Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study
Indigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Denki kagaku oyobi kōgyō butsuri kagaku 2021/01/05, Vol.89(1), pp.25-30 |
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| creator | NAKAGAWA, Kasumi TAKEUCHI, Michiki KIKUCHI, Mayu KIYOFUJI, Suzuna KUGO, Masami SAKAMOTO, Takaiku KANO, Kenji OGAWA, Jun SAKURADANI, Eiji |
| description | Indigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. In order to verify the bioelectrocatalytic reaction, we isolated indigo-reducing bacterium K2-3′ from the fermenting suspension, and the two-way bioelectrocatalysis was successfully restaged in a model system containing K2-3′ and methyl viologen (as a soluble mediator instead of indigo) as well as acetaldehyde at pH 10. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5796/electrochemistry.20-00123 |
| format | Article |
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Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. In order to verify the bioelectrocatalytic reaction, we isolated indigo-reducing bacterium K2-3′ from the fermenting suspension, and the two-way bioelectrocatalysis was successfully restaged in a model system containing K2-3′ and methyl viologen (as a soluble mediator instead of indigo) as well as acetaldehyde at pH 10.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1344-3542</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2186-2451</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.20-00123</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Tokyo: The Electrochemical Society of Japan</publisher><subject>Acetaldehyde ; Bioelectrocatalysis ; Dyes ; Enzymatic activity ; Fermentation ; Indigo ; Indigo Reduction Mechanism ; Mediator ; Methyl viologen ; Microorganisms ; Oxidation ; Reduction ; Voltammetry</subject><ispartof>Electrochemistry, 2021/01/05, Vol.89(1), pp.25-30</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by ECSJ.</rights><rights>2021. 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Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. In order to verify the bioelectrocatalytic reaction, we isolated indigo-reducing bacterium K2-3′ from the fermenting suspension, and the two-way bioelectrocatalysis was successfully restaged in a model system containing K2-3′ and methyl viologen (as a soluble mediator instead of indigo) as well as acetaldehyde at pH 10.</description><subject>Acetaldehyde</subject><subject>Bioelectrocatalysis</subject><subject>Dyes</subject><subject>Enzymatic activity</subject><subject>Fermentation</subject><subject>Indigo</subject><subject>Indigo Reduction Mechanism</subject><subject>Mediator</subject><subject>Methyl viologen</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Voltammetry</subject><issn>1344-3542</issn><issn>2186-2451</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNplUU1PAyEUJEYTG_U_rPG8FVgWFm_GWG1SY-LnkVB4tNt0FwV66L-XtrYHvfDCZGYY3iB0SfCwFpJfwxJMCt7MoWtjCushxSXGhFZHaEBJw0vKanKMBqRirKxqRk_RRYwLnDlYcknlAH0-gZnrPstbU4z72M7mKRZtn3y-2XbmixewK5Na32d0j40gdNAnvYFvitviwy-T7jpIIbu8ppVdn6MTp5cRLn7nGXof3b_dPZaT54fx3e2kNJywVOoczYHkhAjhJJimppwL5ww21gqGsaYSg5hWUGlHDaGaaoldY7FzxBlbnaHxztd6vVBfoe10WCuvW7UFfJgpHfLflqBkXXPHLVRTbZgwpCHThtbCNICFkIJlr6ud11fw3yuISS38KvQ5vqKs4aTO66SZJXcsE3yMAdzhVYLVphb1txZFsdrWkrXPO-0iJj2Dg3If8Z-ykYpsjr3DgZlLCwr66gfXuKO-</recordid><startdate>20210105</startdate><enddate>20210105</enddate><creator>NAKAGAWA, Kasumi</creator><creator>TAKEUCHI, Michiki</creator><creator>KIKUCHI, Mayu</creator><creator>KIYOFUJI, Suzuna</creator><creator>KUGO, Masami</creator><creator>SAKAMOTO, Takaiku</creator><creator>KANO, Kenji</creator><creator>OGAWA, Jun</creator><creator>SAKURADANI, Eiji</creator><general>The Electrochemical Society of Japan</general><general>Japan Science and Technology Agency</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210105</creationdate><title>Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study</title><author>NAKAGAWA, Kasumi ; TAKEUCHI, Michiki ; KIKUCHI, Mayu ; KIYOFUJI, Suzuna ; KUGO, Masami ; SAKAMOTO, Takaiku ; KANO, Kenji ; OGAWA, Jun ; SAKURADANI, Eiji</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c614t-a134fe961177f9ec852667ffc0cdd7400a290e7b3e3af2c12a2a90f8d0ff1fcd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Acetaldehyde</topic><topic>Bioelectrocatalysis</topic><topic>Dyes</topic><topic>Enzymatic activity</topic><topic>Fermentation</topic><topic>Indigo</topic><topic>Indigo Reduction Mechanism</topic><topic>Mediator</topic><topic>Methyl viologen</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Voltammetry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>NAKAGAWA, Kasumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TAKEUCHI, Michiki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIKUCHI, Mayu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIYOFUJI, Suzuna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KUGO, Masami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAKAMOTO, Takaiku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KANO, Kenji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OGAWA, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SAKURADANI, Eiji</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Denki kagaku oyobi kōgyō butsuri kagaku</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>NAKAGAWA, Kasumi</au><au>TAKEUCHI, Michiki</au><au>KIKUCHI, Mayu</au><au>KIYOFUJI, Suzuna</au><au>KUGO, Masami</au><au>SAKAMOTO, Takaiku</au><au>KANO, Kenji</au><au>OGAWA, Jun</au><au>SAKURADANI, Eiji</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study</atitle><jtitle>Denki kagaku oyobi kōgyō butsuri kagaku</jtitle><addtitle>Electrochemistry</addtitle><date>2021-01-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>89</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>30</epage><pages>25-30</pages><issn>1344-3542</issn><eissn>2186-2451</eissn><abstract>Indigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. 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| subjects | Acetaldehyde Bioelectrocatalysis Dyes Enzymatic activity Fermentation Indigo Indigo Reduction Mechanism Mediator Methyl viologen Microorganisms Oxidation Reduction Voltammetry |
| title | Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
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