Determinants of Eimeria and Campylobacter infection dynamics in UK domestic sheep: the role of co-infection
Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species is a well-recognized disease of livestock. Enteric Eimeria infections are common, but disease usually only manifests when infection intensity is abnormally high. Campylobacter species are important zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens for which livestock are imp...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Parasitology 2021-04, Vol.148 (5), p.623-629 |
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| creator | Al-Neama, Raed Taha Bown, Kevin J. Blake, Damer P. Birtles, Richard J. |
| description | Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species is a well-recognized disease of livestock. Enteric Eimeria infections are common, but disease usually only manifests when infection intensity is abnormally high. Campylobacter species are important zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens for which livestock are important reservoir hosts. The diversity and epidemiology of ovine Eimeria and Campylobacter infections on two farms in north-western England were explored through a 24-month survey of shedding in sheep feces. Most animals were infected with at least one of 10 different Eimeria species, among which E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis were most common. An animal's age and the season of sampling were associated with the probability and intensity of Eimeria infection. Season of sampling was also associated with the probability of Campylobacter infection. Interestingly, higher intensities of Eimeria infections were significantly more common in animals not co-infected with Campylobacter. We explored the determinants of E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis infections, observing that being infected with either significantly increased the likelihood of infection with the other. The prevalence of E. ovinoidalis infections was significantly lower in sheep infected with Campylobacter. Recognition that co-infectors shape the dynamics of parasite infection is relevant to the design of effective infection control programmes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0031182021000044 |
| format | Article |
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Enteric Eimeria infections are common, but disease usually only manifests when infection intensity is abnormally high. Campylobacter species are important zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens for which livestock are important reservoir hosts. The diversity and epidemiology of ovine Eimeria and Campylobacter infections on two farms in north-western England were explored through a 24-month survey of shedding in sheep feces. Most animals were infected with at least one of 10 different Eimeria species, among which E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis were most common. An animal's age and the season of sampling were associated with the probability and intensity of Eimeria infection. Season of sampling was also associated with the probability of Campylobacter infection. Interestingly, higher intensities of Eimeria infections were significantly more common in animals not co-infected with Campylobacter. We explored the determinants of E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis infections, observing that being infected with either significantly increased the likelihood of infection with the other. The prevalence of E. ovinoidalis infections was significantly lower in sheep infected with Campylobacter. Recognition that co-infectors shape the dynamics of parasite infection is relevant to the design of effective infection control programmes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-1820</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-8161</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0031182021000044</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33541446</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Age ; Animal diseases ; Animals ; Campylobacter ; Campylobacter - physiology ; Campylobacter Infections - epidemiology ; Campylobacter Infections - microbiology ; Campylobacter Infections - veterinary ; Coccidiosis ; Coccidiosis - epidemiology ; Coccidiosis - parasitology ; Coccidiosis - veterinary ; Coinfection - epidemiology ; Coinfection - microbiology ; Coinfection - parasitology ; Coinfection - veterinary ; Disease control ; Domestic animals ; Eimeria ; Eimeria - physiology ; England - epidemiology ; Epidemiology ; Farms ; Feces ; Generalized linear models ; Immunization ; Infections ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Livestock ; Parasites ; Parasitology ; Polls & surveys ; Pregnancy ; Sampling ; Science & Technology ; Seasons ; Shape recognition ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases - epidemiology ; Sheep Diseases - microbiology ; Sheep Diseases - parasitology ; Sheep, Domestic ; Species</subject><ispartof>Parasitology, 2021-04, Vol.148 (5), p.623-629</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021 2021 The Author(s)</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>9</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000627425700013</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-8953657a8a2403cb2656cfe5e2d099c2cea1b078426bb27d31607609a6752a713</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-8953657a8a2403cb2656cfe5e2d099c2cea1b078426bb27d31607609a6752a713</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1077-2306 ; 0000-0002-4216-5044 ; 0000-0002-9312-7224</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10090772/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0031182021000044/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,230,315,728,781,785,886,27929,27930,39263,53796,53798,55633</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33541446$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Al-Neama, Raed Taha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bown, Kevin J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blake, Damer P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birtles, Richard J.</creatorcontrib><title>Determinants of Eimeria and Campylobacter infection dynamics in UK domestic sheep: the role of co-infection</title><title>Parasitology</title><addtitle>PARASITOLOGY</addtitle><addtitle>Parasitology</addtitle><description>Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species is a well-recognized disease of livestock. Enteric Eimeria infections are common, but disease usually only manifests when infection intensity is abnormally high. Campylobacter species are important zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens for which livestock are important reservoir hosts. The diversity and epidemiology of ovine Eimeria and Campylobacter infections on two farms in north-western England were explored through a 24-month survey of shedding in sheep feces. Most animals were infected with at least one of 10 different Eimeria species, among which E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis were most common. An animal's age and the season of sampling were associated with the probability and intensity of Eimeria infection. Season of sampling was also associated with the probability of Campylobacter infection. Interestingly, higher intensities of Eimeria infections were significantly more common in animals not co-infected with Campylobacter. We explored the determinants of E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis infections, observing that being infected with either significantly increased the likelihood of infection with the other. The prevalence of E. ovinoidalis infections was significantly lower in sheep infected with Campylobacter. Recognition that co-infectors shape the dynamics of parasite infection is relevant to the design of effective infection control programmes.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Animal diseases</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Campylobacter</subject><subject>Campylobacter - physiology</subject><subject>Campylobacter Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Campylobacter Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Campylobacter Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Coccidiosis</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Coccidiosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Coinfection - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coinfection - microbiology</subject><subject>Coinfection - parasitology</subject><subject>Coinfection - veterinary</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Domestic animals</subject><subject>Eimeria</subject><subject>Eimeria - physiology</subject><subject>England - epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Farms</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Generalized linear models</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitology</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Shape recognition</subject><subject>Sheep</subject><subject>Sheep Diseases - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Al-Neama, Raed Taha</au><au>Bown, Kevin J.</au><au>Blake, Damer P.</au><au>Birtles, Richard J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Determinants of Eimeria and Campylobacter infection dynamics in UK domestic sheep: the role of co-infection</atitle><jtitle>Parasitology</jtitle><stitle>PARASITOLOGY</stitle><addtitle>Parasitology</addtitle><date>2021-04-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>148</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>623</spage><epage>629</epage><pages>623-629</pages><issn>0031-1820</issn><eissn>1469-8161</eissn><abstract>Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species is a well-recognized disease of livestock. Enteric Eimeria infections are common, but disease usually only manifests when infection intensity is abnormally high. Campylobacter species are important zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens for which livestock are important reservoir hosts. The diversity and epidemiology of ovine Eimeria and Campylobacter infections on two farms in north-western England were explored through a 24-month survey of shedding in sheep feces. Most animals were infected with at least one of 10 different Eimeria species, among which E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis were most common. An animal's age and the season of sampling were associated with the probability and intensity of Eimeria infection. Season of sampling was also associated with the probability of Campylobacter infection. Interestingly, higher intensities of Eimeria infections were significantly more common in animals not co-infected with Campylobacter. We explored the determinants of E. bakuensis and E. ovinoidalis infections, observing that being infected with either significantly increased the likelihood of infection with the other. The prevalence of E. ovinoidalis infections was significantly lower in sheep infected with Campylobacter. Recognition that co-infectors shape the dynamics of parasite infection is relevant to the design of effective infection control programmes.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>33541446</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0031182021000044</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1077-2306</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4216-5044</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-7224</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age Animal diseases Animals Campylobacter Campylobacter - physiology Campylobacter Infections - epidemiology Campylobacter Infections - microbiology Campylobacter Infections - veterinary Coccidiosis Coccidiosis - epidemiology Coccidiosis - parasitology Coccidiosis - veterinary Coinfection - epidemiology Coinfection - microbiology Coinfection - parasitology Coinfection - veterinary Disease control Domestic animals Eimeria Eimeria - physiology England - epidemiology Epidemiology Farms Feces Generalized linear models Immunization Infections Life Sciences & Biomedicine Livestock Parasites Parasitology Polls & surveys Pregnancy Sampling Science & Technology Seasons Shape recognition Sheep Sheep Diseases - epidemiology Sheep Diseases - microbiology Sheep Diseases - parasitology Sheep, Domestic Species |
| title | Determinants of Eimeria and Campylobacter infection dynamics in UK domestic sheep: the role of co-infection |
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