Deep-bed filters as post-treatment for ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment: impact of design and operation on treatment goals
Ozonation followed by biological post-treatment is an established technology for abatement of organic micropollutants (OMP) from municipal wastewater. Although the necessity of biological post-treatment for oxidation by-product (OBP) removal is widely accepted, there is still discussion about the ap...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science water research & technology 2021-01, Vol.7 (1), p.197-211 |
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| creator | Sauter, Daniel D browska, Agata Bloch, Robert Stapf, Michael Miehe, Ulf Sperlich, Alexander Gnirss, Regina Wintgens, Thomas |
| description | Ozonation followed by biological post-treatment is an established technology for abatement of organic micropollutants (OMP) from municipal wastewater. Although the necessity of biological post-treatment for oxidation by-product (OBP) removal is widely accepted, there is still discussion about the appropriate design and operation. The presented pilot-study investigates the impact of filter material and contact time on the removal efficiency of bulk organics, OMP, and OBP in three different deep-bed filters operated in parallel as post-treatment after ozonation (biological activated carbon (BAC) filter, dual-media filter sand/BAC and dual-media filter sand/anthracite). The use of BAC instead of non-adsorptive filter material resulted in higher removal of DOC and dissolved oxygen which indicates increased biological activity. Moreover, both BAC containing filters showed additional removal for a number of OMP even at high treated bed volumes of >50 000 whereas no removal was observed in the sand/anthracite filter. Analysis of
N
-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several carbonyl compounds revealed a clear formation of these biodegradable OBP during ozonation. A strong correlation was found between carbonyl formation and the specific ozone dose. Removal of OBP in the sand/BAC and the sand/anthracite filter was tested at different empty bed contact times (EBCT). While NDMA was efficiently removed independent of EBCT changes, there was a slightly negative impact of shorter EBCT on the reduction of carbonyl compounds. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the integration of enhanced phosphorus removal into post-treatment is feasible with relatively low efforts by inline coagulant dosing (FeCl
3
) in the filter influent.
The removal of organic contaminants during post-treatment with deep-bed filters after ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment can be optimised by the choice of filter material and contact time. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/d0ew00684j |
| format | Article |
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N
-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several carbonyl compounds revealed a clear formation of these biodegradable OBP during ozonation. A strong correlation was found between carbonyl formation and the specific ozone dose. Removal of OBP in the sand/BAC and the sand/anthracite filter was tested at different empty bed contact times (EBCT). While NDMA was efficiently removed independent of EBCT changes, there was a slightly negative impact of shorter EBCT on the reduction of carbonyl compounds. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the integration of enhanced phosphorus removal into post-treatment is feasible with relatively low efforts by inline coagulant dosing (FeCl
3
) in the filter influent.
The removal of organic contaminants during post-treatment with deep-bed filters after ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment can be optimised by the choice of filter material and contact time.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2053-1400</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2053-1419</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d0ew00684j</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Activated carbon ; Adsorptivity ; Anthracite ; Biodegradability ; Biodegradation ; Biological activity ; Carbonyl compounds ; Carbonyls ; Coagulants ; Contact ; Dissolved organic carbon ; Dissolved oxygen ; Ferric chloride ; Filters ; Influents ; Iron chlorides ; Municipal wastewater ; N-Nitrosodimethylamine ; Oxidation ; Ozonation ; Ozone ; Ozonization ; Phosphorus ; Phosphorus removal ; Removal ; Sand ; Tertiary ; Wastewater treatment</subject><ispartof>Environmental science water research & technology, 2021-01, Vol.7 (1), p.197-211</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c317t-1fd8f509d2cca5dd1dc9a95d02e451f9233d48c83f95731188872473b823005e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c317t-1fd8f509d2cca5dd1dc9a95d02e451f9233d48c83f95731188872473b823005e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6160-3636 ; 0000-0001-5329-9948</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sauter, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D browska, Agata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloch, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stapf, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miehe, Ulf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sperlich, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gnirss, Regina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wintgens, Thomas</creatorcontrib><title>Deep-bed filters as post-treatment for ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment: impact of design and operation on treatment goals</title><title>Environmental science water research & technology</title><description>Ozonation followed by biological post-treatment is an established technology for abatement of organic micropollutants (OMP) from municipal wastewater. Although the necessity of biological post-treatment for oxidation by-product (OBP) removal is widely accepted, there is still discussion about the appropriate design and operation. The presented pilot-study investigates the impact of filter material and contact time on the removal efficiency of bulk organics, OMP, and OBP in three different deep-bed filters operated in parallel as post-treatment after ozonation (biological activated carbon (BAC) filter, dual-media filter sand/BAC and dual-media filter sand/anthracite). The use of BAC instead of non-adsorptive filter material resulted in higher removal of DOC and dissolved oxygen which indicates increased biological activity. Moreover, both BAC containing filters showed additional removal for a number of OMP even at high treated bed volumes of >50 000 whereas no removal was observed in the sand/anthracite filter. Analysis of
N
-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several carbonyl compounds revealed a clear formation of these biodegradable OBP during ozonation. A strong correlation was found between carbonyl formation and the specific ozone dose. Removal of OBP in the sand/BAC and the sand/anthracite filter was tested at different empty bed contact times (EBCT). While NDMA was efficiently removed independent of EBCT changes, there was a slightly negative impact of shorter EBCT on the reduction of carbonyl compounds. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the integration of enhanced phosphorus removal into post-treatment is feasible with relatively low efforts by inline coagulant dosing (FeCl
3
) in the filter influent.
The removal of organic contaminants during post-treatment with deep-bed filters after ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment can be optimised by the choice of filter material and contact time.</description><subject>Activated carbon</subject><subject>Adsorptivity</subject><subject>Anthracite</subject><subject>Biodegradability</subject><subject>Biodegradation</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>Carbonyl compounds</subject><subject>Carbonyls</subject><subject>Coagulants</subject><subject>Contact</subject><subject>Dissolved organic carbon</subject><subject>Dissolved oxygen</subject><subject>Ferric chloride</subject><subject>Filters</subject><subject>Influents</subject><subject>Iron chlorides</subject><subject>Municipal wastewater</subject><subject>N-Nitrosodimethylamine</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Ozonation</subject><subject>Ozone</subject><subject>Ozonization</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Phosphorus removal</subject><subject>Removal</subject><subject>Sand</subject><subject>Tertiary</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><issn>2053-1400</issn><issn>2053-1419</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpFkU1LAzEQhoMoWGov3oWAN2F1stl0N96krV8UvCgelzQfJaVN1iSl6I_wNxtdaWFgBuaZ92VmEDoncE2A8hsFegcwbqrVERqUwGhBKsKP9zXAKRrFuAIAMqa5RQfoe6p1Vyy0wsaukw4Ri4g7H1ORghZpo13Cxgfsv7wTyXqHrcOZS1aET7zZOittJ9Z4J2LSO5E7eD94i-2mEzJhb7DS0S4dFk5h3-nQS-U4uCy9WMczdGJy0qP_PERv97PXyWMxf3l4mtzNC0lJnQpiVGMYcFVKKZhSREkuOFNQ6ooRw0tKVdXIhhrOakpI0zR1WdV00ZQUgGk6RJe9bhf8x1bH1K78Nrhs2WaOMV7WHDJ11VMy-BiDNm0X7CYv3hJof0_eTmH2_nfy5wxf9HCIcs8dXkJ_ACwmf9U</recordid><startdate>20210101</startdate><enddate>20210101</enddate><creator>Sauter, Daniel</creator><creator>D browska, Agata</creator><creator>Bloch, Robert</creator><creator>Stapf, Michael</creator><creator>Miehe, Ulf</creator><creator>Sperlich, Alexander</creator><creator>Gnirss, Regina</creator><creator>Wintgens, Thomas</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6160-3636</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-9948</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210101</creationdate><title>Deep-bed filters as post-treatment for ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment: impact of design and operation on treatment goals</title><author>Sauter, Daniel ; D browska, Agata ; Bloch, Robert ; Stapf, Michael ; Miehe, Ulf ; Sperlich, Alexander ; Gnirss, Regina ; Wintgens, Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c317t-1fd8f509d2cca5dd1dc9a95d02e451f9233d48c83f95731188872473b823005e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Activated carbon</topic><topic>Adsorptivity</topic><topic>Anthracite</topic><topic>Biodegradability</topic><topic>Biodegradation</topic><topic>Biological activity</topic><topic>Carbonyl compounds</topic><topic>Carbonyls</topic><topic>Coagulants</topic><topic>Contact</topic><topic>Dissolved organic carbon</topic><topic>Dissolved oxygen</topic><topic>Ferric chloride</topic><topic>Filters</topic><topic>Influents</topic><topic>Iron chlorides</topic><topic>Municipal wastewater</topic><topic>N-Nitrosodimethylamine</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Ozonation</topic><topic>Ozone</topic><topic>Ozonization</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Phosphorus removal</topic><topic>Removal</topic><topic>Sand</topic><topic>Tertiary</topic><topic>Wastewater treatment</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sauter, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D browska, Agata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloch, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stapf, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miehe, Ulf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sperlich, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gnirss, Regina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wintgens, Thomas</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental science water research & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sauter, Daniel</au><au>D browska, Agata</au><au>Bloch, Robert</au><au>Stapf, Michael</au><au>Miehe, Ulf</au><au>Sperlich, Alexander</au><au>Gnirss, Regina</au><au>Wintgens, Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Deep-bed filters as post-treatment for ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment: impact of design and operation on treatment goals</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science water research & technology</jtitle><date>2021-01-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>197</spage><epage>211</epage><pages>197-211</pages><issn>2053-1400</issn><eissn>2053-1419</eissn><abstract>Ozonation followed by biological post-treatment is an established technology for abatement of organic micropollutants (OMP) from municipal wastewater. Although the necessity of biological post-treatment for oxidation by-product (OBP) removal is widely accepted, there is still discussion about the appropriate design and operation. The presented pilot-study investigates the impact of filter material and contact time on the removal efficiency of bulk organics, OMP, and OBP in three different deep-bed filters operated in parallel as post-treatment after ozonation (biological activated carbon (BAC) filter, dual-media filter sand/BAC and dual-media filter sand/anthracite). The use of BAC instead of non-adsorptive filter material resulted in higher removal of DOC and dissolved oxygen which indicates increased biological activity. Moreover, both BAC containing filters showed additional removal for a number of OMP even at high treated bed volumes of >50 000 whereas no removal was observed in the sand/anthracite filter. Analysis of
N
-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several carbonyl compounds revealed a clear formation of these biodegradable OBP during ozonation. A strong correlation was found between carbonyl formation and the specific ozone dose. Removal of OBP in the sand/BAC and the sand/anthracite filter was tested at different empty bed contact times (EBCT). While NDMA was efficiently removed independent of EBCT changes, there was a slightly negative impact of shorter EBCT on the reduction of carbonyl compounds. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the integration of enhanced phosphorus removal into post-treatment is feasible with relatively low efforts by inline coagulant dosing (FeCl
3
) in the filter influent.
The removal of organic contaminants during post-treatment with deep-bed filters after ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment can be optimised by the choice of filter material and contact time.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><doi>10.1039/d0ew00684j</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6160-3636</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-9948</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2053-1400 |
| ispartof | Environmental science water research & technology, 2021-01, Vol.7 (1), p.197-211 |
| issn | 2053-1400 2053-1419 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals 2008- |
| subjects | Activated carbon Adsorptivity Anthracite Biodegradability Biodegradation Biological activity Carbonyl compounds Carbonyls Coagulants Contact Dissolved organic carbon Dissolved oxygen Ferric chloride Filters Influents Iron chlorides Municipal wastewater N-Nitrosodimethylamine Oxidation Ozonation Ozone Ozonization Phosphorus Phosphorus removal Removal Sand Tertiary Wastewater treatment |
| title | Deep-bed filters as post-treatment for ozonation in tertiary municipal wastewater treatment: impact of design and operation on treatment goals |
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