Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a human voxel model at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is presented. It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE access 2019, Vol.7, p.3635-3643 |
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| creator | Baek, Jae-Woo Kim, Dong-Kyoo Jung, Kyung-Young |
| description | The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a human voxel model at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is presented. It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are many human phantom models available, their voxel resolution is too poor to use for the FDTD study of EM wave interaction with human tissues. In this paper, we develop a proper human voxel model suitable for mmWave FDTD analysis using the voxel resolution enhancement technique and the image smoothing technique. The former can improve the resolution of the human voxel model and the latter can alleviate staircasing boundaries of the human voxel model. Quadratic complex rational function is employed for the electrical modeling of human tissues in the frequency range of 6-100 GHz. Massage passing interface-based parallel processing is also applied to dramatically speed up FDTD calculations. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the validity of the mmWave FDTD simulator developed here for bio electromagnetics studies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2888584 |
| format | Article |
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It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are many human phantom models available, their voxel resolution is too poor to use for the FDTD study of EM wave interaction with human tissues. In this paper, we develop a proper human voxel model suitable for mmWave FDTD analysis using the voxel resolution enhancement technique and the image smoothing technique. The former can improve the resolution of the human voxel model and the latter can alleviate staircasing boundaries of the human voxel model. Quadratic complex rational function is employed for the electrical modeling of human tissues in the frequency range of 6-100 GHz. Massage passing interface-based parallel processing is also applied to dramatically speed up FDTD calculations. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the validity of the mmWave FDTD simulator developed here for bio electromagnetics studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-3536</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2888584</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IAECCG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>Analytical models ; bioelectromagnetics ; Computational modeling ; dispersion model ; Doppler radar ; Electromagnetic radiation ; electromagnetic wave ; Finite difference methods ; Finite difference time domain method ; Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method ; Frequency ranges ; human tissue ; Human tissues ; Image enhancement ; Image resolution ; Mathematical analysis ; Millimeter waves ; Numerical models ; Parallel processing ; Phantoms ; Rational functions ; Time-domain analysis ; Wave interaction</subject><ispartof>IEEE access, 2019, Vol.7, p.3635-3643</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-a2f4538b99062eca4a13454a4c59930a1f4eac90fc3973c283fa7a704f2ab4a03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-a2f4538b99062eca4a13454a4c59930a1f4eac90fc3973c283fa7a704f2ab4a03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7960-3650</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8581409$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,2102,4024,27633,27923,27924,27925,54933</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Baek, Jae-Woo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dong-Kyoo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Kyung-Young</creatorcontrib><title>Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies</title><title>IEEE access</title><addtitle>Access</addtitle><description>The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a human voxel model at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is presented. It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are many human phantom models available, their voxel resolution is too poor to use for the FDTD study of EM wave interaction with human tissues. In this paper, we develop a proper human voxel model suitable for mmWave FDTD analysis using the voxel resolution enhancement technique and the image smoothing technique. The former can improve the resolution of the human voxel model and the latter can alleviate staircasing boundaries of the human voxel model. Quadratic complex rational function is employed for the electrical modeling of human tissues in the frequency range of 6-100 GHz. Massage passing interface-based parallel processing is also applied to dramatically speed up FDTD calculations. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the validity of the mmWave FDTD simulator developed here for bio electromagnetics studies.</description><subject>Analytical models</subject><subject>bioelectromagnetics</subject><subject>Computational modeling</subject><subject>dispersion model</subject><subject>Doppler radar</subject><subject>Electromagnetic radiation</subject><subject>electromagnetic wave</subject><subject>Finite difference methods</subject><subject>Finite difference time domain method</subject><subject>Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method</subject><subject>Frequency ranges</subject><subject>human tissue</subject><subject>Human tissues</subject><subject>Image enhancement</subject><subject>Image resolution</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Millimeter waves</subject><subject>Numerical models</subject><subject>Parallel processing</subject><subject>Phantoms</subject><subject>Rational functions</subject><subject>Time-domain analysis</subject><subject>Wave interaction</subject><issn>2169-3536</issn><issn>2169-3536</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ESBDL</sourceid><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkU1P4zAQhiPESiDgF3CxtOcUfzb2seq2WyQQB1g4WhNnXLlKY9ZOV4vEj8cQhPDFno_nHY3fqrpkdMYYNVeL5XJ1fz_jlOkZ11orLY-qU87mphZKzI-_vU-qi5x3tBxdUqo5rV7XYQgj1r-C95hwcEgewr7EcQ9hILexwz4MW-JjIqse3ZhKYTvgGBx5gn9IFgP0LzlkEj3ZHPYwkMf4H_uJJDCS29D3RXHEVH8A64R_D2VQwHxe_fDQZ7z4vM-qP-vVw3JT39z9vl4ubmonqR5r4F4qoVtj6JyjAwlMSCVBOmWMoMC8RHCGeidMIxzXwkMDDZWeQyuBirPqetLtIuzscwp7SC82QrAfiZi2FlLZqEcLAoADNpI5L2XTAu1847qOth3tsDVF6-ek9Zxi2SOPdhcPqXxCtlwqNWeKS1a6xNTlUsw5of-ayqh9d81Ortl31-yna4W6nKiAiF9EKTFJjXgDa3aU6Q</recordid><startdate>2019</startdate><enddate>2019</enddate><creator>Baek, Jae-Woo</creator><creator>Kim, Dong-Kyoo</creator><creator>Jung, Kyung-Young</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>ESBDL</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-3650</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2019</creationdate><title>Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies</title><author>Baek, Jae-Woo ; Kim, Dong-Kyoo ; Jung, Kyung-Young</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-a2f4538b99062eca4a13454a4c59930a1f4eac90fc3973c283fa7a704f2ab4a03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Analytical models</topic><topic>bioelectromagnetics</topic><topic>Computational modeling</topic><topic>dispersion model</topic><topic>Doppler radar</topic><topic>Electromagnetic radiation</topic><topic>electromagnetic wave</topic><topic>Finite difference methods</topic><topic>Finite difference time domain method</topic><topic>Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method</topic><topic>Frequency ranges</topic><topic>human tissue</topic><topic>Human tissues</topic><topic>Image enhancement</topic><topic>Image resolution</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Millimeter waves</topic><topic>Numerical models</topic><topic>Parallel processing</topic><topic>Phantoms</topic><topic>Rational functions</topic><topic>Time-domain analysis</topic><topic>Wave interaction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Baek, Jae-Woo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dong-Kyoo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Kyung-Young</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE Open Access Journals</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Baek, Jae-Woo</au><au>Kim, Dong-Kyoo</au><au>Jung, Kyung-Young</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies</atitle><jtitle>IEEE access</jtitle><stitle>Access</stitle><date>2019</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>7</volume><spage>3635</spage><epage>3643</epage><pages>3635-3643</pages><issn>2169-3536</issn><eissn>2169-3536</eissn><coden>IAECCG</coden><abstract>The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a human voxel model at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is presented. It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are many human phantom models available, their voxel resolution is too poor to use for the FDTD study of EM wave interaction with human tissues. In this paper, we develop a proper human voxel model suitable for mmWave FDTD analysis using the voxel resolution enhancement technique and the image smoothing technique. The former can improve the resolution of the human voxel model and the latter can alleviate staircasing boundaries of the human voxel model. Quadratic complex rational function is employed for the electrical modeling of human tissues in the frequency range of 6-100 GHz. Massage passing interface-based parallel processing is also applied to dramatically speed up FDTD calculations. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the validity of the mmWave FDTD simulator developed here for bio electromagnetics studies.</abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2888584</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-3650</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analytical models bioelectromagnetics Computational modeling dispersion model Doppler radar Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic wave Finite difference methods Finite difference time domain method Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method Frequency ranges human tissue Human tissues Image enhancement Image resolution Mathematical analysis Millimeter waves Numerical models Parallel processing Phantoms Rational functions Time-domain analysis Wave interaction |
| title | Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies |
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