Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil

Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-12, Vol.27 (35), p.44528-44539
Hauptverfasser: Afzal, Muhammad Junaid, Khan, Muhammad Imran, Cheema, Sardar Alam, Hussain, Saddam, Anwar-ul-Haq, Muhammad, Ali, Muhammad Hayder, Naveed, Muhammad
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container_end_page 44539
container_issue 35
container_start_page 44528
container_title Environmental science and pollution research international
container_volume 27
creator Afzal, Muhammad Junaid
Khan, Muhammad Imran
Cheema, Sardar Alam
Hussain, Saddam
Anwar-ul-Haq, Muhammad
Ali, Muhammad Hayder
Naveed, Muhammad
description Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg −1 dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots. Bacillus sp. MN-54 treated and untreated maize (DK-6714) seeds were planted in pots. Recommended doses of nutrients (N and K) were applied in each pot while P was applied in selective pots. Results showed that Pb stress hampered the maize growth and physiological attributes in a concentration-dependent manner, and significant reductions in seedling emergence, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf area, chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance were recorded compared with control. Application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 or P particularly in combination significantly reduced the toxic effects of Pb on maize. At higher Pb level (500 mg kg −1 ), the combined application effectively reduced Pb uptake up to 42.4% and 50% by shoots, 30.8% and 33.9% by roots, and 18.4% and 26.2% in available Pb content in soil after 45 days and 90 days, respectively compared with that of control. Moreover, the use of Bacillus sp. MN-54 significantly improved the P uptake by maize plants by 44.4% as compared with that of control. Our findings suggest that the combined use of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and P could be effective and helpful in improving plant growth and Pb immobilization in Pb-contaminated soil.
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MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><date>2020-12-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>35</issue><spage>44528</spage><epage>44539</epage><pages>44528-44539</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg −1 dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots. Bacillus sp. 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source SpringerNature Journals
subjects Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bacillus
Bioaccumulation
Chlorophyll
Conductance
Contaminants
Corn
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Food chains
Immobilization
Lead
Leaf area
Nutrients
Phosphorus
Photosynthesis
Physiology
Plant growth
Plant tissues
Research Article
Resistance
Seedlings
Seeds
Shoots
Soil contamination
Soil pollution
Soils
Stomata
Stomatal conductance
Toxicity
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
title Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil
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