Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution
Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFA...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2020-11, Vol.54 (22), p.14182-14191 |
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| creator | Lin, Huiju Taniyasu, Sachi Yamazaki, Eriko Wei, Si Wang, Xinhong Gai, Nan Kim, Jin Hyo Eun, Heesoo Lam, Paul K. S Yamashita, Nobuyoshi |
| description | Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFAS. Of the 34 investigated PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were the major compounds. In particular, the emerging PFAS, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, was quantified in the PM for the first time, with concentrations ranging from |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.est.0c03387 |
| format | Article |
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S ; Yamashita, Nobuyoshi</creator><creatorcontrib>Lin, Huiju ; Taniyasu, Sachi ; Yamazaki, Eriko ; Wei, Si ; Wang, Xinhong ; Gai, Nan ; Kim, Jin Hyo ; Eun, Heesoo ; Lam, Paul K. S ; Yamashita, Nobuyoshi</creatorcontrib><description>Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFAS. Of the 34 investigated PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were the major compounds. In particular, the emerging PFAS, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, was quantified in the PM for the first time, with concentrations ranging from <0.086 to 21.5 pg/m3. Spatially, PFOA and PFOS were the predominant compounds in China, while precursors, emerging PFAS, and short-chain PFAS dominated in India, Japan, and South Korea, respectively. Seasonal variations of PFAS may be controlled by regional climate, local or seasonal emission sources, and long-range transport of air masses. Size-dependent distribution was investigated, showing that the majority of PFAS predominantly affiliated in fine particles, while PFOS and its alternatives tended to attach on coarser particles. Moreover, PFOS distributed on specific sizes exhibited seasonal and regional dependency, while no such patterns were observed for PFOA. These findings will provide useful information on the geographical and size-dependent distribution of PFAS in the atmospheric PM.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03387</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33156616</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Air masses ; Alkanesulfonic Acids - analysis ; Anthropogenic Impacts on the Atmosphere ; Asia ; China ; Cities ; Dimers ; Emission analysis ; Fluorocarbons - analysis ; Geographical distribution ; India ; Japan ; Particulate emissions ; Particulate matter ; Perfluoroalkyl & polyfluoroalkyl substances ; Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid ; Perfluorooctanoic acid ; Republic of Korea ; Seasonal distribution ; Seasonal variations</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2020-11, Vol.54 (22), p.14182-14191</ispartof><rights>2020 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Nov 17, 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a427t-3d59b8ea5b6612226bf14a4a8e8e1263ef0bb4eb7bf3158211167518c451ea633</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a427t-3d59b8ea5b6612226bf14a4a8e8e1263ef0bb4eb7bf3158211167518c451ea633</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2134-3710 ; 0000-0003-3448-8713 ; 0000-0002-6621-2263 ; 0000-0002-5868-4332</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.0c03387$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c03387$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2765,27076,27924,27925,56738,56788</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33156616$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lin, Huiju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taniyasu, Sachi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamazaki, Eriko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Si</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xinhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gai, Nan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jin Hyo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eun, Heesoo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lam, Paul K. S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamashita, Nobuyoshi</creatorcontrib><title>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFAS. Of the 34 investigated PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were the major compounds. In particular, the emerging PFAS, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, was quantified in the PM for the first time, with concentrations ranging from <0.086 to 21.5 pg/m3. Spatially, PFOA and PFOS were the predominant compounds in China, while precursors, emerging PFAS, and short-chain PFAS dominated in India, Japan, and South Korea, respectively. Seasonal variations of PFAS may be controlled by regional climate, local or seasonal emission sources, and long-range transport of air masses. Size-dependent distribution was investigated, showing that the majority of PFAS predominantly affiliated in fine particles, while PFOS and its alternatives tended to attach on coarser particles. Moreover, PFOS distributed on specific sizes exhibited seasonal and regional dependency, while no such patterns were observed for PFOA. These findings will provide useful information on the geographical and size-dependent distribution of PFAS in the atmospheric PM.</description><subject>Air masses</subject><subject>Alkanesulfonic Acids - analysis</subject><subject>Anthropogenic Impacts on the Atmosphere</subject><subject>Asia</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Dimers</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Fluorocarbons - analysis</subject><subject>Geographical distribution</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Particulate emissions</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Perfluoroalkyl & polyfluoroalkyl substances</subject><subject>Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid</subject><subject>Perfluorooctanoic acid</subject><subject>Republic of Korea</subject><subject>Seasonal distribution</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtLAzEURoMoWqtrdxJwaafmMcmk7kp9QsFCFdwNyfQORsdJTTJC_fWmtrpzdSGc77s3B6ETSoaUMHqhqzCEEIekIpyrYgf1qGAkE0rQXdQjhPJsxOXzAToM4ZUQwjhR--iAcyqkpLKHPmfgM6zbBZ65ZlU3nfNON2-rBs87E6JuKwjYtji-AB5bj2faR1s16dHVeBysvsRT-IQmDPAcdHCtbmxcDX4a5_YLsitYQruANuIrG6K3povWtUdor9ZNgOPt7KOnm-vHyV02fbi9n4ynmc5ZETO-ECOjQAuTrmWMSVPTXOdagQLKJIeaGJODKUydfqQYpVQWgqoqFxS05LyPzja9S-8-umSqfHWdT0eGkuVSKFJIPkrUxYaqvAvBQ10uvX3XflVSUq49l8lzuU5vPafE6ba3M--w-ON_xSbgfAOsk387_6v7BpSSiJs</recordid><startdate>20201117</startdate><enddate>20201117</enddate><creator>Lin, Huiju</creator><creator>Taniyasu, Sachi</creator><creator>Yamazaki, Eriko</creator><creator>Wei, Si</creator><creator>Wang, Xinhong</creator><creator>Gai, Nan</creator><creator>Kim, Jin Hyo</creator><creator>Eun, Heesoo</creator><creator>Lam, Paul K. 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S</au><au>Yamashita, Nobuyoshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2020-11-17</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>14182</spage><epage>14191</epage><pages>14182-14191</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><abstract>Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFAS. Of the 34 investigated PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were the major compounds. In particular, the emerging PFAS, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, was quantified in the PM for the first time, with concentrations ranging from <0.086 to 21.5 pg/m3. Spatially, PFOA and PFOS were the predominant compounds in China, while precursors, emerging PFAS, and short-chain PFAS dominated in India, Japan, and South Korea, respectively. Seasonal variations of PFAS may be controlled by regional climate, local or seasonal emission sources, and long-range transport of air masses. Size-dependent distribution was investigated, showing that the majority of PFAS predominantly affiliated in fine particles, while PFOS and its alternatives tended to attach on coarser particles. Moreover, PFOS distributed on specific sizes exhibited seasonal and regional dependency, while no such patterns were observed for PFOA. These findings will provide useful information on the geographical and size-dependent distribution of PFAS in the atmospheric PM.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>33156616</pmid><doi>10.1021/acs.est.0c03387</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2134-3710</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-8713</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6621-2263</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-4332</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2020-11, Vol.54 (22), p.14182-14191 |
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| source | MEDLINE; American Chemical Society Journals |
| subjects | Air masses Alkanesulfonic Acids - analysis Anthropogenic Impacts on the Atmosphere Asia China Cities Dimers Emission analysis Fluorocarbons - analysis Geographical distribution India Japan Particulate emissions Particulate matter Perfluoroalkyl & polyfluoroalkyl substances Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid Perfluorooctanoic acid Republic of Korea Seasonal distribution Seasonal variations |
| title | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution |
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