.07±0.96°C), with 1 h transition phases in between each period. Respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), skin temperature, and vaginal temperature (TV) were measured every 20 min and the mean was calculated for each period. At the end of each period, blood gases, leukocytes, and red blood cell counts were measured. Overall, RR and HR were greater (P<0.04; 45.6% and 12.9%, respectively) in late-gestation versus mid-gestation sows. Compared to mid-gestation and open sows, TV tended to be greater (P=0.06) during period 4 (0.18°C and 0.29°C, respectively) and period 5 (0.14°C and 0.18°C, respectively) in late-gestation sows. Blood O2 increased (P< 0.01; 18.1%) for all sows with advancing period, regardless of reproductive stage. Late-gestation sows had reduced (P=0.02; 16.1%) blood CO2 compared to mid-gestation sows, regardless of period. In summary, late-gestation sows appear to be more sensitive to increasing TA as indicated by increased RR, HR, TV, and blood O2, and reduced blood CO2 when compared to mid-gestation or open sows. This change in O2 and CO2, due to increasing RR and heat stress sensitivity of late-gestation sows, may suggest an alteration to the acid-base balance, leading to respiratory alkalosis.</abstract><cop>Champaign</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid-base status Alkalosis Ambient temperature Blood Body mass Body mass index Carbon dioxide Catheters Erythrocytes Exposure Gases Gestation Heart rate Heat Heat stress Heat tolerance Heatstroke Hogs Leukocytes Physiological responses Physiology Pregnancy Skin temperature Temperature Vagina |
| title | Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of sows at different reproductive stages exposed to increasing ambient temperature |
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