A New Early Diagnostic Approach of Sepsis in Newborns with Respiratory Distress Syndrome at the Intensive Care Unit

Risk factors for premature birth: having a previous premature birth, vaginal bleeding caused by placental abruption or placenta preavia, multiple gestations, an interval of less than six months between pregnancies, polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, maternal medical disorders: thyroid disease, asthma diabetes, and hypertension, conceiving through in vitro fertilization; some infections, particularly of the amniotic fluid and lower genital tract, underweight or overweight before pregnancy, stressful life events, such as the death of a loved one or domestic violence [2,3]. Differential Diagnosis for an infant with respiratory distress and/or cyanosis are: transient tachypnoea of newborn, pneumothorax, aspiration of blood/mucus, meconium aspiration, congenital pneumonia, pulmonary hypoplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, hydrops fetalis, congenital malformation, cystadenomatoid, malformation, congenital heart disease etc. Sepsis is defined as systemic inflammatory response syndrome, SIRS, in the presence of, or as a result of proven or suspected infection, and it is leading cause of death in preterm newborns with RDS [16,17]. Rapid elevation in the concentration of procalcitoninPCT is a promising indicator of sepsis in newly admitted critically ill newborns capable of complementing clinical signs and routine laboratory parameters, makes it an ideal biochemistry markerfor bacterial infection [22].