Design of endoscopes for monitoring water-cooled divertor in W7-X
•Challenging optical design with 120° field of view at high resolution to distinguish edges from tiles of W7-X divertor.•Tolerance requirements to each component based on overall optical performance.•First water cooled 3D printed part as plasma facing component in W7-X.•Front mirrors designed for cl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Fusion engineering and design 2020-09, Vol.158, p.111841, Article 111841 |
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| container_title | Fusion engineering and design |
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| creator | Fellinger, Joris Lippmann, Uwe Greve, Henry Alhashimi, Mohamad Schülke, Mathias Äkaslompolo, Simppa Drewelow, Peter Jakubowski, Marcin König, Ralf Lorenz, Axel |
| description | •Challenging optical design with 120° field of view at high resolution to distinguish edges from tiles of W7-X divertor.•Tolerance requirements to each component based on overall optical performance.•First water cooled 3D printed part as plasma facing component in W7-X.•Front mirrors designed for cleaning cycle at 350 °C.•Detailed FEM assessment of ECRH stray radiation inside endoscope.
The modular stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) in Greifswald (Germany) started operation in 2015 with short pulse limiter plasmas and continued with pulsed divertor plasmas in 2017−2018. In 2021, the next operation phase (OP) OP2 will start after installation of 10 water-cooled CFC armored divertors, allowing for steady state operation.
Since divertor heat loads are very sensitive to plasma parameters, each water-cooled divertor needs to be monitored to interrupt or adapt plasma operation once overload is detected. For that purpose ten endoscopes are planned: two in module 3 and eight more in a different type of port in the other modules. The infrared (IR) radiation from the plasma facing surface as well as the plasma edge radiation in the visible (VIS) range is captured through a pinhole in a water-cooled plasma facing head and transmitted to the rear side outside the vacuum where the light is split and captured by an IR and VIS camera. The design challenge is to reach a high-resolution image of the entire target while capturing a large field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees.
In this paper, the design and assembly strategy is presented, including the assessment of the optical, thermo-mechanical and hydraulic performance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111841 |
| format | Article |
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The modular stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) in Greifswald (Germany) started operation in 2015 with short pulse limiter plasmas and continued with pulsed divertor plasmas in 2017−2018. In 2021, the next operation phase (OP) OP2 will start after installation of 10 water-cooled CFC armored divertors, allowing for steady state operation.
Since divertor heat loads are very sensitive to plasma parameters, each water-cooled divertor needs to be monitored to interrupt or adapt plasma operation once overload is detected. For that purpose ten endoscopes are planned: two in module 3 and eight more in a different type of port in the other modules. The infrared (IR) radiation from the plasma facing surface as well as the plasma edge radiation in the visible (VIS) range is captured through a pinhole in a water-cooled plasma facing head and transmitted to the rear side outside the vacuum where the light is split and captured by an IR and VIS camera. The design challenge is to reach a high-resolution image of the entire target while capturing a large field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees.
In this paper, the design and assembly strategy is presented, including the assessment of the optical, thermo-mechanical and hydraulic performance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0920-3796</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7196</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111841</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Divertor thermography ; Divertors (fusion reactors) ; ECRH stray radiation ; Endoscopes ; Field of view ; Image resolution ; Infrared ; Infrared radiation ; Modules ; Optical design ; Parameter sensitivity ; Pinholes ; Plasma ; Plasmas ; Wendelstein 7-X</subject><ispartof>Fusion engineering and design, 2020-09, Vol.158, p.111841, Article 111841</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Science Ltd. Sep 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-fcd1b86d7671561d0eaf27609aa71d8d0b1c7fdfd8da7c887fc5c3ad14ed46cc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-fcd1b86d7671561d0eaf27609aa71d8d0b1c7fdfd8da7c887fc5c3ad14ed46cc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9554-5147</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920379620303896$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fellinger, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lippmann, Uwe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greve, Henry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhashimi, Mohamad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schülke, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Äkaslompolo, Simppa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drewelow, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jakubowski, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>König, Ralf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenz, Axel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the W7-X team</creatorcontrib><title>Design of endoscopes for monitoring water-cooled divertor in W7-X</title><title>Fusion engineering and design</title><description>•Challenging optical design with 120° field of view at high resolution to distinguish edges from tiles of W7-X divertor.•Tolerance requirements to each component based on overall optical performance.•First water cooled 3D printed part as plasma facing component in W7-X.•Front mirrors designed for cleaning cycle at 350 °C.•Detailed FEM assessment of ECRH stray radiation inside endoscope.
The modular stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) in Greifswald (Germany) started operation in 2015 with short pulse limiter plasmas and continued with pulsed divertor plasmas in 2017−2018. In 2021, the next operation phase (OP) OP2 will start after installation of 10 water-cooled CFC armored divertors, allowing for steady state operation.
Since divertor heat loads are very sensitive to plasma parameters, each water-cooled divertor needs to be monitored to interrupt or adapt plasma operation once overload is detected. For that purpose ten endoscopes are planned: two in module 3 and eight more in a different type of port in the other modules. The infrared (IR) radiation from the plasma facing surface as well as the plasma edge radiation in the visible (VIS) range is captured through a pinhole in a water-cooled plasma facing head and transmitted to the rear side outside the vacuum where the light is split and captured by an IR and VIS camera. The design challenge is to reach a high-resolution image of the entire target while capturing a large field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees.
In this paper, the design and assembly strategy is presented, including the assessment of the optical, thermo-mechanical and hydraulic performance.</description><subject>Divertor thermography</subject><subject>Divertors (fusion reactors)</subject><subject>ECRH stray radiation</subject><subject>Endoscopes</subject><subject>Field of view</subject><subject>Image resolution</subject><subject>Infrared</subject><subject>Infrared radiation</subject><subject>Modules</subject><subject>Optical design</subject><subject>Parameter sensitivity</subject><subject>Pinholes</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Plasmas</subject><subject>Wendelstein 7-X</subject><issn>0920-3796</issn><issn>1873-7196</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWKu_wYDnrZn9SHaPpX5CwYuit5Amk5KlTWqyrfjvTVnxKgzMMPPOO8xDyDWwGTDgt_3M7hP6tcE0K1mZuwBtDSdkAq2oCgEdPyUT1pWsqETHz8lFSj1jIHJMyPwOk1t7GixFb0LSYYeJ2hDpNng3hOj8mn6pAWOhQ9igocYdMOYBdZ6-i-LjkpxZtUl49Zun5O3h_nXxVCxfHp8X82Whq64cCqsNrFpuBBfQcDAMlS0FZ51SAkxr2Aq0sMbmUgndtsLqRlfKQI2m5lpXU3Iz-u5i-NxjGmQf9tHnk7KsG8YbKJsmq8So0jGkFNHKXXRbFb8lMHnkJXv5x0seecmRV96cj5uYnzg4jDJph16jcRH1IE1w_3r8AG6jeII</recordid><startdate>202009</startdate><enddate>202009</enddate><creator>Fellinger, Joris</creator><creator>Lippmann, Uwe</creator><creator>Greve, Henry</creator><creator>Alhashimi, Mohamad</creator><creator>Schülke, Mathias</creator><creator>Äkaslompolo, Simppa</creator><creator>Drewelow, Peter</creator><creator>Jakubowski, Marcin</creator><creator>König, Ralf</creator><creator>Lorenz, Axel</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-5147</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202009</creationdate><title>Design of endoscopes for monitoring water-cooled divertor in W7-X</title><author>Fellinger, Joris ; Lippmann, Uwe ; Greve, Henry ; Alhashimi, Mohamad ; Schülke, Mathias ; Äkaslompolo, Simppa ; Drewelow, Peter ; Jakubowski, Marcin ; König, Ralf ; Lorenz, Axel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-fcd1b86d7671561d0eaf27609aa71d8d0b1c7fdfd8da7c887fc5c3ad14ed46cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Divertor thermography</topic><topic>Divertors (fusion reactors)</topic><topic>ECRH stray radiation</topic><topic>Endoscopes</topic><topic>Field of view</topic><topic>Image resolution</topic><topic>Infrared</topic><topic>Infrared radiation</topic><topic>Modules</topic><topic>Optical design</topic><topic>Parameter sensitivity</topic><topic>Pinholes</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Plasmas</topic><topic>Wendelstein 7-X</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fellinger, Joris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lippmann, Uwe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greve, Henry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhashimi, Mohamad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schülke, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Äkaslompolo, Simppa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drewelow, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jakubowski, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>König, Ralf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenz, Axel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the W7-X team</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Fusion engineering and design</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fellinger, Joris</au><au>Lippmann, Uwe</au><au>Greve, Henry</au><au>Alhashimi, Mohamad</au><au>Schülke, Mathias</au><au>Äkaslompolo, Simppa</au><au>Drewelow, Peter</au><au>Jakubowski, Marcin</au><au>König, Ralf</au><au>Lorenz, Axel</au><aucorp>the W7-X team</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Design of endoscopes for monitoring water-cooled divertor in W7-X</atitle><jtitle>Fusion engineering and design</jtitle><date>2020-09</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>158</volume><spage>111841</spage><pages>111841-</pages><artnum>111841</artnum><issn>0920-3796</issn><eissn>1873-7196</eissn><abstract>•Challenging optical design with 120° field of view at high resolution to distinguish edges from tiles of W7-X divertor.•Tolerance requirements to each component based on overall optical performance.•First water cooled 3D printed part as plasma facing component in W7-X.•Front mirrors designed for cleaning cycle at 350 °C.•Detailed FEM assessment of ECRH stray radiation inside endoscope.
The modular stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) in Greifswald (Germany) started operation in 2015 with short pulse limiter plasmas and continued with pulsed divertor plasmas in 2017−2018. In 2021, the next operation phase (OP) OP2 will start after installation of 10 water-cooled CFC armored divertors, allowing for steady state operation.
Since divertor heat loads are very sensitive to plasma parameters, each water-cooled divertor needs to be monitored to interrupt or adapt plasma operation once overload is detected. For that purpose ten endoscopes are planned: two in module 3 and eight more in a different type of port in the other modules. The infrared (IR) radiation from the plasma facing surface as well as the plasma edge radiation in the visible (VIS) range is captured through a pinhole in a water-cooled plasma facing head and transmitted to the rear side outside the vacuum where the light is split and captured by an IR and VIS camera. The design challenge is to reach a high-resolution image of the entire target while capturing a large field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees.
In this paper, the design and assembly strategy is presented, including the assessment of the optical, thermo-mechanical and hydraulic performance.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111841</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-5147</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Divertor thermography Divertors (fusion reactors) ECRH stray radiation Endoscopes Field of view Image resolution Infrared Infrared radiation Modules Optical design Parameter sensitivity Pinholes Plasma Plasmas Wendelstein 7-X |
| title | Design of endoscopes for monitoring water-cooled divertor in W7-X |
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