Study on dynamic mechanical properties of phosphate rock through experimental tests and mesoscale simulation
Dynamic characteristics of rock masses are an important part of the safety and stability analysis in rock mass engineering. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests on the phosphate rock in Yichang are conducted, combined with the Split-desktop digital image method and mesoscopic discrete eleme...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Arabian journal of geosciences 2020-09, Vol.13 (18), Article 969 |
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| creator | Liu, Xiqi Wang, Gang Liu, Tingting Lin, Manqing Lei, Hongxia Mandal, Abhay Kumar |
| description | Dynamic characteristics of rock masses are an important part of the safety and stability analysis in rock mass engineering. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests on the phosphate rock in Yichang are conducted, combined with the Split-desktop digital image method and mesoscopic discrete element method (DEM). Both macroscopic and mesoscopic characteristics of the phosphate rock have been studied from such perspectives as stress and strain, fractal characteristics of fragment size, and the spatial and temporal evolution of cracks. The research results show that the dynamic strength of the phosphate rock presents obvious strain rate effect, but the dynamic elasticity modulus is not so sensitive to the strain rate. There is a great correlation between the failure degree of rock specimens and the strain rate. The fractal characteristics of specimen fragments can be used to quantitatively evaluate the rock failure degree under impact loading. According to the characteristics of crack propagation, the rock failure process under the impact can be divided into four stages, namely the elastic crack-free stage, the crack initiation stage, the rapid crack growth stage, and the slow crack development stage. Moreover, with the increase of impact loading, micro-cracks are activated in large quantities. The specimens gradually change from the local damage mode to the axial splitting failure mode and to the crushing failure mode, and in this process, the number of tensile cracks takes an absolute advantage compared with the number of shear cracks. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12517-020-05950-2 |
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The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests on the phosphate rock in Yichang are conducted, combined with the Split-desktop digital image method and mesoscopic discrete element method (DEM). Both macroscopic and mesoscopic characteristics of the phosphate rock have been studied from such perspectives as stress and strain, fractal characteristics of fragment size, and the spatial and temporal evolution of cracks. The research results show that the dynamic strength of the phosphate rock presents obvious strain rate effect, but the dynamic elasticity modulus is not so sensitive to the strain rate. There is a great correlation between the failure degree of rock specimens and the strain rate. The fractal characteristics of specimen fragments can be used to quantitatively evaluate the rock failure degree under impact loading. According to the characteristics of crack propagation, the rock failure process under the impact can be divided into four stages, namely the elastic crack-free stage, the crack initiation stage, the rapid crack growth stage, and the slow crack development stage. Moreover, with the increase of impact loading, micro-cracks are activated in large quantities. The specimens gradually change from the local damage mode to the axial splitting failure mode and to the crushing failure mode, and in this process, the number of tensile cracks takes an absolute advantage compared with the number of shear cracks.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-7511</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-7538</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12517-020-05950-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Crack initiation ; Crack propagation ; Cracks ; Digital imaging ; Discrete element method ; Dynamic characteristics ; Dynamic mechanical properties ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth science ; Earth Sciences ; Elasticity ; Failure modes ; Fractals ; Geology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Growth stage ; Impact loads ; Mechanical properties ; Microcracks ; Original Paper ; Phosphate rocks ; Phosphates ; Physical Sciences ; Rock masses ; Rocks ; Science & Technology ; Split Hopkinson pressure bars ; Stability ; Stability analysis ; Strain ; Strain rate</subject><ispartof>Arabian journal of geosciences, 2020-09, Vol.13 (18), Article 969</ispartof><rights>Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020</rights><rights>Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>8</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000573068300001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a342t-47a7793d7cb4a8c87503afef8477b648eec393129439835c3271963ec3174d183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a342t-47a7793d7cb4a8c87503afef8477b648eec393129439835c3271963ec3174d183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12517-020-05950-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12517-020-05950-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,28253,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Manqing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Hongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandal, Abhay Kumar</creatorcontrib><title>Study on dynamic mechanical properties of phosphate rock through experimental tests and mesoscale simulation</title><title>Arabian journal of geosciences</title><addtitle>Arab J Geosci</addtitle><addtitle>ARAB J GEOSCI</addtitle><description>Dynamic characteristics of rock masses are an important part of the safety and stability analysis in rock mass engineering. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests on the phosphate rock in Yichang are conducted, combined with the Split-desktop digital image method and mesoscopic discrete element method (DEM). Both macroscopic and mesoscopic characteristics of the phosphate rock have been studied from such perspectives as stress and strain, fractal characteristics of fragment size, and the spatial and temporal evolution of cracks. The research results show that the dynamic strength of the phosphate rock presents obvious strain rate effect, but the dynamic elasticity modulus is not so sensitive to the strain rate. There is a great correlation between the failure degree of rock specimens and the strain rate. The fractal characteristics of specimen fragments can be used to quantitatively evaluate the rock failure degree under impact loading. According to the characteristics of crack propagation, the rock failure process under the impact can be divided into four stages, namely the elastic crack-free stage, the crack initiation stage, the rapid crack growth stage, and the slow crack development stage. Moreover, with the increase of impact loading, micro-cracks are activated in large quantities. The specimens gradually change from the local damage mode to the axial splitting failure mode and to the crushing failure mode, and in this process, the number of tensile cracks takes an absolute advantage compared with the number of shear cracks.</description><subject>Crack initiation</subject><subject>Crack propagation</subject><subject>Cracks</subject><subject>Digital imaging</subject><subject>Discrete element method</subject><subject>Dynamic characteristics</subject><subject>Dynamic mechanical properties</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Failure modes</subject><subject>Fractals</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Geosciences, Multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Growth stage</subject><subject>Impact loads</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microcracks</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Phosphate rocks</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Rock masses</subject><subject>Rocks</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Split Hopkinson pressure bars</subject><subject>Stability</subject><subject>Stability analysis</subject><subject>Strain</subject><subject>Strain rate</subject><issn>1866-7511</issn><issn>1866-7538</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AOWDO</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE9LxDAQxYsoqKtfwFPAo1QnSdukR1n8B4IH9Ryy6dR23U1qkqL77c1a0Zt4yhDeezPvl2UnFM4pgLgIlJVU5MAgh7IuIWc72QGVVZWLksvdn5nS_ewwhCVAJUHIg2z1GMdmQ5wlzcbqdW_IGk2nbW_0igzeDehjj4G4lgydC0OnIxLvzCuJnXfjS0fwI2n6NdqYHBFDDETbJsUEF1IIktCvx5WOvbNH2V6rVwGPv99Z9nx99TS_ze8fbu7ml_e55gWLeSG0EDVvhFkUWhopSuC6xVYWQiyqQiIaXnPK6oLXkpeGM0HriqdfKoqGSj7LTqfcVOBtTCeppRu9TSsVK0pggrOKJhWbVMa7EDy2akg9tN8oCmpLVU1UVaKqvqgqlkxnk-kdF64Npkdr8McIAKXgiS1PE2xXyP-r5338ojR3o43JyidrSHL7gv63wx_nfQIAWZwt</recordid><startdate>20200901</startdate><enddate>20200901</enddate><creator>Liu, Xiqi</creator><creator>Wang, Gang</creator><creator>Liu, Tingting</creator><creator>Lin, Manqing</creator><creator>Lei, Hongxia</creator><creator>Mandal, Abhay Kumar</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AOWDO</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200901</creationdate><title>Study on dynamic mechanical properties of phosphate rock through experimental tests and mesoscale simulation</title><author>Liu, Xiqi ; Wang, Gang ; Liu, Tingting ; Lin, Manqing ; Lei, Hongxia ; Mandal, Abhay Kumar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a342t-47a7793d7cb4a8c87503afef8477b648eec393129439835c3271963ec3174d183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Crack initiation</topic><topic>Crack propagation</topic><topic>Cracks</topic><topic>Digital imaging</topic><topic>Discrete element method</topic><topic>Dynamic characteristics</topic><topic>Dynamic mechanical properties</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Failure modes</topic><topic>Fractals</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Geosciences, Multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Growth stage</topic><topic>Impact loads</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Microcracks</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Phosphate rocks</topic><topic>Phosphates</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Rock masses</topic><topic>Rocks</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Split Hopkinson pressure bars</topic><topic>Stability</topic><topic>Stability analysis</topic><topic>Strain</topic><topic>Strain rate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Manqing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Hongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandal, Abhay Kumar</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Xiqi</au><au>Wang, Gang</au><au>Liu, Tingting</au><au>Lin, Manqing</au><au>Lei, Hongxia</au><au>Mandal, Abhay Kumar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Study on dynamic mechanical properties of phosphate rock through experimental tests and mesoscale simulation</atitle><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle><stitle>Arab J Geosci</stitle><stitle>ARAB J GEOSCI</stitle><date>2020-09-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>18</issue><artnum>969</artnum><issn>1866-7511</issn><eissn>1866-7538</eissn><abstract>Dynamic characteristics of rock masses are an important part of the safety and stability analysis in rock mass engineering. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests on the phosphate rock in Yichang are conducted, combined with the Split-desktop digital image method and mesoscopic discrete element method (DEM). Both macroscopic and mesoscopic characteristics of the phosphate rock have been studied from such perspectives as stress and strain, fractal characteristics of fragment size, and the spatial and temporal evolution of cracks. The research results show that the dynamic strength of the phosphate rock presents obvious strain rate effect, but the dynamic elasticity modulus is not so sensitive to the strain rate. There is a great correlation between the failure degree of rock specimens and the strain rate. The fractal characteristics of specimen fragments can be used to quantitatively evaluate the rock failure degree under impact loading. According to the characteristics of crack propagation, the rock failure process under the impact can be divided into four stages, namely the elastic crack-free stage, the crack initiation stage, the rapid crack growth stage, and the slow crack development stage. Moreover, with the increase of impact loading, micro-cracks are activated in large quantities. The specimens gradually change from the local damage mode to the axial splitting failure mode and to the crushing failure mode, and in this process, the number of tensile cracks takes an absolute advantage compared with the number of shear cracks.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s12517-020-05950-2</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Crack initiation Crack propagation Cracks Digital imaging Discrete element method Dynamic characteristics Dynamic mechanical properties Earth and Environmental Science Earth science Earth Sciences Elasticity Failure modes Fractals Geology Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Growth stage Impact loads Mechanical properties Microcracks Original Paper Phosphate rocks Phosphates Physical Sciences Rock masses Rocks Science & Technology Split Hopkinson pressure bars Stability Stability analysis Strain Strain rate |
| title | Study on dynamic mechanical properties of phosphate rock through experimental tests and mesoscale simulation |
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