Addition of nitrogen to canopy versus understorey has different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants in a subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has substantial effects on forest ecosystems. The effects of N deposition on understorey plants have been simulated by spraying N on the forest floor. Such understorey addition of N (UAN) might simulate atmospheric N deposition in a biased manner, because it bypas...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of ecology 2021-02, Vol.109 (2), p.692-702 |
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| creator | Tang, Songbo Zhang, Lingling Lambers, Hans Ren, Wendan Lu, Xiaofei Hou, Enqing Fu, Shenglei Kuang, Yuanwen Gilliam, Frank |
| description | Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has substantial effects on forest ecosystems. The effects of N deposition on understorey plants have been simulated by spraying N on the forest floor. Such understorey addition of N (UAN) might simulate atmospheric N deposition in a biased manner, because it bypasses the canopy.
We compared the effects of UAN and canopy addition of N (CAN) at 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha−1 year–1 on SLA, leaf construction costs (CC), concentrations of leaf carbon ([C]), nitrogen ([N]), phosphorus ([P]), minerals ([Mineral]), nitrate ([NO3‐]), lignin ([Lignin]), lipids ([Lipid]), organic acids ([OA]), soluble phenolics ([SP]), total non‐structural carbohydrates ([TNC]) and total structural carbohydrates ([TSC]) in six dominant understorey species in a subtropical evergreen forest after 5 years of N treatments.
We found that leaf CC, [C], [Lignin], [OA], [TNC] and [TSC] were significantly affected by N addition approach and rate, but leaf [P] and [Lipid] were affected by N addition approach and N addition rate respectively; leaf CC, [C], [P], [OA] and [TNC] were significantly lower under UAN than under CAN, but leaf [TSC] and [Lignin] were significantly higher and lower, respectively, under UAN than under CAN at 50 kg N ha−1 year–1; the decline of leaf [C] and [Lignin] contributed to the significantly lower leaf CC under UAN than under CAN.
Synthesis. We show that canopy and understorey N addition exerted significantly different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants. The results indicate that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to UAN from those to atmospheric deposition of N. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the unbiased ecological processes and functions of forest ecosystem responding to atmospheric N deposition via both CAN and UAN experiments over a longer term.
Nitrogen addition approach and rate had negative effects on leaf construction costs (CC) directly and indirectly via influencing leaf traits of understorey plants, indicating canopy and understorey nitrogen addition exerted significantly different effects on understorey plants. The results suggest that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to understorey addition of nitrogen from those to atmospheric deposition of N. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1365-2745.13496 |
| format | Article |
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We compared the effects of UAN and canopy addition of N (CAN) at 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha−1 year–1 on SLA, leaf construction costs (CC), concentrations of leaf carbon ([C]), nitrogen ([N]), phosphorus ([P]), minerals ([Mineral]), nitrate ([NO3‐]), lignin ([Lignin]), lipids ([Lipid]), organic acids ([OA]), soluble phenolics ([SP]), total non‐structural carbohydrates ([TNC]) and total structural carbohydrates ([TSC]) in six dominant understorey species in a subtropical evergreen forest after 5 years of N treatments.
We found that leaf CC, [C], [Lignin], [OA], [TNC] and [TSC] were significantly affected by N addition approach and rate, but leaf [P] and [Lipid] were affected by N addition approach and N addition rate respectively; leaf CC, [C], [P], [OA] and [TNC] were significantly lower under UAN than under CAN, but leaf [TSC] and [Lignin] were significantly higher and lower, respectively, under UAN than under CAN at 50 kg N ha−1 year–1; the decline of leaf [C] and [Lignin] contributed to the significantly lower leaf CC under UAN than under CAN.
Synthesis. We show that canopy and understorey N addition exerted significantly different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants. The results indicate that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to UAN from those to atmospheric deposition of N. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the unbiased ecological processes and functions of forest ecosystem responding to atmospheric N deposition via both CAN and UAN experiments over a longer term.
Nitrogen addition approach and rate had negative effects on leaf construction costs (CC) directly and indirectly via influencing leaf traits of understorey plants, indicating canopy and understorey nitrogen addition exerted significantly different effects on understorey plants. The results suggest that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to understorey addition of nitrogen from those to atmospheric deposition of N.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0477</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2745</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13496</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Atmospheric pollution deposition ; Canopies ; Canopy ; canopy addition of nitrogen ; Carbohydrates ; Coniferous forests ; Construction costs ; defence ; Deposition ; Ecosystem assessment ; Forest ecosystems ; Forest floor ; Forests ; global change ecology ; growth ; leaf construction costs ; leaf functional traits ; Leaves ; Lignin ; Lipids ; Minerals ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen ; Organic acids ; Organic phosphorus ; Phenols ; Phosphorus ; Plants ; Spraying ; Terrestrial ecosystems ; Tropical forests ; understorey addition of nitrogen ; understorey species</subject><ispartof>The Journal of ecology, 2021-02, Vol.109 (2), p.692-702</ispartof><rights>2020 British Ecological Society</rights><rights>Journal of Ecology © 2021 British Ecological Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3566-8c1a2fa33d801a74ba04e8f5c3e5eec2e4c329a8280d23077627f314e07a4d973</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3566-8c1a2fa33d801a74ba04e8f5c3e5eec2e4c329a8280d23077627f314e07a4d973</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0627-9519 ; 0000-0001-9334-8089 ; 0000-0002-4118-2272</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2F1365-2745.13496$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2F1365-2745.13496$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1414,1430,27911,27912,45561,45562,46396,46820</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Gilliam, Frank</contributor><creatorcontrib>Tang, Songbo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lingling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lambers, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ren, Wendan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Xiaofei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hou, Enqing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Shenglei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuang, Yuanwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilliam, Frank</creatorcontrib><title>Addition of nitrogen to canopy versus understorey has different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants in a subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest</title><title>The Journal of ecology</title><description>Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has substantial effects on forest ecosystems. The effects of N deposition on understorey plants have been simulated by spraying N on the forest floor. Such understorey addition of N (UAN) might simulate atmospheric N deposition in a biased manner, because it bypasses the canopy.
We compared the effects of UAN and canopy addition of N (CAN) at 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha−1 year–1 on SLA, leaf construction costs (CC), concentrations of leaf carbon ([C]), nitrogen ([N]), phosphorus ([P]), minerals ([Mineral]), nitrate ([NO3‐]), lignin ([Lignin]), lipids ([Lipid]), organic acids ([OA]), soluble phenolics ([SP]), total non‐structural carbohydrates ([TNC]) and total structural carbohydrates ([TSC]) in six dominant understorey species in a subtropical evergreen forest after 5 years of N treatments.
We found that leaf CC, [C], [Lignin], [OA], [TNC] and [TSC] were significantly affected by N addition approach and rate, but leaf [P] and [Lipid] were affected by N addition approach and N addition rate respectively; leaf CC, [C], [P], [OA] and [TNC] were significantly lower under UAN than under CAN, but leaf [TSC] and [Lignin] were significantly higher and lower, respectively, under UAN than under CAN at 50 kg N ha−1 year–1; the decline of leaf [C] and [Lignin] contributed to the significantly lower leaf CC under UAN than under CAN.
Synthesis. We show that canopy and understorey N addition exerted significantly different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants. The results indicate that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to UAN from those to atmospheric deposition of N. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the unbiased ecological processes and functions of forest ecosystem responding to atmospheric N deposition via both CAN and UAN experiments over a longer term.
Nitrogen addition approach and rate had negative effects on leaf construction costs (CC) directly and indirectly via influencing leaf traits of understorey plants, indicating canopy and understorey nitrogen addition exerted significantly different effects on understorey plants. The results suggest that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to understorey addition of nitrogen from those to atmospheric deposition of N.</description><subject>Atmospheric pollution deposition</subject><subject>Canopies</subject><subject>Canopy</subject><subject>canopy addition of nitrogen</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Coniferous forests</subject><subject>Construction costs</subject><subject>defence</subject><subject>Deposition</subject><subject>Ecosystem assessment</subject><subject>Forest ecosystems</subject><subject>Forest floor</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>global change ecology</subject><subject>growth</subject><subject>leaf construction costs</subject><subject>leaf functional traits</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Organic acids</subject><subject>Organic phosphorus</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Spraying</subject><subject>Terrestrial ecosystems</subject><subject>Tropical forests</subject><subject>understorey addition of nitrogen</subject><subject>understorey species</subject><issn>0022-0477</issn><issn>1365-2745</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkctKBDEQRYMoOD7WbgOuW_PqTs9yGHwiuNF1yCQVzdAmbdKtzM5P8Af8Ob_EjCOCK7NJVXHPvVCF0BElJ7S8U8qbumJS1CeUi2mzhSa_k200IYSxiggpd9FezktCSCNrMkEfM2v94GPA0eHghxQfIOAhYqND7Ff4BVIeMx6DLcUQE6zwo87YeucgQRgwlMIMGReHDrTDQ9J-3bo_TN_pUKY-YI3zuCgxvTe6w1D8HxKUyEWK2n6-vReTF7DYFSwPB2jH6S7D4c-_j-7Pz-7ml9XN7cXVfHZTGV43TdUaqpnTnNuWUC3FQhMBrasNhxrAMBCGs6luWUss40TKhknHqQAitbBTyffR8ca3T_F5LMFqGccUSqRiopVMUsZYUZ1uVCbFnBM41Sf_pNNKUaLWN1Drjav1xtX3DQpRb4hX38HqP7m6PptvuC8Wa40M</recordid><startdate>202102</startdate><enddate>202102</enddate><creator>Tang, Songbo</creator><creator>Zhang, Lingling</creator><creator>Lambers, Hans</creator><creator>Ren, Wendan</creator><creator>Lu, Xiaofei</creator><creator>Hou, Enqing</creator><creator>Fu, Shenglei</creator><creator>Kuang, Yuanwen</creator><creator>Gilliam, Frank</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-9519</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9334-8089</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-2272</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202102</creationdate><title>Addition of nitrogen to canopy versus understorey has different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants in a subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest</title><author>Tang, Songbo ; 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The effects of N deposition on understorey plants have been simulated by spraying N on the forest floor. Such understorey addition of N (UAN) might simulate atmospheric N deposition in a biased manner, because it bypasses the canopy.
We compared the effects of UAN and canopy addition of N (CAN) at 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha−1 year–1 on SLA, leaf construction costs (CC), concentrations of leaf carbon ([C]), nitrogen ([N]), phosphorus ([P]), minerals ([Mineral]), nitrate ([NO3‐]), lignin ([Lignin]), lipids ([Lipid]), organic acids ([OA]), soluble phenolics ([SP]), total non‐structural carbohydrates ([TNC]) and total structural carbohydrates ([TSC]) in six dominant understorey species in a subtropical evergreen forest after 5 years of N treatments.
We found that leaf CC, [C], [Lignin], [OA], [TNC] and [TSC] were significantly affected by N addition approach and rate, but leaf [P] and [Lipid] were affected by N addition approach and N addition rate respectively; leaf CC, [C], [P], [OA] and [TNC] were significantly lower under UAN than under CAN, but leaf [TSC] and [Lignin] were significantly higher and lower, respectively, under UAN than under CAN at 50 kg N ha−1 year–1; the decline of leaf [C] and [Lignin] contributed to the significantly lower leaf CC under UAN than under CAN.
Synthesis. We show that canopy and understorey N addition exerted significantly different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants. The results indicate that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to UAN from those to atmospheric deposition of N. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the unbiased ecological processes and functions of forest ecosystem responding to atmospheric N deposition via both CAN and UAN experiments over a longer term.
Nitrogen addition approach and rate had negative effects on leaf construction costs (CC) directly and indirectly via influencing leaf traits of understorey plants, indicating canopy and understorey nitrogen addition exerted significantly different effects on understorey plants. The results suggest that understorey plants in subtropical forest respond differently to understorey addition of nitrogen from those to atmospheric deposition of N.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/1365-2745.13496</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-9519</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9334-8089</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-2272</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Atmospheric pollution deposition Canopies Canopy canopy addition of nitrogen Carbohydrates Coniferous forests Construction costs defence Deposition Ecosystem assessment Forest ecosystems Forest floor Forests global change ecology growth leaf construction costs leaf functional traits Leaves Lignin Lipids Minerals Nitrates Nitrogen Organic acids Organic phosphorus Phenols Phosphorus Plants Spraying Terrestrial ecosystems Tropical forests understorey addition of nitrogen understorey species |
| title | Addition of nitrogen to canopy versus understorey has different effects on leaf traits of understorey plants in a subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest |
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