Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults
Key points Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults. In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of physiology 2021-02, Vol.599 (4), p.1097-1113 |
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| creator | Shoemaker, L. N. Wilson, L. C. Lucas, S. J. E. Machado, L. Walker, R. J. Cotter, J. D. |
| description | Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults. Using a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design, we tested the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using indomethacin [1.2 mg kg–1 oral dose]) would impair cognition in young (n = 13; 25 ± 4 years) and older (n = 12; 58 ± 6 years) healthy adults. CBF and cerebrovascular control were measured using middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAvmean) and its reactivity to hypercapnia (CVRHYPER) and hypocapnia (CVRHYPO), respectively. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized battery including response time tasks. Baseline comparisons revealed that older adults had 14% lower MCAvmean and 15% lower cognitive performance (all P ≤ 0.048), but not lower CVRHYPER/HYPO (P ≥ 0.26). Linear and rank‐based mixed models revealed that indomethacin decreased MCAvmean by 31% (95% confidence interval = –35 to –26), CVRHYPER by 68% [interquartile range (IQR) = –94 to –44] and CVRHYPO by 50% (IQR = –83 to –33) (treatment‐effect; all P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1113/JP280118 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2489116711</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2489116711</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3840-ec37629d8ceaddc0d168c6e7235300ac7407f725061a5102e4cea78870073a723</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kMFO3DAQQC3UqmyXSnxBZamXHho6Eyexc6xQW0BI5QDnyGvPsqZeZ2s7RTnz45gucOvJI_npzegxdoxwgoji68VVrQBRHbAFNl1fSdmLN2wBUNeVkC0esvcp3QGggL5_xw6FQNWqvluwh_Ngxy3ljTYu8K2Ov8n6ma_8FHLihiKtovZ8R3E9JTcGroPlkbTJ7q_L8xd-7_KGe5ezJ27G2-DKx9MUEv2ZKBjixbsh7fNm5vM4hdt_itFbilzbyed0xN6utU_04fldspsf369Pz6rLXz_PT79dVkaoBioyQnZ1b5Uhba0Bi50yHclatAJAG9mAXMu6hQ51i1BTU0CplASQQhdsyT7tvbs4lttSHu7GKYaycqgb1SN2ssRcss97ysQxpUjrYRddCTMPCMNT7eGldkE_Pgun1ZbsK_iStwAne-DeeZr_KxquL66waSSIR_6giUQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2489116711</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults</title><source>Wiley Free Content</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Shoemaker, L. N. ; Wilson, L. C. ; Lucas, S. J. E. ; Machado, L. ; Walker, R. J. ; Cotter, J. D.</creator><creatorcontrib>Shoemaker, L. N. ; Wilson, L. C. ; Lucas, S. J. E. ; Machado, L. ; Walker, R. J. ; Cotter, J. D.</creatorcontrib><description>Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults. Using a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design, we tested the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using indomethacin [1.2 mg kg–1 oral dose]) would impair cognition in young (n = 13; 25 ± 4 years) and older (n = 12; 58 ± 6 years) healthy adults. CBF and cerebrovascular control were measured using middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAvmean) and its reactivity to hypercapnia (CVRHYPER) and hypocapnia (CVRHYPO), respectively. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized battery including response time tasks. Baseline comparisons revealed that older adults had 14% lower MCAvmean and 15% lower cognitive performance (all P ≤ 0.048), but not lower CVRHYPER/HYPO (P ≥ 0.26). Linear and rank‐based mixed models revealed that indomethacin decreased MCAvmean by 31% (95% confidence interval = –35 to –26), CVRHYPER by 68% [interquartile range (IQR) = –94 to –44] and CVRHYPO by 50% (IQR = –83 to –33) (treatment‐effect; all P < 0.01), regardless of age. Baseline CVRHYPER/HYPO values were strongly associated with their indomethacin‐induced reductions (r = 0.70 to 0.89, P < 0.01). Mental switching performance was impaired 7% (IQR = 0–19) after indomethacin (P = 0.04), but not significantly associated with reductions in MCAvmean (Young: rho = –0.31, P = 0.30; Older: rho = 0.06, P = 0.86). In conclusion, indomethacin reduced MCAvmean and impaired cognition slightly; however, no clear association was evident in younger or older adults. Older adults had poorer cognition and lower MCAvmean, but similar CVRHYPER/HYPO.
Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3751</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7793</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1113/JP280118</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33185896</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Aged ; ageing ; Blood flow ; Carbon dioxide ; Cerebral blood flow ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Humans ; Hypercapnia ; Hypocapnia ; Indomethacin ; Older people ; Perfusion ; Placebos ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The Journal of physiology, 2021-02, Vol.599 (4), p.1097-1113</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2020 The Physiological Society</rights><rights>2020 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2020 The Physiological Society.</rights><rights>Journal compilation © 2021 The Physiological Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3840-ec37629d8ceaddc0d168c6e7235300ac7407f725061a5102e4cea78870073a723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3840-ec37629d8ceaddc0d168c6e7235300ac7407f725061a5102e4cea78870073a723</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3924-0717 ; 0000-0003-2636-098X ; 0000-0002-6014-9865 ; 0000-0002-8713-2457 ; 0000-0002-0856-3831 ; 0000-0003-3366-0956</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1113%2FJP280118$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1113%2FJP280118$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33185896$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shoemaker, L. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucas, S. J. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Machado, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, R. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cotter, J. D.</creatorcontrib><title>Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults</title><title>The Journal of physiology</title><addtitle>J Physiol</addtitle><description>Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults. Using a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design, we tested the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using indomethacin [1.2 mg kg–1 oral dose]) would impair cognition in young (n = 13; 25 ± 4 years) and older (n = 12; 58 ± 6 years) healthy adults. CBF and cerebrovascular control were measured using middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAvmean) and its reactivity to hypercapnia (CVRHYPER) and hypocapnia (CVRHYPO), respectively. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized battery including response time tasks. Baseline comparisons revealed that older adults had 14% lower MCAvmean and 15% lower cognitive performance (all P ≤ 0.048), but not lower CVRHYPER/HYPO (P ≥ 0.26). Linear and rank‐based mixed models revealed that indomethacin decreased MCAvmean by 31% (95% confidence interval = –35 to –26), CVRHYPER by 68% [interquartile range (IQR) = –94 to –44] and CVRHYPO by 50% (IQR = –83 to –33) (treatment‐effect; all P < 0.01), regardless of age. Baseline CVRHYPER/HYPO values were strongly associated with their indomethacin‐induced reductions (r = 0.70 to 0.89, P < 0.01). Mental switching performance was impaired 7% (IQR = 0–19) after indomethacin (P = 0.04), but not significantly associated with reductions in MCAvmean (Young: rho = –0.31, P = 0.30; Older: rho = 0.06, P = 0.86). In conclusion, indomethacin reduced MCAvmean and impaired cognition slightly; however, no clear association was evident in younger or older adults. Older adults had poorer cognition and lower MCAvmean, but similar CVRHYPER/HYPO.
Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>ageing</subject><subject>Blood flow</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Cerebral blood flow</subject><subject>Cerebrovascular Circulation</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypercapnia</subject><subject>Hypocapnia</subject><subject>Indomethacin</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Perfusion</subject><subject>Placebos</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0022-3751</issn><issn>1469-7793</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kMFO3DAQQC3UqmyXSnxBZamXHho6Eyexc6xQW0BI5QDnyGvPsqZeZ2s7RTnz45gucOvJI_npzegxdoxwgoji68VVrQBRHbAFNl1fSdmLN2wBUNeVkC0esvcp3QGggL5_xw6FQNWqvluwh_Ngxy3ljTYu8K2Ov8n6ma_8FHLihiKtovZ8R3E9JTcGroPlkbTJ7q_L8xd-7_KGe5ezJ27G2-DKx9MUEv2ZKBjixbsh7fNm5vM4hdt_itFbilzbyed0xN6utU_04fldspsf369Pz6rLXz_PT79dVkaoBioyQnZ1b5Uhba0Bi50yHclatAJAG9mAXMu6hQ51i1BTU0CplASQQhdsyT7tvbs4lttSHu7GKYaycqgb1SN2ssRcss97ysQxpUjrYRddCTMPCMNT7eGldkE_Pgun1ZbsK_iStwAne-DeeZr_KxquL66waSSIR_6giUQ</recordid><startdate>20210201</startdate><enddate>20210201</enddate><creator>Shoemaker, L. N.</creator><creator>Wilson, L. C.</creator><creator>Lucas, S. J. E.</creator><creator>Machado, L.</creator><creator>Walker, R. J.</creator><creator>Cotter, J. D.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-0717</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-098X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-9865</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8713-2457</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-3831</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3366-0956</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210201</creationdate><title>Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults</title><author>Shoemaker, L. N. ; Wilson, L. C. ; Lucas, S. J. E. ; Machado, L. ; Walker, R. J. ; Cotter, J. D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3840-ec37629d8ceaddc0d168c6e7235300ac7407f725061a5102e4cea78870073a723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>ageing</topic><topic>Blood flow</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Cerebral blood flow</topic><topic>Cerebrovascular Circulation</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypercapnia</topic><topic>Hypocapnia</topic><topic>Indomethacin</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Perfusion</topic><topic>Placebos</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shoemaker, L. N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucas, S. J. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Machado, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, R. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cotter, J. D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Journal of physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shoemaker, L. N.</au><au>Wilson, L. C.</au><au>Lucas, S. J. E.</au><au>Machado, L.</au><au>Walker, R. J.</au><au>Cotter, J. D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of physiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Physiol</addtitle><date>2021-02-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>599</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1097</spage><epage>1113</epage><pages>1097-1113</pages><issn>0022-3751</issn><eissn>1469-7793</eissn><abstract>Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults. Using a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design, we tested the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using indomethacin [1.2 mg kg–1 oral dose]) would impair cognition in young (n = 13; 25 ± 4 years) and older (n = 12; 58 ± 6 years) healthy adults. CBF and cerebrovascular control were measured using middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAvmean) and its reactivity to hypercapnia (CVRHYPER) and hypocapnia (CVRHYPO), respectively. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized battery including response time tasks. Baseline comparisons revealed that older adults had 14% lower MCAvmean and 15% lower cognitive performance (all P ≤ 0.048), but not lower CVRHYPER/HYPO (P ≥ 0.26). Linear and rank‐based mixed models revealed that indomethacin decreased MCAvmean by 31% (95% confidence interval = –35 to –26), CVRHYPER by 68% [interquartile range (IQR) = –94 to –44] and CVRHYPO by 50% (IQR = –83 to –33) (treatment‐effect; all P < 0.01), regardless of age. Baseline CVRHYPER/HYPO values were strongly associated with their indomethacin‐induced reductions (r = 0.70 to 0.89, P < 0.01). Mental switching performance was impaired 7% (IQR = 0–19) after indomethacin (P = 0.04), but not significantly associated with reductions in MCAvmean (Young: rho = –0.31, P = 0.30; Older: rho = 0.06, P = 0.86). In conclusion, indomethacin reduced MCAvmean and impaired cognition slightly; however, no clear association was evident in younger or older adults. Older adults had poorer cognition and lower MCAvmean, but similar CVRHYPER/HYPO.
Key points
Cognitive function depends on adequate cerebrovascular perfusion and control. However, it is unknown whether acutely‐reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) impairs cognition in healthy adults.
In the present study, we used a placebo‐controlled, single‐blinded, randomized cross‐over design to test the hypothesis that acutely‐reduced CBF (using a pharmacological aid; indomethacin) would impair cognition in young and older healthy adults.
At baseline, older adults had lower cognitive performance and CBF, but similar cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and dynamic cerebral autoregulation compared to young adults.
In both young and older adults, cognitive performance on a mental switching task was slightly (7%) reduced after indomethacin, but not significantly associated with reductions in CBF (∼31%).
These results indicate that cognitive performance is broadly resilient against a ∼31% reduction in CBF per se in healthy young and older adults.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>33185896</pmid><doi>10.1113/JP280118</doi><tpages>17</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-0717</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-098X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-9865</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8713-2457</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-3831</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3366-0956</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of physiology, 2021-02, Vol.599 (4), p.1097-1113 |
| issn | 0022-3751 1469-7793 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Aged ageing Blood flow Carbon dioxide Cerebral blood flow Cerebrovascular Circulation Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Humans Hypercapnia Hypocapnia Indomethacin Older people Perfusion Placebos Young Adult |
| title | Indomethacin markedly blunts cerebral perfusion and reactivity, with little cognitive consequence in healthy young and older adults |
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