Electron beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide and investigating the effect of EBM layer orientation on milling performance
Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the growing processes of additive manufacturing technology (AMT) to fabricate 3D parts from various difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys. A major limitation of the EBM process is the poor surface finish of the produced parts which ultimately de...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of advanced manufacturing technology 2018-06, Vol.96 (9-12), p.3093-3107 |
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container_title | International journal of advanced manufacturing technology |
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creator | Anwar, Saqib Ahmed, Naveed Abdo, Basem M. Pervaiz, Salman Chowdhury, M. A. K. Alahmari, Abdulrahman M. |
description | Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the growing processes of additive manufacturing technology (AMT) to fabricate 3D parts from various difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys. A major limitation of the EBM process is the poor surface finish of the produced parts which ultimately demands a subsequent subtractive method (secondary finishing operation) to improve the surface finish for shaping the part to be fit for-end use applications where high surface finish is commonly required. With respect to the EBM layer build direction, the fabricated part has different orientations with varying surface characteristics. Therefore, in order to perform secondary finishing operation (e.g., milling) there are different choices of EBM part orientation to select the direction of tool feed. In this research, 3D parts of titanium alloy (gamma titanium aluminide; γ-TiAl) are additively manufactured through EBM process. The effect of EBM layer/part orientation on the milling performance is further investigated in terms of surface finish improvement and edge chipping evaluation. It has been observed that the EBM layer/part orientation with respect to milling tool feed direction (TFD) plays a vital role in milling performance. Thus, a care must be taken to select the appropriate tool feed direction and layer/part orientation in order to achieve maximum surface finish with minimum edge chipping. The results revealed the vertical milling can be adopted as a secondary finishing operation to be performed on EBM produced parts of γ-TiAl and it allows to significantly improve the poor surface finish generated by EBM (
R
a
31 μm). Furthermore, among the available part orientation choices, the part orientation in which the milling tool is fed across the EBM layer build direction is the best orientation resulting into high surface finish (
R
a
0.12 μm) with relatively smooth edges (minimum chipping-off). |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00170-018-1802-7 |
format | Article |
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R
a
31 μm). Furthermore, among the available part orientation choices, the part orientation in which the milling tool is fed across the EBM layer build direction is the best orientation resulting into high surface finish (
R
a
0.12 μm) with relatively smooth edges (minimum chipping-off).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0268-3768</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-3015</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00170-018-1802-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Springer London</publisher><subject>Additive manufacturing ; CAE) and Design ; Chipping ; Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD ; Electron beam melting ; Engineering ; Feed direction ; Finishing ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; Intermetallic compounds ; Materials selection ; Mechanical Engineering ; Media Management ; Orientation effects ; Original Article ; Surface finish ; Surface properties ; Titanium alloys ; Titanium aluminides ; Titanium base alloys</subject><ispartof>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology, 2018-06, Vol.96 (9-12), p.3093-3107</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Science & Business Media 2018</rights><rights>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2018.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-6b53e00e925fb78a4da53ddeaeeba3ce2d29f223a57519503e13f9c545797f5d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-6b53e00e925fb78a4da53ddeaeeba3ce2d29f223a57519503e13f9c545797f5d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-018-1802-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00170-018-1802-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,27931,27932,41495,42564,51326</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Anwar, Saqib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Naveed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdo, Basem M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pervaiz, Salman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chowdhury, M. A. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.</creatorcontrib><title>Electron beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide and investigating the effect of EBM layer orientation on milling performance</title><title>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</title><addtitle>Int J Adv Manuf Technol</addtitle><description>Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the growing processes of additive manufacturing technology (AMT) to fabricate 3D parts from various difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys. A major limitation of the EBM process is the poor surface finish of the produced parts which ultimately demands a subsequent subtractive method (secondary finishing operation) to improve the surface finish for shaping the part to be fit for-end use applications where high surface finish is commonly required. With respect to the EBM layer build direction, the fabricated part has different orientations with varying surface characteristics. Therefore, in order to perform secondary finishing operation (e.g., milling) there are different choices of EBM part orientation to select the direction of tool feed. In this research, 3D parts of titanium alloy (gamma titanium aluminide; γ-TiAl) are additively manufactured through EBM process. The effect of EBM layer/part orientation on the milling performance is further investigated in terms of surface finish improvement and edge chipping evaluation. It has been observed that the EBM layer/part orientation with respect to milling tool feed direction (TFD) plays a vital role in milling performance. Thus, a care must be taken to select the appropriate tool feed direction and layer/part orientation in order to achieve maximum surface finish with minimum edge chipping. The results revealed the vertical milling can be adopted as a secondary finishing operation to be performed on EBM produced parts of γ-TiAl and it allows to significantly improve the poor surface finish generated by EBM (
R
a
31 μm). Furthermore, among the available part orientation choices, the part orientation in which the milling tool is fed across the EBM layer build direction is the best orientation resulting into high surface finish (
R
a
0.12 μm) with relatively smooth edges (minimum chipping-off).</description><subject>Additive manufacturing</subject><subject>CAE) and Design</subject><subject>Chipping</subject><subject>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD</subject><subject>Electron beam melting</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Feed direction</subject><subject>Finishing</subject><subject>Industrial and Production Engineering</subject><subject>Intermetallic compounds</subject><subject>Materials selection</subject><subject>Mechanical Engineering</subject><subject>Media Management</subject><subject>Orientation effects</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Surface finish</subject><subject>Surface properties</subject><subject>Titanium alloys</subject><subject>Titanium aluminides</subject><subject>Titanium base alloys</subject><issn>0268-3768</issn><issn>1433-3015</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp90ctKxDAYBeAgCo6jD-Au4LqaS9O0Sx3GC4y40XVI2z81Q5OOaSvMxmc3tYIrBwLZfOckcBC6pOSaEiJvekKoJAmheUJzwhJ5hBY05TzhhIpjtCAsyxMus_wUnfX9NuqMZvkCfa1bqIbQeVyCdthBO1jf4M7gRjun8WAH7e3osG5HZ72tAWtfY-s_oR9so3_08A4YjIlFU3B994xbvYeAu2DBD9HE-nicbduJ7yCYLjjtKzhHJ0a3PVz83kv0dr9-XT0mm5eHp9XtJqm4ZEOSlYIDIVAwYUqZ67TWgtc1aIBS8wpYzQrDGNdCCloIwoFyU1QiFbKQRtR8ia7m3l3oPsb4dbXtxuDjk4qlBcmlEIIdVCxjNJWSiYOKpIzlshAyKjqrKnR9H8CoXbBOh72iRE2TqXkyFSdT02RqyrA500frGwh_zf-HvgFqN5k9</recordid><startdate>20180601</startdate><enddate>20180601</enddate><creator>Anwar, Saqib</creator><creator>Ahmed, Naveed</creator><creator>Abdo, Basem M.</creator><creator>Pervaiz, Salman</creator><creator>Chowdhury, M. A. K.</creator><creator>Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.</creator><general>Springer London</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180601</creationdate><title>Electron beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide and investigating the effect of EBM layer orientation on milling performance</title><author>Anwar, Saqib ; Ahmed, Naveed ; Abdo, Basem M. ; Pervaiz, Salman ; Chowdhury, M. A. K. ; Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-6b53e00e925fb78a4da53ddeaeeba3ce2d29f223a57519503e13f9c545797f5d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Additive manufacturing</topic><topic>CAE) and Design</topic><topic>Chipping</topic><topic>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD</topic><topic>Electron beam melting</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Feed direction</topic><topic>Finishing</topic><topic>Industrial and Production Engineering</topic><topic>Intermetallic compounds</topic><topic>Materials selection</topic><topic>Mechanical Engineering</topic><topic>Media Management</topic><topic>Orientation effects</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Surface finish</topic><topic>Surface properties</topic><topic>Titanium alloys</topic><topic>Titanium aluminides</topic><topic>Titanium base alloys</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Anwar, Saqib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Naveed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdo, Basem M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pervaiz, Salman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chowdhury, M. A. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><jtitle>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Anwar, Saqib</au><au>Ahmed, Naveed</au><au>Abdo, Basem M.</au><au>Pervaiz, Salman</au><au>Chowdhury, M. A. K.</au><au>Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Electron beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide and investigating the effect of EBM layer orientation on milling performance</atitle><jtitle>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</jtitle><stitle>Int J Adv Manuf Technol</stitle><date>2018-06-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>9-12</issue><spage>3093</spage><epage>3107</epage><pages>3093-3107</pages><issn>0268-3768</issn><eissn>1433-3015</eissn><abstract>Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the growing processes of additive manufacturing technology (AMT) to fabricate 3D parts from various difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys. A major limitation of the EBM process is the poor surface finish of the produced parts which ultimately demands a subsequent subtractive method (secondary finishing operation) to improve the surface finish for shaping the part to be fit for-end use applications where high surface finish is commonly required. With respect to the EBM layer build direction, the fabricated part has different orientations with varying surface characteristics. Therefore, in order to perform secondary finishing operation (e.g., milling) there are different choices of EBM part orientation to select the direction of tool feed. In this research, 3D parts of titanium alloy (gamma titanium aluminide; γ-TiAl) are additively manufactured through EBM process. The effect of EBM layer/part orientation on the milling performance is further investigated in terms of surface finish improvement and edge chipping evaluation. It has been observed that the EBM layer/part orientation with respect to milling tool feed direction (TFD) plays a vital role in milling performance. Thus, a care must be taken to select the appropriate tool feed direction and layer/part orientation in order to achieve maximum surface finish with minimum edge chipping. The results revealed the vertical milling can be adopted as a secondary finishing operation to be performed on EBM produced parts of γ-TiAl and it allows to significantly improve the poor surface finish generated by EBM (
R
a
31 μm). Furthermore, among the available part orientation choices, the part orientation in which the milling tool is fed across the EBM layer build direction is the best orientation resulting into high surface finish (
R
a
0.12 μm) with relatively smooth edges (minimum chipping-off).</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Springer London</pub><doi>10.1007/s00170-018-1802-7</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Additive manufacturing CAE) and Design Chipping Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD Electron beam melting Engineering Feed direction Finishing Industrial and Production Engineering Intermetallic compounds Materials selection Mechanical Engineering Media Management Orientation effects Original Article Surface finish Surface properties Titanium alloys Titanium aluminides Titanium base alloys |
title | Electron beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide and investigating the effect of EBM layer orientation on milling performance |
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