Analysis of residual stress evolution during powder bed fusionprocess of AISI 316L stainless steel with experiment and numerical modeling
The stress development behavior during an additive manufacturing process was investigated by experiments and numerical finite element models. The particular manufacturing process examined was a laser powder bed fusion of AISI 316L stainless steel. In the experiment, estimation of residual stress was...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of advanced manufacturing technology 2019-11, Vol.105 (1-4), p.309-323 |
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description | The stress development behavior during an additive manufacturing process was investigated by experiments and numerical finite element models. The particular manufacturing process examined was a laser powder bed fusion of AISI 316L stainless steel. In the experiment, estimation of residual stress was done by measuring distortions of beam-shaped specimens when cutting from baseplate. Cantilever beam-shaped specimens were used for the analysis and the results were compared with simple beam-shaped specimens. The cantilever beam-shaped specimens showed pronounced bending while detaching from the baseplate, whereas the simple beam-shaped specimens showed much fewer distortions. The resulted distortions were characterized by the curvature radii which decreased significantly when the beam thickness decreased. The experimental data was analyzed and compared with analytical and proposed numerical finite element models. Both the analytical and numerical models assumed sequential additions of thermally shrank layers to estimate the residual stress state and the distortion. The analytical model considered pure elastic deformation of each layer while the numerical model assumed elastoplastic behavior. A detailed characterization of the residual deformation in the specimens through macroscopic and microstructural observations indicated that there is a significant stress relaxation by annealing effect during the process. The numerical model used in this study was able to predict the distortions and the residual stress distributions observed in the experiments. Although there was generally good correlation between the model and the experiments with the model parameters used in the study, the model assumed many significant aspects of the material and process behavior. Additional model parameter calibrations shall be required if the object shape, scanning parameters, or material properties are changed significantly. |
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The particular manufacturing process examined was a laser powder bed fusion of AISI 316L stainless steel. In the experiment, estimation of residual stress was done by measuring distortions of beam-shaped specimens when cutting from baseplate. Cantilever beam-shaped specimens were used for the analysis and the results were compared with simple beam-shaped specimens. The cantilever beam-shaped specimens showed pronounced bending while detaching from the baseplate, whereas the simple beam-shaped specimens showed much fewer distortions. The resulted distortions were characterized by the curvature radii which decreased significantly when the beam thickness decreased. The experimental data was analyzed and compared with analytical and proposed numerical finite element models. Both the analytical and numerical models assumed sequential additions of thermally shrank layers to estimate the residual stress state and the distortion. The analytical model considered pure elastic deformation of each layer while the numerical model assumed elastoplastic behavior. A detailed characterization of the residual deformation in the specimens through macroscopic and microstructural observations indicated that there is a significant stress relaxation by annealing effect during the process. The numerical model used in this study was able to predict the distortions and the residual stress distributions observed in the experiments. Although there was generally good correlation between the model and the experiments with the model parameters used in the study, the model assumed many significant aspects of the material and process behavior. Additional model parameter calibrations shall be required if the object shape, scanning parameters, or material properties are changed significantly.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0268-3768</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-3015</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00170-019-04204-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Springer London</publisher><subject>Austenitic stainless steels ; CAE) and Design ; Cantilever beams ; Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD ; Curvature ; Cutting parameters ; Distortion ; Elastic deformation ; Elastoplasticity ; Engineering ; Experiments ; Finite element method ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; Material properties ; Mathematical models ; Mechanical Engineering ; Media Management ; Numerical models ; Original Article ; Powder beds ; Process parameters ; Residual stress ; Stainless steel ; Stress relaxation</subject><ispartof>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology, 2019-11, Vol.105 (1-4), p.309-323</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2019.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-2e3258cb0c67eb902999b925ef622608a0bc75d263abe0420e3bf2b1dc6982a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-2e3258cb0c67eb902999b925ef622608a0bc75d263abe0420e3bf2b1dc6982a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-019-04204-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00170-019-04204-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taehwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ha, Kyeongsik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Young-Rae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Jong Bae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Wookjin</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of residual stress evolution during powder bed fusionprocess of AISI 316L stainless steel with experiment and numerical modeling</title><title>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</title><addtitle>Int J Adv Manuf Technol</addtitle><description>The stress development behavior during an additive manufacturing process was investigated by experiments and numerical finite element models. The particular manufacturing process examined was a laser powder bed fusion of AISI 316L stainless steel. In the experiment, estimation of residual stress was done by measuring distortions of beam-shaped specimens when cutting from baseplate. Cantilever beam-shaped specimens were used for the analysis and the results were compared with simple beam-shaped specimens. The cantilever beam-shaped specimens showed pronounced bending while detaching from the baseplate, whereas the simple beam-shaped specimens showed much fewer distortions. The resulted distortions were characterized by the curvature radii which decreased significantly when the beam thickness decreased. The experimental data was analyzed and compared with analytical and proposed numerical finite element models. Both the analytical and numerical models assumed sequential additions of thermally shrank layers to estimate the residual stress state and the distortion. The analytical model considered pure elastic deformation of each layer while the numerical model assumed elastoplastic behavior. A detailed characterization of the residual deformation in the specimens through macroscopic and microstructural observations indicated that there is a significant stress relaxation by annealing effect during the process. The numerical model used in this study was able to predict the distortions and the residual stress distributions observed in the experiments. Although there was generally good correlation between the model and the experiments with the model parameters used in the study, the model assumed many significant aspects of the material and process behavior. Additional model parameter calibrations shall be required if the object shape, scanning parameters, or material properties are changed significantly.</description><subject>Austenitic stainless steels</subject><subject>CAE) and Design</subject><subject>Cantilever beams</subject><subject>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD</subject><subject>Curvature</subject><subject>Cutting parameters</subject><subject>Distortion</subject><subject>Elastic deformation</subject><subject>Elastoplasticity</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Finite element method</subject><subject>Industrial and Production Engineering</subject><subject>Material properties</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Mechanical Engineering</subject><subject>Media Management</subject><subject>Numerical models</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Powder beds</subject><subject>Process parameters</subject><subject>Residual stress</subject><subject>Stainless steel</subject><subject>Stress relaxation</subject><issn>0268-3768</issn><issn>1433-3015</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctOwzAURC0EEqXwA6wssQ5cXydOvKwqHpUqsaB7y0luIFWaBDuh9BP4axyKxI6VX3PG9gxj1wJuBUB65wFEChEIHUGMEEdwwmYiljKSIJJTNgNUWSRTlZ2zC--3Qa6Eymbsa9Ha5uBrz7uKO_J1OdqG-yFMPaePrhmHumt5Obq6feV9ty_J8ZxKXo0-HPSuKyZlgBerlxWXQq0Dbeu2mbb9QNTwfT28cfrsydU7agdu25K34y4si3DXriupCeaX7Kyyjaer33HONg_3m-VTtH5-XC0X66iQcTpESBKTrMihUCnlGlBrnWtMqFKICjILeZEmJSppc5qyIJlXmIuyUDpDK-fs5mgbnv4-kh_MthtdCMEbjDVkcaq0-FeFSiMmKU4qPKoK13nvqDJ9-KJ1ByPATL2YYy8m9GJ-ejEQIHmEfD9lSu7P-h_qGwZDkWA</recordid><startdate>20191101</startdate><enddate>20191101</enddate><creator>Kim, Taehwan</creator><creator>Ha, Kyeongsik</creator><creator>Cho, Young-Rae</creator><creator>Jeon, Jong Bae</creator><creator>Lee, Wookjin</creator><general>Springer London</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20191101</creationdate><title>Analysis of residual stress evolution during powder bed fusionprocess of AISI 316L stainless steel with experiment and numerical modeling</title><author>Kim, Taehwan ; Ha, Kyeongsik ; Cho, Young-Rae ; Jeon, Jong Bae ; Lee, Wookjin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-2e3258cb0c67eb902999b925ef622608a0bc75d263abe0420e3bf2b1dc6982a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Austenitic stainless steels</topic><topic>CAE) and Design</topic><topic>Cantilever beams</topic><topic>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD</topic><topic>Curvature</topic><topic>Cutting parameters</topic><topic>Distortion</topic><topic>Elastic deformation</topic><topic>Elastoplasticity</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Finite element method</topic><topic>Industrial and Production Engineering</topic><topic>Material properties</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Mechanical Engineering</topic><topic>Media Management</topic><topic>Numerical models</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Powder beds</topic><topic>Process parameters</topic><topic>Residual stress</topic><topic>Stainless steel</topic><topic>Stress relaxation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taehwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ha, Kyeongsik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Young-Rae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Jong Bae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Wookjin</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><jtitle>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Taehwan</au><au>Ha, Kyeongsik</au><au>Cho, Young-Rae</au><au>Jeon, Jong Bae</au><au>Lee, Wookjin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of residual stress evolution during powder bed fusionprocess of AISI 316L stainless steel with experiment and numerical modeling</atitle><jtitle>International journal of advanced manufacturing technology</jtitle><stitle>Int J Adv Manuf Technol</stitle><date>2019-11-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>105</volume><issue>1-4</issue><spage>309</spage><epage>323</epage><pages>309-323</pages><issn>0268-3768</issn><eissn>1433-3015</eissn><abstract>The stress development behavior during an additive manufacturing process was investigated by experiments and numerical finite element models. The particular manufacturing process examined was a laser powder bed fusion of AISI 316L stainless steel. In the experiment, estimation of residual stress was done by measuring distortions of beam-shaped specimens when cutting from baseplate. Cantilever beam-shaped specimens were used for the analysis and the results were compared with simple beam-shaped specimens. The cantilever beam-shaped specimens showed pronounced bending while detaching from the baseplate, whereas the simple beam-shaped specimens showed much fewer distortions. The resulted distortions were characterized by the curvature radii which decreased significantly when the beam thickness decreased. The experimental data was analyzed and compared with analytical and proposed numerical finite element models. Both the analytical and numerical models assumed sequential additions of thermally shrank layers to estimate the residual stress state and the distortion. The analytical model considered pure elastic deformation of each layer while the numerical model assumed elastoplastic behavior. A detailed characterization of the residual deformation in the specimens through macroscopic and microstructural observations indicated that there is a significant stress relaxation by annealing effect during the process. The numerical model used in this study was able to predict the distortions and the residual stress distributions observed in the experiments. Although there was generally good correlation between the model and the experiments with the model parameters used in the study, the model assumed many significant aspects of the material and process behavior. Additional model parameter calibrations shall be required if the object shape, scanning parameters, or material properties are changed significantly.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Springer London</pub><doi>10.1007/s00170-019-04204-0</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Austenitic stainless steels CAE) and Design Cantilever beams Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD Curvature Cutting parameters Distortion Elastic deformation Elastoplasticity Engineering Experiments Finite element method Industrial and Production Engineering Material properties Mathematical models Mechanical Engineering Media Management Numerical models Original Article Powder beds Process parameters Residual stress Stainless steel Stress relaxation |
title | Analysis of residual stress evolution during powder bed fusionprocess of AISI 316L stainless steel with experiment and numerical modeling |
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