Comprehensive pulmonary toxicity assessment of cetylpyridinium chloride using A549 cells and Sprague–Dawley rats

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a quaternary ammonium compound and cationic surfactant, is used in personal hygiene products such as toothpaste, mouthwash, and nasal spray. Although public exposure to CPC is frequent, its pulmonary toxicity has yet to be fully characterized. Due to high risks of CPC...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Journal of applied toxicology 2021-03, Vol.41 (3), p.470-482
Hauptverfasser:	Kim, Haewon, Yoo, Jean, Lim, Yeon‐Mi, Kim, Eun‐Ji, Yoon, Byung‐Il, Kim, Pilje, Yu, Seung Do, Eom, Ig‐Chun, Shim, Ilseob
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Alveoli Ammonium Ammonium compounds Biocompatibility Biomarkers Body weight bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Bronchus Cell injury Cetylpyridinium chloride Chlorides Cytokines Cytotoxicity Exposure Hygiene In vivo methods and tests Inflammation Inhalation inhalation toxicity Interleukins intratracheal instillation Kidneys L-Lactate dehydrogenase Lactate dehydrogenase Lactic acid Leukocytes Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) Lungs Mouthwashes Parameter sensitivity Parenchyma Personal hygiene polymorphonuclear leukocyte quaternary ammonium compound Quaternary ammonium salts Respiration Toothpaste Toxicity Trachea Tumor necrosis factor Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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