Enhancing the photovoltaic performance of Cd-free Cu2ZnSnS4 heterojunction solar cells using SnS HTL and TiO2 ETL

•Cd-free CZTS solar cells with improved photo-conversion efficiency.•Incorporation of SnS HTL into CZTS-based solar cells reduces the VOC deficit.•TiO2 ETL could be a good alternative to CdS in CZTS-based solar cells.•Metals like Au, Ir, Ni & W can be used as back metal contact materials. Cu2ZnS...

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