Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil
Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize...
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description | Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg
−1
dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots.
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 treated and untreated maize (DK-6714) seeds were planted in pots. Recommended doses of nutrients (N and K) were applied in each pot while P was applied in selective pots. Results showed that Pb stress hampered the maize growth and physiological attributes in a concentration-dependent manner, and significant reductions in seedling emergence, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf area, chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance were recorded compared with control. Application of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 or P particularly in combination significantly reduced the toxic effects of Pb on maize. At higher Pb level (500 mg kg
−1
), the combined application effectively reduced Pb uptake up to 42.4% and 50% by shoots, 30.8% and 33.9% by roots, and 18.4% and 26.2% in available Pb content in soil after 45 days and 90 days, respectively compared with that of control. Moreover, the use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 significantly improved the P uptake by maize plants by 44.4% as compared with that of control. Our findings suggest that the combined use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and P could be effective and helpful in improving plant growth and Pb immobilization in Pb-contaminated soil. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-020-10372-4 |
format | Article |
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Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg
−1
dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots.
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 treated and untreated maize (DK-6714) seeds were planted in pots. Recommended doses of nutrients (N and K) were applied in each pot while P was applied in selective pots. Results showed that Pb stress hampered the maize growth and physiological attributes in a concentration-dependent manner, and significant reductions in seedling emergence, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf area, chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance were recorded compared with control. Application of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 or P particularly in combination significantly reduced the toxic effects of Pb on maize. At higher Pb level (500 mg kg
−1
), the combined application effectively reduced Pb uptake up to 42.4% and 50% by shoots, 30.8% and 33.9% by roots, and 18.4% and 26.2% in available Pb content in soil after 45 days and 90 days, respectively compared with that of control. Moreover, the use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 significantly improved the P uptake by maize plants by 44.4% as compared with that of control. Our findings suggest that the combined use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and P could be effective and helpful in improving plant growth and Pb immobilization in Pb-contaminated soil.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10372-4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Bacillus ; Bioaccumulation ; Chlorophyll ; Conductance ; Contaminants ; Corn ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Food chains ; Immobilization ; Lead ; Leaf area ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Photosynthesis ; Physiology ; Plant growth ; Plant tissues ; Research Article ; Resistance ; Seedlings ; Seeds ; Shoots ; Soil contamination ; Soil pollution ; Soils ; Stomata ; Stomatal conductance ; Toxicity ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2020-12, Vol.27 (35), p.44528-44539</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-aa299bda31a743be73f0a3fb676eeff1b95d93e35a77a93a830cd14d8fceffed3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-aa299bda31a743be73f0a3fb676eeff1b95d93e35a77a93a830cd14d8fceffed3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3822-6916</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-020-10372-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-020-10372-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27926,27927,41490,42559,51321</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Afzal, Muhammad Junaid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Muhammad Imran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheema, Sardar Alam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Saddam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anwar-ul-Haq, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Muhammad Hayder</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naveed, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><title>Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><description>Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg
−1
dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots.
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 treated and untreated maize (DK-6714) seeds were planted in pots. Recommended doses of nutrients (N and K) were applied in each pot while P was applied in selective pots. Results showed that Pb stress hampered the maize growth and physiological attributes in a concentration-dependent manner, and significant reductions in seedling emergence, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf area, chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance were recorded compared with control. Application of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 or P particularly in combination significantly reduced the toxic effects of Pb on maize. At higher Pb level (500 mg kg
−1
), the combined application effectively reduced Pb uptake up to 42.4% and 50% by shoots, 30.8% and 33.9% by roots, and 18.4% and 26.2% in available Pb content in soil after 45 days and 90 days, respectively compared with that of control. Moreover, the use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 significantly improved the P uptake by maize plants by 44.4% as compared with that of control. Our findings suggest that the combined use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and P could be effective and helpful in improving plant growth and Pb immobilization in Pb-contaminated soil.</description><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Bacillus</subject><subject>Bioaccumulation</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Conductance</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Food chains</subject><subject>Immobilization</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Leaf area</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant tissues</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Resistance</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Shoots</subject><subject>Soil contamination</subject><subject>Soil pollution</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Stomata</subject><subject>Stomatal conductance</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1OwzAQhS0EEqVwAVaWWBvs2InrJVT8SQU2sLYmsdO6JHGwE1A5AcfGtEjsWIxGmve9mdFD6JTRc0apvIiM8bwgNKOEUS4zIvbQhBVMECmU2kcTqoQgjAtxiI5iXNNEqkxO0Nfct6XrrMHQ942rYHC-w77GV1C5phkjjv05fngkucDQGdyvfEwVkuDaPvj35FwG_zGstnKwZqzSqLFg8NgP8GpxucEtuE-LXYeHld1qpPLdAK3rYEh09K45Rgc1NNGe_PYperm5fp7fkcXT7f38ckEqPlMDAciUKg1wBlLw0kpeU-B1WcjC2rpmpcqN4pbnICUoDjNOK8OEmdVVkq3hU3S225uefxttHPTaj6FLJ3UmJOfZTBQsUdmOqoKPMdha98G1EDaaUf2TuN4lrlOOepu4FsnEd6aY4G5pw9_qf1zfjxmGMQ</recordid><startdate>20201201</startdate><enddate>20201201</enddate><creator>Afzal, Muhammad Junaid</creator><creator>Khan, Muhammad Imran</creator><creator>Cheema, Sardar Alam</creator><creator>Hussain, Saddam</creator><creator>Anwar-ul-Haq, Muhammad</creator><creator>Ali, Muhammad Hayder</creator><creator>Naveed, Muhammad</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3822-6916</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201201</creationdate><title>Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil</title><author>Afzal, Muhammad Junaid ; Khan, Muhammad Imran ; Cheema, Sardar Alam ; Hussain, Saddam ; Anwar-ul-Haq, Muhammad ; Ali, Muhammad Hayder ; Naveed, Muhammad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-aa299bda31a743be73f0a3fb676eeff1b95d93e35a77a93a830cd14d8fceffed3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Bacillus</topic><topic>Bioaccumulation</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Conductance</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Corn</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Food chains</topic><topic>Immobilization</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Leaf area</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant tissues</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Resistance</topic><topic>Seedlings</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>Shoots</topic><topic>Soil contamination</topic><topic>Soil pollution</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Stomata</topic><topic>Stomatal conductance</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Afzal, Muhammad Junaid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Muhammad Imran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheema, Sardar Alam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Saddam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anwar-ul-Haq, 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MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><date>2020-12-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>35</issue><spage>44528</spage><epage>44539</epage><pages>44528-44539</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Lead (Pb) is considered an important environmental contaminant due to its considerable toxicity to living organisms. It can enter and accumulate in plant tissues and become part of the food chain. In the present study, individual and combined effects of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and phosphorus (P) on maize growth and physiology were evaluated in Pb-contaminated soil. A pristine soil was artificially contaminated with two levels of Pb (i.e., 250 and 500 mg kg
−1
dry soil) and was transferred to plastic pots.
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 treated and untreated maize (DK-6714) seeds were planted in pots. Recommended doses of nutrients (N and K) were applied in each pot while P was applied in selective pots. Results showed that Pb stress hampered the maize growth and physiological attributes in a concentration-dependent manner, and significant reductions in seedling emergence, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf area, chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance were recorded compared with control. Application of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 or P particularly in combination significantly reduced the toxic effects of Pb on maize. At higher Pb level (500 mg kg
−1
), the combined application effectively reduced Pb uptake up to 42.4% and 50% by shoots, 30.8% and 33.9% by roots, and 18.4% and 26.2% in available Pb content in soil after 45 days and 90 days, respectively compared with that of control. Moreover, the use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 significantly improved the P uptake by maize plants by 44.4% as compared with that of control. Our findings suggest that the combined use of
Bacillus
sp. MN-54 and P could be effective and helpful in improving plant growth and Pb immobilization in Pb-contaminated soil.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s11356-020-10372-4</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3822-6916</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bacillus Bioaccumulation Chlorophyll Conductance Contaminants Corn Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Food chains Immobilization Lead Leaf area Nutrients Phosphorus Photosynthesis Physiology Plant growth Plant tissues Research Article Resistance Seedlings Seeds Shoots Soil contamination Soil pollution Soils Stomata Stomatal conductance Toxicity Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
title | Combined application of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and phosphorus improved growth and reduced lead uptake by maize in the lead-contaminated soil |
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