Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae)
Three species of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) were examined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain elemental profiles of their exoskeletons and determine the presence of trace elements. The scutum, tarsal claws, chelicerae, and hypostome were examined on femal...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of parasitology 2020-11, Vol.106 (6), p.742-754 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 754 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | 742 |
| container_title | The Journal of parasitology |
| container_volume | 106 |
| creator | Cote, Jessica Ada, Earl Hochberg, Rick |
| description | Three species of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) were examined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain elemental profiles of their exoskeletons and determine the presence of trace elements. The scutum, tarsal claws, chelicerae, and hypostome were examined on females and males of Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. The only trace elements present included chlorine, calcium, and sodium. Chlorine was the most abundant trace element and occurred in all examined regions. The chelicerae generally possessed the highest weight percentages of Cl (up to 11.32 ± 1.36%) across all 3 species, although high weight percentages of Cl (up to 8.78 ± 2.77%) were also present in the hypostome teeth of most specimens. All 3 trace elements were present in the hypostome of A. americanum and I. scapularis, but Ca and Na appear to be absent from the teeth of D. variabilis. In general, there were few differences in the elemental profiles of the exoskeletons between the sexes of any species. This study confirms the presence of alkali metals (Na) and alkaline earth metals (Ca) in adult ticks, which are also common in other arachnids; however, the absence of transition metals such as zinc from the exoskeletons of ticks is uncommon and only shared with species of Ricinulei and Opiliones. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1645/20-95 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2474916825</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>27181640</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>27181640</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-b355t-39b175645c8380abb4e8d67ad04dcec840b46ca4f179e9e38bc7e499cf8996363</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kE9Lw0AQxRdRbK39CMqCCHqI7t9k11spUQsFD1avIdlMSNo0W3dTqN_ehNZ68jDMDPPjvccgNKbkgYZCPjISaHmChlTzKGBcyFM0JISxgHMtB-jC-yUhRHZ1jgaccxZKFQ7RZ1zDGpo2rXHcuMqU_YJtgdsScLyzfgU1tLbBVYMXpQPA7xswFfieWVRmhe8mLjVlU-XpE57tbN4NcH-Jzoq09jA-9BH6eI4X09dg_vYym07mQcalbAOuMxrJLr5RXJE0ywSoPIzSnIjcgFGCZCI0qShopEEDV5mJQGhtCqV1yEM-Qjd73Y2zX1vwbbK0W9d0lgkTkdA0VEx21O2eMs5676BINq5ap-47oSTpv5cwkuieuz6obbM15Efq910dcLUHlr617nhnEVWdDPmLk1XWNvCPzQ_yk3xe</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2474916825</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae)</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>JSTOR</source><creator>Cote, Jessica ; Ada, Earl ; Hochberg, Rick</creator><creatorcontrib>Cote, Jessica ; Ada, Earl ; Hochberg, Rick</creatorcontrib><description>Three species of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) were examined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain elemental profiles of their exoskeletons and determine the presence of trace elements. The scutum, tarsal claws, chelicerae, and hypostome were examined on females and males of Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. The only trace elements present included chlorine, calcium, and sodium. Chlorine was the most abundant trace element and occurred in all examined regions. The chelicerae generally possessed the highest weight percentages of Cl (up to 11.32 ± 1.36%) across all 3 species, although high weight percentages of Cl (up to 8.78 ± 2.77%) were also present in the hypostome teeth of most specimens. All 3 trace elements were present in the hypostome of A. americanum and I. scapularis, but Ca and Na appear to be absent from the teeth of D. variabilis. In general, there were few differences in the elemental profiles of the exoskeletons between the sexes of any species. This study confirms the presence of alkali metals (Na) and alkaline earth metals (Ca) in adult ticks, which are also common in other arachnids; however, the absence of transition metals such as zinc from the exoskeletons of ticks is uncommon and only shared with species of Ricinulei and Opiliones.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3395</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-2345</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1645/20-95</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33326586</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society of Parasitologists</publisher><subject>Amblyomma americanum ; Animal Shells - chemistry ; Animal Shells - ultrastructure ; Animals ; Appendages ; Arachnida ; Arachnids ; Calcium - analysis ; Chelicerae ; Chlorine - analysis ; Cuticle ; Dermacentor variabilis ; Desiccation ; Electron Microscopy ; Exoskeleton ; Exoskeletons ; Female ; Health care facilities ; Ixodes scapularis ; Ixodidae ; Ixodidae - anatomy & histology ; Ixodidae - chemistry ; Ixodidae - ultrastructure ; Male ; Massachusetts ; Metals ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Missouri ; New Hampshire ; Overwintering ; Pets ; Phylogenetics ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Sodium - analysis ; Species ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Ticks ; Trace elements ; Trace Elements - analysis ; Trace Elements - chemistry ; Tularemia ; Veterinary services ; X-ray spectroscopy</subject><ispartof>The Journal of parasitology, 2020-11, Vol.106 (6), p.742-754</ispartof><rights>American Society of Parasitologists 2020</rights><rights>American Society of Parasitologists 2020.</rights><rights>Copyright Allen Press Publishing Services Dec 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b355t-39b175645c8380abb4e8d67ad04dcec840b46ca4f179e9e38bc7e499cf8996363</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b355t-39b175645c8380abb4e8d67ad04dcec840b46ca4f179e9e38bc7e499cf8996363</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27181640$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/27181640$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33326586$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cote, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ada, Earl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hochberg, Rick</creatorcontrib><title>Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae)</title><title>The Journal of parasitology</title><addtitle>J Parasitol</addtitle><description>Three species of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) were examined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain elemental profiles of their exoskeletons and determine the presence of trace elements. The scutum, tarsal claws, chelicerae, and hypostome were examined on females and males of Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. The only trace elements present included chlorine, calcium, and sodium. Chlorine was the most abundant trace element and occurred in all examined regions. The chelicerae generally possessed the highest weight percentages of Cl (up to 11.32 ± 1.36%) across all 3 species, although high weight percentages of Cl (up to 8.78 ± 2.77%) were also present in the hypostome teeth of most specimens. All 3 trace elements were present in the hypostome of A. americanum and I. scapularis, but Ca and Na appear to be absent from the teeth of D. variabilis. In general, there were few differences in the elemental profiles of the exoskeletons between the sexes of any species. This study confirms the presence of alkali metals (Na) and alkaline earth metals (Ca) in adult ticks, which are also common in other arachnids; however, the absence of transition metals such as zinc from the exoskeletons of ticks is uncommon and only shared with species of Ricinulei and Opiliones.</description><subject>Amblyomma americanum</subject><subject>Animal Shells - chemistry</subject><subject>Animal Shells - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Appendages</subject><subject>Arachnida</subject><subject>Arachnids</subject><subject>Calcium - analysis</subject><subject>Chelicerae</subject><subject>Chlorine - analysis</subject><subject>Cuticle</subject><subject>Dermacentor variabilis</subject><subject>Desiccation</subject><subject>Electron Microscopy</subject><subject>Exoskeleton</subject><subject>Exoskeletons</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health care facilities</subject><subject>Ixodes scapularis</subject><subject>Ixodidae</subject><subject>Ixodidae - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Ixodidae - chemistry</subject><subject>Ixodidae - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Massachusetts</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</subject><subject>Missouri</subject><subject>New Hampshire</subject><subject>Overwintering</subject><subject>Pets</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Sodium - analysis</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission</subject><subject>Ticks</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Trace Elements - analysis</subject><subject>Trace Elements - chemistry</subject><subject>Tularemia</subject><subject>Veterinary services</subject><subject>X-ray spectroscopy</subject><issn>0022-3395</issn><issn>1937-2345</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9Lw0AQxRdRbK39CMqCCHqI7t9k11spUQsFD1avIdlMSNo0W3dTqN_ehNZ68jDMDPPjvccgNKbkgYZCPjISaHmChlTzKGBcyFM0JISxgHMtB-jC-yUhRHZ1jgaccxZKFQ7RZ1zDGpo2rXHcuMqU_YJtgdsScLyzfgU1tLbBVYMXpQPA7xswFfieWVRmhe8mLjVlU-XpE57tbN4NcH-Jzoq09jA-9BH6eI4X09dg_vYym07mQcalbAOuMxrJLr5RXJE0ywSoPIzSnIjcgFGCZCI0qShopEEDV5mJQGhtCqV1yEM-Qjd73Y2zX1vwbbK0W9d0lgkTkdA0VEx21O2eMs5676BINq5ap-47oSTpv5cwkuieuz6obbM15Efq910dcLUHlr617nhnEVWdDPmLk1XWNvCPzQ_yk3xe</recordid><startdate>20201112</startdate><enddate>20201112</enddate><creator>Cote, Jessica</creator><creator>Ada, Earl</creator><creator>Hochberg, Rick</creator><general>American Society of Parasitologists</general><general>Allen Press Publishing</general><general>Allen Press Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20201112</creationdate><title>Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae)</title><author>Cote, Jessica ; Ada, Earl ; Hochberg, Rick</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b355t-39b175645c8380abb4e8d67ad04dcec840b46ca4f179e9e38bc7e499cf8996363</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amblyomma americanum</topic><topic>Animal Shells - chemistry</topic><topic>Animal Shells - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Appendages</topic><topic>Arachnida</topic><topic>Arachnids</topic><topic>Calcium - analysis</topic><topic>Chelicerae</topic><topic>Chlorine - analysis</topic><topic>Cuticle</topic><topic>Dermacentor variabilis</topic><topic>Desiccation</topic><topic>Electron Microscopy</topic><topic>Exoskeleton</topic><topic>Exoskeletons</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health care facilities</topic><topic>Ixodes scapularis</topic><topic>Ixodidae</topic><topic>Ixodidae - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Ixodidae - chemistry</topic><topic>Ixodidae - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Massachusetts</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</topic><topic>Missouri</topic><topic>New Hampshire</topic><topic>Overwintering</topic><topic>Pets</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Sodium - analysis</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission</topic><topic>Ticks</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><topic>Trace Elements - analysis</topic><topic>Trace Elements - chemistry</topic><topic>Tularemia</topic><topic>Veterinary services</topic><topic>X-ray spectroscopy</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cote, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ada, Earl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hochberg, Rick</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Journal of parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cote, Jessica</au><au>Ada, Earl</au><au>Hochberg, Rick</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae)</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>J Parasitol</addtitle><date>2020-11-12</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>106</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>742</spage><epage>754</epage><pages>742-754</pages><issn>0022-3395</issn><eissn>1937-2345</eissn><abstract>Three species of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) were examined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain elemental profiles of their exoskeletons and determine the presence of trace elements. The scutum, tarsal claws, chelicerae, and hypostome were examined on females and males of Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. The only trace elements present included chlorine, calcium, and sodium. Chlorine was the most abundant trace element and occurred in all examined regions. The chelicerae generally possessed the highest weight percentages of Cl (up to 11.32 ± 1.36%) across all 3 species, although high weight percentages of Cl (up to 8.78 ± 2.77%) were also present in the hypostome teeth of most specimens. All 3 trace elements were present in the hypostome of A. americanum and I. scapularis, but Ca and Na appear to be absent from the teeth of D. variabilis. In general, there were few differences in the elemental profiles of the exoskeletons between the sexes of any species. This study confirms the presence of alkali metals (Na) and alkaline earth metals (Ca) in adult ticks, which are also common in other arachnids; however, the absence of transition metals such as zinc from the exoskeletons of ticks is uncommon and only shared with species of Ricinulei and Opiliones.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society of Parasitologists</pub><pmid>33326586</pmid><doi>10.1645/20-95</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0022-3395 |
| ispartof | The Journal of parasitology, 2020-11, Vol.106 (6), p.742-754 |
| issn | 0022-3395 1937-2345 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2474916825 |
| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR |
| subjects | Amblyomma americanum Animal Shells - chemistry Animal Shells - ultrastructure Animals Appendages Arachnida Arachnids Calcium - analysis Chelicerae Chlorine - analysis Cuticle Dermacentor variabilis Desiccation Electron Microscopy Exoskeleton Exoskeletons Female Health care facilities Ixodes scapularis Ixodidae Ixodidae - anatomy & histology Ixodidae - chemistry Ixodidae - ultrastructure Male Massachusetts Metals Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Missouri New Hampshire Overwintering Pets Phylogenetics Scanning electron microscopy Sodium - analysis Species Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission Ticks Trace elements Trace Elements - analysis Trace Elements - chemistry Tularemia Veterinary services X-ray spectroscopy |
| title | Elemental Enrichment of the Exoskeleton in Three Species of Tick (Arachnida: Ixodidae) |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-28T08%3A33%3A05IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elemental%20Enrichment%20of%20the%20Exoskeleton%20in%20Three%20Species%20of%20Tick%20(Arachnida:%20Ixodidae)&rft.jtitle=The%20Journal%20of%20parasitology&rft.au=Cote,%20Jessica&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=742&rft.epage=754&rft.pages=742-754&rft.issn=0022-3395&rft.eissn=1937-2345&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645/20-95&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E27181640%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2474916825&rft_id=info:pmid/33326586&rft_jstor_id=27181640&rfr_iscdi=true |